DB太大？一键帮你收缩所有DB文件大小（Shrink Files for All Databases in SQL Server）
Posted 薰薰熊的技术分享社区
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了DB太大？一键帮你收缩所有DB文件大小（Shrink Files for All Databases in SQL Server）相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
本文介绍一个简单的SQL脚本，实现收缩整个Microsoft SQL Server实例所有非系统DB文件大小的功能。
作为一个与SQL天天打交道的程序猿，经常会遇到DB文件太大，把空间占满的情况：
而对于开发测试人员来说，如果DB数据不是特别重要的话，不会特意扩大磁盘空间，而是直接利用SQL的Shrink File功能缩小DB文件大小，详见：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/databases/shrink-a-file。
这里介绍一个脚本，支持一键收缩整个SQL Server实例上所有非系统DB文件大小。
脚本支持功能和相关逻辑如下：
- 五个系统DB（master、model、msdb、tempdb、Resource）不会执行Shrink File操作；
- 如果DB的Recovery Model是FULL或者BULK_LOGGED，会自动改成SIMPLE，Shrink File操作后再改回原来的；
- 只会对DB状态为ONLINE的DB进行Shrink File操作；
- DB的所有文件，包括数据文件和日志文件都会被执行收缩操作（Shrink Database Data Files & Shrink Database Log Files）；
- 执行SQL脚本的用户需要有sysadmin或者相关数据库的DBO权限。
脚本如下：
1 -- Created by Bob from http://www.cnblogs.com/lavender000/ 2 use master 3 DECLARE dbCursor CURSOR for select name from [master].[sys].[databases] where state = 0 and is_in_standby = 0; 4 DECLARE @dbname NVARCHAR(255) 5 DECLARE @recoveryModel NVARCHAR(255) 6 DECLARE @tempTSQL NVARCHAR(255) 7 DECLARE @dbFilesCursor CURSOR 8 DECLARE @dbFile NVARCHAR(255) 9 DECLARE @flag BIT 10 11 OPEN dbCursor 12 FETCH NEXT FROM dbCursor INTO @dbname 13 14 WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 15 BEGIN 16 if((@dbname <> \'master\') and (@dbname <> \'model\') and (@dbname <> \'msdb\') and (@dbname <> \'tempdb\') and (@dbname <> \'Resource\')) 17 begin 18 print(\'\') 19 print(\'Database [\' + @dbname + \'] will be shrinked log...\') 20 SET @flag = 1 21 SET @recoveryModel = (SELECT recovery_model_desc FROM sys.databases WHERE name = @dbname) 22 if((@recoveryModel = \'FULL\') or (@recoveryModel = \'BULK_LOGGED\')) 23 begin 24 SET @tempTSQL = (select CONCAT(\'ALTER DATABASE [\', @dbname, \'] SET RECOVERY SIMPLE with no_wait\')) 25 EXEC sp_executesql @tempTSQL 26 if (@@ERROR = 0) 27 begin 28 print(\' Database [\' + @dbname + \'] recovery model has been changed to \'\'SIMPLE\'\'.\') 29 SET @flag = 1 30 end 31 else 32 begin 33 print(\'Database [\' + @dbname + \'] recovery model failed to be changed to \'\'SIMPLE\'\'.\') 34 SET @flag = 0 35 end 36 end 37 38 if(@flag = 1) 39 begin 40 SET @tempTSQL = (select CONCAT(\'use [\', @dbname, \']\')) 41 EXEC sp_executesql @tempTSQL 42 SET @dbFilesCursor = CURSOR for select sys.master_files.name from sys.master_files, [master].[sys].[databases] where databases.name = @dbname and databases.database_id = sys.master_files.database_id 43 open @dbFilesCursor 44 FETCH NEXT FROM @dbFilesCursor INTO @dbFile 45 WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 46 BEGIN 47 SET @tempTSQL = (select CONCAT(\'use [\', @dbname, \'] DBCC SHRINKFILE (N\'\'\', @dbFile, \'\'\') with NO_INFOMSGS\')) 48 EXEC sp_executesql @tempTSQL 49 if(@@ERROR = 0) print(\' Database file [\' + @dbFile + \'] has been shrinked log successfully.\') 50 FETCH NEXT FROM @dbFilesCursor INTO @dbFile 51 END 52 CLOSE @dbFilesCursor 53 DEALLOCATE @dbFilesCursor 54 55 if(@recoveryModel <> \'SIMPLE\') 56 begin 57 -- Finally changed back 58 SET @tempTSQL = (select CONCAT(\'ALTER DATABASE [\', @dbname, \'] SET RECOVERY \', @recoveryModel, \' with no_wait\')) 59 EXEC sp_executesql @tempTSQL 60 if (@@ERROR = 0) 61 begin 62 print(\' Database [\' + @dbname + \'] recovery model has been changed back to \'\'\' + @recoveryModel + \'\'\'\') 63 end 64 else 65 begin 66 print(\' Database [\' + @dbname + \'] recovery model failed to be changed back to \'\'\' + @recoveryModel + \'\'\'\') 67 end 68 end 69 end 70 end 71 FETCH NEXT FROM dbCursor INTO @dbname 72 END 73 74 CLOSE dbCursor 75 DEALLOCATE dbCursor
执行完效果如下：
Note：
- 如果不放心使用，可提前备份相关数据库；
- 使用前请仔细阅读脚本支持功能和相关逻辑，如与自己需求不符，请不要使用该脚本，或者请根据自己需求自行修改脚本；
- 脚本为简易脚本，仅用于测试学习，可能有BUG，不可生产环境使用，如有错误，请留言。
更新：该脚本在SQL Server 2008R2上执行可能会报如下错误：
\'CONCAT\' is not a recognized built-in function name.
由于脚本中使用了CONCAT函数，该函数是TSQL在SQL Server 2012中新引入的函数，具体详见：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/concat-transact-sql。
因此如果想在SQL Server 2012以下版本中使用的话需要把CONCAT函数改成string +方法，具体如下：
1 -- Created by Bob from http://www.cnblogs.com/lavender000/ 2 use master 3 DECLARE dbCursor CURSOR for select name from [master].[sys].[databases] where state = 0 and is_in_standby = 0; 4 DECLARE @dbname NVARCHAR(255) 5 DECLARE @recoveryModel NVARCHAR(255) 6 DECLARE @tempTSQL NVARCHAR(255) 7 DECLARE @dbFilesCursor CURSOR 8 DECLARE @dbFile NVARCHAR(255) 9 DECLARE @flag BIT 10 11 OPEN dbCursor 12 FETCH NEXT FROM dbCursor INTO @dbname 13 14 WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 15 BEGIN 16 if((@dbname <> \'master\') and (@dbname <> \'model\') and (@dbname <> \'msdb\') and (@dbname <> \'tempdb\') and (@dbname <> \'Resource\')) 17 begin 18 print(\'\') 19 print(\'Database [\' + @dbname + \'] will be shrinked log...\') 20 SET @flag = 1 21 SET @recoveryModel = (SELECT recovery_model_desc FROM sys.databases WHERE name = @dbname) 22 if((@recoveryModel = \'FULL\') or (@recoveryModel = \'BULK_LOGGED\')) 23 begin 24 SET @tempTSQL = (\'ALTER DATABASE [\' + @dbname + \'] SET RECOVERY SIMPLE with no_wait\') 25 EXEC sp_executesql @tempTSQL 26 if (@@ERROR = 0) 27 begin 28 print(\' Database [\' + @dbname + \'] recovery model has been changed to \'\'SIMPLE\'\'.\') 29 SET @flag = 1 30 end 31 else 32 begin 33 print(\'Database [\' + @dbname + \'] recovery model failed to be changed to \'\'SIMPLE\'\'.\') 34 SET @flag = 0 35 end 36 end 37 38 if(@flag = 1) 39 begin 40 SET @tempTSQL = (\'use [\' + @dbname + \']\') 41 EXEC sp_executesql @tempTSQL 42 SET @dbFilesCursor = CURSOR for select sys.master_files.name from sys.master_files, [master].[sys].[databases] where databases.name = @dbname and databases.database_id = sys.master_files.database_id 43 open @dbFilesCursor 44 FETCH NEXT FROM @dbFilesCursor INTO @dbFile 45 WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 46 BEGIN 47 SET @tempTSQL = (\'use [\' + @dbname + \'] DBCC SHRINKFILE (N\'\'\' + @dbFile + \'\'\') with NO_INFOMSGS\') 48 EXEC sp_executesql @tempTSQL 49 if(@@ERROR = 0) print(\' Database file [\' + @dbFile + \'] has been shrinked log successfully.\') 50 FETCH NEXT FROM @dbFilesCursor INTO @dbFile 51 END 52 CLOSE @dbFilesCursor 53 DEALLOCATE @dbFilesCursor 54 55 if(@recoveryModel <> \'SIMPLE\') 56 begin 57 -- Finally changed back 58 SET @tempTSQL = (\'ALTER DATABASE [\' + @dbname + \'] SET RECOVERY \' + @recoveryModel + \' with no_wait\') 59 EXEC sp_executesql @tempTSQL 60 if (@@ERROR = 0) 61 begin 62 print(\' Database [\' + @dbname + \'] recovery model has been changed back to \'\'\' + @recoveryModel + \'\'\'\') 63 end 64 else 65 begin 66 print(\' Database [\' + @dbname + \'] recovery model failed to be changed back to \'\'\' + @recoveryModel + \'\'\'\') 67 end 68 end 69 end 70 end 71 FETCH NEXT FROM dbCursor INTO @dbname 72 END 73 74 CLOSE dbCursor 75 DEALLOCATE dbCursor
给大家带来的不变深表歉意。
[原创文章，转载请注明出处，仅供学习研究之用，如有错误请留言，谢谢支持]
[原站点：http://www.cnblogs.com/lavender000/p/6882741.html，来自永远薰薰]
以上是关于DB太大？一键帮你收缩所有DB文件大小（Shrink Files for All Databases in SQL Server）的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
代码：306。DB::Exception：从 localhost:9000 接收。 DB::Exception：堆栈大小太大。堆栈地址