Oracle维护之日常伪DBA操作

Posted 2022-12-13 wu6660563

好记性不如烂笔头，本人日常DBA的SQL如下，整理了常用的，创建用户之类的就直接不写了，因为他不算日常的SQL，偶尔用一下，直接通过笔记调出来

-- 查询当前用户所有表
select t.* from user_tables t 
-- impdp导出
imp xxx/xxx@xxx file=xx_DATA.DMP grants=N tables=tablename1,tablename2

exp xxx/xxx file=xxx.dmp  grants=N owner=xxx

-- listagg within group 拼接结果，比如把所有表用逗号拼接起来
select LISTAGG('xx:'||partition_name,',') within group(order by partition_name asc) from user_tab_partitions where table_name='table_name'

-- 查询表所属表空间
select TABLE_NAME,TABLESPACE_NAME,partitioned from dba_tables where table_name = 'tablename'

-- 查询表空间和表空间剩余量
SELECT a.tablespace_name "表空间名",
       total / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间大小(G)",
       free / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间剩余大小(G)",
       (total - free) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间使用大小(G)",
       round((total - free) / total, 4) * 100 "使用率 %"
  FROM (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) free
          FROM dba_free_space
         GROUP BY tablespace_name) a,
       (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) total
          FROM dba_data_files
         GROUP BY tablespace_name) b
 WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name;

-- 查询分区
select * from user_sys_privs where 
--privilege like upper('%DATABASE LINK%') AND
 USERNAME='username';
 
-- 赋予创建DBLink权限 
grant create public database link to username;

-- 查询directory
SELECT * FROM DBA_DIRECTORIES

-- 管理员身份sys导出
expdp \\'sys/password@ORCL AS SYSDBA\\' grants=n TABLES=username.table_name dumpfile=filename.DMP DIRECTORY=EXPDP;
-- 管理员身份sys导出分区表
expdp \\'sys/password@ORCL AS SYSDBA\\' grants=n TABLES=username.table_name:分区名 dumpfile=文件名.DMP DIRECTORY=EXPDP;

-- impdp导入
impdp username/password@ORCL dumpfile=filename.DMP directory=EXPDP remap_schema=原用户名:当前要导入的用户名

-- 后台开并行expdp导出，将会导出多个DP开头的文件
nohup expdp \\'sys/password@ORCL AS SYSDBA\\' grants=FALSE schemas=username  parallel=40 dumpfile=DP%u.DMP cluster=N logfile=DP.log directory=EXPDP &

-- 创建directory 
create directory EXPDP as '/home/xxx';
-- 给directory赋予权限
grant read,write on directory EXPDP to username;

--rman归档 判断log_mode为ARCHIVELOG
select * from v$database;

--展示undo参数
show parameter undo 

-- 显示归档文件日志及相关的信息
select * from v$recovery_file_dest;
select sum(percent_space_used)*3/100 from v$flash_recovery_area_usage;
select * from v$flash_recovery_area_usage;
select * from v$version;

select group#,sequence#,bytes/1024/1024,members,status from v$log;

-- 删除N天以前的归档
DELETE ARCHIVELOG ALL COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-1';
delete obsolete;
select sum(percent_space_used)*3/100 from v$flash_recovery_area_usage;
delete archivelog until time 'sysdate-5';

-- 定时删除归档日志脚本，此脚本需要写成  xxx.sh 文件
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman log=delete_archivelog.log <<EOF       
rman target sys/password
run
        crosscheck archivelog all;    
        DELETE ARCHIVELOG ALL COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-1';


-- 查询表空间的数据文件
Select * FROM DBA_DATA_FILES where tablespace_name = 'tablespacename';

-- 给表空间增加数据文件
ALTER TABLESPACE DATA_ODS ADD DATAFILE '/oradata/xxx.dbf' SIZE 1G AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8M MAXSIZE 34359721984;

-- 直接修改原有数据文件大小，修改成32G，单个数据文件最大只能32G
alter database datafile '/oradata/xxx.dbf' RESIZE 34359721984; 

-- 查询某个用户表空间的数据文件 
Select * FROM DBA_DATA_FILES where tablespace_name = 'username';

-- 查询临时表空间数据文件
select * from dba_temp_files d; 
      
-- 给现有表空间增加数据文件
ALTER TABLESPACE DATA_ODS ADD DATAFILE
'/oradata/xxx.dbf' SIZE 34359721984;

-- 给临时表空间增加数据文件
ALTER DATABASE TEMPFILE '/home/xxx/temp03.dbf' RESIZE 34359721984;

-- 查询所有表空间
select * from v$tablespace;

-- 查询表空间下面所有的用户
select distinct s.owner from dba_segments s where s.tablespace_name ='tablespacename';