Running Quagga on LXD to test OSPF (by quqi99)
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作者：张华 发表于：2022-01-28
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( http://blog.csdn.net/quqi99 )
前言
Quagga是一个开源的基于Zebra实现了RIP, OSPF, BGP的动态路由软件。它提供的CLI命令和Cisco ios类似 - https://blog.csdn.net/quqi99/article/details/9264373
网络测试需要机器来运行Quagga软路由，也需要机器来运行网络测试机，用裸机太麻烦，用虚机也麻烦，容器内的网络是隔离的还是用LXD容器吧 － https://blog.csdn.net/quqi99/article/details/52131486
注意，运行此测试，根目录至少得有5.5G硬盘空间.
sudo /snap/bin/lxc storage list
$ sudo du -h /var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/storage-pools/default |tail -n1
5.5G /var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/storage-pools/default
本测试实现的OSPF网络拓扑如下图所示（也可以使用processon画图) ，两个路由器R1和R2, 两个测试机C1和C1, 三个OSPF AREA (0, 1, 2), 最终的目的得192.168.1.2可以ping通192.168.2.2
Install LXD
sudo snap install lxd --classic
sudo /snap/bin/lxd init --auto
ip addr show lxdbr0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc profile show default
sudo /snap/bin/lxc remote add faster https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-cloud-images/releases/server --protocol simplestreams
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch faster:20.04 R1
注：20220530更新 - 见：https://blog.csdn.net/quqi99/article/details/52131486
如果添加了下列配置, 之后不需要使用"sudo /snap/bin/lxc"，直接使用lxc或lxd即可(前面不需要加sudo)
sudo usermod -aG $USER lxd
# MUST NOT use sudo, so must cd to home dir to run it
cd ~ && lxd init --auto
sudo chown -R $USER ~/.config/
export EDITOR=vim
Make LXC Template for Router and Client
wget https://github.com/Quagga/quagga/releases/download/quagga-1.2.4/quagga-1.2.4.tar.gz
wget https://c-ares.org/download/c-ares-1.18.1.tar.gz
/snap/bin/lxc file push ./quagga-1.2.4.tar.gz R1/root/
/snap/bin/lxc file push ./c-ares-1.18.1.tar.gz R1/root/
/snap/bin/lxc exec R1 -- /bin/bash
tar -xf quagga-1.2.4.tar.gz
tar -xf c-ares-1.18.1.tar.gz
apt install gawk libreadline8 libreadline-dev pkg-config binutils gcc make -y
cd /root/c-ares-1.18.1
./configure && make && make install
cd ../quagga-1.2.4
./configure --enable-vtysh --enable-user=root --enable-group=root --enable-vty-group=root
make && make install
cat /etc/services
cp /usr/local/etc/zebra.conf.sample /usr/local/etc/zebra.conf
cp /usr/local/etc/vtysh.conf.sample /usr/local/etc/vtysh.conf
cp /usr/local/etc/ospfd.conf.sample /usr/local/etc/ospfd.conf
cp /usr/local/lib/libzebra.so.1 /lib
cp /usr/local/lib/libospf* /lib/
groupadd quagga && useradd quagga -g quagga
zebra -d
apt install net-tools -y
exit
#sudo /snap/bin/lxc image export Quagga_Template . && sudo /snap/bin/lxd import <tarbal> --alias <alias>
sudo /snap/bin/lxc publish R1 --alias Quagga_Template --public --force
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch Quagga_Template C1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec C1 -- /bin/bash
apt install net-tools -y
exit
sudo /snap/bin/lxc publish C1 --alias Client_Ubuntu2004 --public --force
sudo /snap/bin/lxc delete R1 --force
sudo /snap/bin/lxc delete C1 --force
Configure R1, R2, C1, C2
# Connect R1 and C1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch Quagga_Template R1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch Client_Ubuntu2004 C1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network create C1R1 ipv6.address=none ipv4.address=192.168.1.1/24
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach C1R1 C1 eth0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach C1R1 R1 eth1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R1 -- /bin/bash
ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth1 && ip link set eth1 up && exit
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec C1 -- /bin/bash
ip addr add 192.168.1.2/24 dev eth0 && ip link set eth0 up
route add default gw 192.168.1.1
ping 192.168.1.1
exit
# Connect R2 and C2
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch Quagga_Template R2
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch Client_Ubuntu2004 C2
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network create C2R2 ipv6.address=none ipv4.address=192.168.2.1/24
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach C2R2 C2 eth0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach C2R2 R2 eth1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R2 -- /bin/bash
ip addr add 192.168.2.1/24 dev eth1 && ip link set eth1 up && exit
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec C2 -- /bin/bash
ip addr add 192.168.2.2/24 dev eth0 && ip link set eth0 up
route add default gw 192.168.2.1
ping 192.168.2.1
exit
# Connect R1R2
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network create R1R2 ipv6.address=none ipv4.address=192.168.0.1/24
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach R1R2 R1 eth0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach R1R2 R2 eth0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R1 -- /bin/bash
ip addr add 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 && ip link set eth0 up && exit
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R2 -- /bin/bash
ip addr add 192.168.0.2/24 dev eth0 && ip link set eth0 up && exit
# Configure OSPF on R1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R1 -- /bin/bash
cat << EOF | tee /usr/local/etc/ospfd.conf
! OSPF configuration file
hostname R1
password password
enable password password
router ospf
ospf router-id 192.168.0.1
network 192.168.0.0/24 area 0
network 192.168.1.0/24 area 1
debug ospf event
log file /usr/local/etc/ospfd.log
EOF
zebra -d && ospfd -d && exit
# Configure OSPF on R2
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R2 -- /bin/bash
cat << EOF | tee /usr/local/etc/ospfd.conf
! OSPF configuration file
hostname R2
password password
enable password password
router ospf
ospf router-id 192.168.0.2
network 192.168.0.0/24 area 0
network 192.168.2.0/24 area 2
debug ospf event
log file /usr/local/etc/ospfd.log
EOF
zebra -d && ospfd -d && exit
Test Result
# Test - C1 -> C2
$ sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec C1 -- /usr/bin/ping 192.168.2.2 -c1
PING 192.168.2.2 (192.168.2.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=0.204 ms
Some Debug Data
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R1 -- /bin/bash
vtysh
R1# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface RXmtL RqstL DBsmL
192.168.0.2 1 Full/Backup 37.551s 192.168.0.2 eth0:192.168.0.1 0 0 0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R2 -- /bin/bash
vtysh
R2# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface RXmtL RqstL DBsmL
192.168.0.1 1 Full/DR 36.633s 192.168.0.1 eth0:192.168.0.2 0 0 0
R1# show ip ospf data
OSPF Router with ID (192.168.0.1)
Router Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Link count
192.168.0.1 192.168.0.1 815 0x80000004 0x722a 1
192.168.0.2 192.168.0.2 269 0x80000005 0x6e2a 1
Net Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum
192.168.0.1 192.168.0.1 815 0x80000001 0x941b
Summary Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Route
192.168.1.0 192.168.0.1 785 0x80000002 0xfe7e 192.168.1.0/24
192.168.2.0 192.168.0.2 129 0x80000002 0xed8d 192.168.2.0/24
R2# show ip ospf data
OSPF Router with ID (192.168.0.2)
Router Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Link count
192.168.0.1 192.168.0.1 881 0x80000004 0x722a 1
192.168.0.2 192.168.0.2 333 0x80000005 0x6e2a 1
Net Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum
192.168.0.1 192.168.0.1 882 0x80000001 0x941b
Summary Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Route
192.168.1.0 192.168.0.1 852 0x80000002 0xfe7e 192.168.1.0/24
192.168.2.0 192.168.0.2 193 0x80000002 0xed8d 192.168.2.0/24
Router Link States (Area 0.0.0.2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Link count
192.168.0.2 192.168.0.2 843 0x80000003 0x3dc6 1
Summary Link States (Area 0.0.0.2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Route
192.168.0.0 192.168.0.2 293 0x80000003 0x027a 192.168.0.0/24
192.168.1.0 192.168.0.2 871 0x80000001 0x5f14 192.168.1.0/24
Reference
[1] https://blog.csdn.net/salmonwilliam/article/details/108887355
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