Mysql 中间件 oneProxy总结

Posted 2022-12-08 coder_up

建议使用之前把官方的文档全部通读一遍 这里提供一个我的网盘地址oneproxy 百度网盘

0. 先对 oneproxy 有个大概的了解，知道他所处的位置

1. mysql服务器

1. 创建test用户,密码test
2. 存在test数据库
3. 确认oneproxy能登录

1.1 注意事项

1. 所有MySQL节点有相同的用户名和口令
2. 所有MySQL节点有相同的数据库名
3. 所有MySQL节点使用相同的字符集设置
4. 前端应用程序可以切换操作集群
   
   • 命令:use groupname
5. 前端应用程序不能切换MySQL数据库

2. OneProxy 服务器

1. 可以和Mysql共同一台机器
2. 默认client port 3307
   
   1. mysql -utest -ptest -h 127.0.0.1 -P3307
3. 默认admin port 4041
   
   1. mysql -uadmin -pOneProxy -h 127.0.0.1 -P4041

2.1 OneProxy 单机多实例

1. OneProxy 单实例占用两个端口3307，4041，所有只要保证端口不重复， 就可以保证单机启动多个实例
2. 多实例只要换不同端口即可

2.2 关闭OneProxy

1. 后台运行
   
   1. –keepalive 启动守护进程
   2. 遇到内存Bug Crash 时候，可以自动重启，应用自动重新连接（开启keepalive后，会有一个单独的进程来监控oneproxy）
2. 杀死进程
   
   1. ps -ef | grep oneproxy
   2. kill -9 所有oneproxy 进程号
3. 管理端口里面
   
   1. shutdown force

3. OneProxy 需要自己的验证机制

3.1 链接后端和client的配置

--proxy-user-list=username/password@dbname
--proxy-database: 指定默认数据库
--proxy-charset: 指定数据库字符集, 查看支持的字符集可以登陆到4041的命令窗口执行 list charset; 查看

这里的用户名和密码是提供oneproxy 链接后端mysql使用的，同时也是 client(php，java, python。。。)链接oneproxy 使用的

3.2 管理接口的用户名和密码配置

admin-user=  admin
admin-password=  OneProxy
admin-address=ip:port

密码必须加密,使用管理端口passwd命令生成
mysql -uadmin -pOneProxy -P4041 -c -h ip:port
> passwd test

4. 健康检查

1. 每秒钟Proxy会和后端进行通信,检测后端数据库状态。
   
   1. Markup: 正常状态,可以提供服务
   2. Markdown:异常状态,不可以提供服务
2. 查看状态
   
   1. 查看后端机器: list backend;
   2. 查看组：list group;
   3. 查看链接池: list pool;
   4. 查看日志文件:tail -100f oneproxy.log

5. 多个数据库

1. OneProxy的use命令变成切换集群
2. OneProxy不支持数据库切换
   
   1. 程序里不可以有use命令(不良习惯)
3. 可以设定多个用户(不同的默认库)
   
   1. --proxy-user-list.1=user/pass@数据库名
   2. --proxy-user-list.2=user/pass@数据库名
4. 如果不指定,则默认的数据库名为
   
   1. --proxy-database (默认为test)

6. 连接回收

1. OneProxy 10秒钟检一次连接池。
2. 自动回收5分钟不使用的连接。

3. 要求数据库的超时设置大于300秒 + 10秒

   • 确认interactive_timeout设置 [mysqld]
   • 确认net_read_timeout设置
   • 确认net_write_timeout设置

7. 配置主从

proxy-master-addresses.1  = 192.168.2.190:3306@server1:2
proxy-master-addresses.2  = 192.168.2.190:3306@server1:1
proxy-slave-addresses.1  = 192.168.2.190:3306@server1:1
proxy-slave-addresses.2  = 192.168.2.190:3306@server1:1
proxy-slave-addresses.3  = 192.168.2.190:3306@server1:1

addresses.(1,2,3,4): 这代表指定多台主从，
server1:(1,2,3,4): 这个代表该节点的power, 可以理解为负载均衡中的weight值

8. 常用命令

COMMAND	SUMMARY	SAMPLE
LIST HELP	Display the command list.	list
LIST CHARSET	Display the charset list.	list charset
LIST POLICY	Display the traffic policy for server group.	list policy
LIST BACKEND	Display info for all the backends.	list backend
LIST SEQUENCE	Display info for all the sequences.	list sequence
LIST GROUP	Display info for all the server groups.	list group
LIST POOL	Display info for all the connection pools.	list pool
LIST THREADS	Display statitics data for all the threads.	list threads
LIST TABLEMAP	Display the map of tables and server groups.	list tablemap
LIST USERS	Display the user list.	list users
LIST SQLSTATS	Display the sql statistics.	list sqlstats
LIST TABSTATS	Display the table statistics.	list tabstats
LIST USERSTATS	Display the user statistics.	list userstats
LIST IPSTATS	Display the IP based perfstats .	list ipstats
LIST IPQOS	Display the IP based request for last 10 seconds .	list IPQOS
LIST DBQOS	Display the backend request for last 10 seconds .	list DBQOS
LIST IPTABSTATS	Display the IP based table statistics.	list iptabstats
LIST IPSQLSTATS	Display the IP based SQL statistics.	list ipsqlstats
LIST SQLTEXT	Display the sql text.	list sqltext
LIST DMLTEXT	Display the sql text of dml operation.	list dmltext
LIST NEWTEXT	Display the sql text gathered by runtime.	list newtext
LIST OLDTEXT	Display the sql text loaded by firewall.	list oldtext
LIST SQLFAIL	Display the failed sql in dry run.	list sqlfail
LIST BLACKSQL	Display the black sql text loaded by firewall.	list blacksql
LIST TRANS_DEBUG	Display the table map of transaction.	list trans_debug
LIST TABLES	Display the partition tables.	list tables
LIST PARTITIONS	Display the table partitions.	list partitions
LIST OPTION	Display the current options.	list option
SET MASTER	Set a given backend as master backend.	set master ‘192.168.1.119:3306’
SET SLAVE	Set a given backend as slave backend.	set slave ‘192.168.1.119:3306’
SET OFFLINE	Set a given backend as offline backend.	set offline ‘192.168.1.119:3306’
SET ONLINE	Set a given backend as online backend.	set online ‘192.168.1.119:3306’
SET POWER	Set the power/capacity number for a given backend.	set power ‘192.168.1.119:3306’ [1-5]
SET DBQOS	Set the QoS limit for a given backend.	set power ‘192.168.1.119:3306’ num
SET GPOLICY	Set a feature policy for given server group.	set gpolicy default 1
SET GMASTER	Set the master backend for given server group.	set gmaster default 1
SET GACCESS	Set the security level for given server group.	set gaccess default 1
SET GDELAY	Set the maximum slave delay for given server group.	set gdelay default 1
SET GMANUAL	Set manual master mode for given server group.	set gmanual default 1
SET POOLMIN	Set the min idle connections for given backend.	set poolmin ‘192.168.1.119:3306’ 5
SET POOLMAX	Set the max idle connections for given backend.	set poolmax ‘192.168.1.119:3306’ 300
SET SQLSTATS	Enable or disable the sql statistics feature.	set sqlstats on
SET IPSTATS	Clear the ip statistics data.	set ipstats clear
SET TABSTATS	Enable or disable the table statistics feature.	set tabstats on
SET USERSTATS	Enable or disable the user statistics feature.	set userstats on
SET TRANS_DEBUG	Enable or disable the transaction debug mode.	set trans_debug on
SET LOG_SQLERROR	Enable or disable the sql error log feature.	set log_sqlerror on
SET SQL_DEBUG	Enable or disable the sql debug mode.	set sql_debug on
SET SECURITY_LEVEL	set the security level of the proxy.	set security_level 0-maximum
SET SQL_FIREWALL	Enable or disable the SQL Firewall feature.	set sql_firewall on
SET DML_FIREWALL	Enable or disable the DML only Firewall feature.	set dml_firewall on
SET WATCH_MODE	Enable or disable the Firewall watch mode.	set watch_mode on
SET SQL_SIGNATURE	Enable or disable the SQL signature feature.	set sql_signature on
SET IP_FIREWALL	Enable or disable the IP Firewall feature.	set ip_firewall on
SET LOGIN_RESTRICT	Enable or disable the login restrict mode.	set login_restrict on
SET STRICT_POOLMAX	Enable or disable the stricted pool max mode.	set strict_poolmax on
SET UNSAFE_RESULT	Enalbe or disable the unsafe result operation.	set unsafe_group on
SET MULTI_INSERTS	Enalbe or disable cross partition operation.	set multi_inserts on
SET FORWARD_CLIENTIP	Comment the client ip into the SQL text.	set forward_clientip on
SET BLACKIP	Disable the access of specific ip address.	set blackip ‘192.168.0.1’
SET GREENIP	Enable the access of specific ip address.	set greenip ‘192.168.0.1’
SET READ_ONLY	Put a partition into read only mode.	set read_only ‘my_range_0’
SET READ_WRITE	Put a partition into writable mode.	set read_write ‘my_range_0’
SET PARALLEL_DEGREE	Set the maximum degree for parallel query.	set parallel_degree 8
SET PARALLEL_REQUESTS	Set the maximum requests for parallel query.	set parallel_requests 512
SET MAX_CACHE_ROWS	Set the maximum rows for cache resultset.	set max_cache_rows 8
SET MAX_IDLE_TIME	Set the maximum idle time for pooled connection.	set max_idle_time 60
ADD MASTER	Add a new master(rw) backend to oneproxy.	add master ‘192.168.1.120:3306@default’
ADD SLAVE	Add a new slave(ro) backend to oneproxy.	add slave ‘192.168.1.120:3306@default’
ADD SEQUENCE	Add a new sequence into oneproxy.	add sequence ‘seq_name’
SAVE TABLES	save partition tables to a text file.	save tables ‘/tmp/part.txt’
SAVE SQL	save sql list to a text file.	save sql ‘/tmp/firewall.sql’
SAVE BLACKSQL	save black sql list to a text file.	save blacksql ‘/tmp/blacksql.sql’
SAVE DML	save dml sql list to a text file.	save dml ‘/tmp/firewall_dml.sql’
SAVE NEW	save new sql list to a text file.	save new ‘/tmp/firewall_new.sql’
SAVE IP	save ip list to a text file.	save ip ‘/tmp/firewall.sql’
LOAD TABLES	load partition tables from text file.	load tables ‘/tmp/part.txt’
LOAD SQL	load firewall sql from text file.	load sql ‘/tmp/firewall.sql’
LOAD BLACKSQL	load black sql from text file.	load blacksql ‘/tmp/blacksql.sql’
LOAD IP	load firewall ip list from text file.	load ip ‘/tmp/firewall_ip.sql’
MAP	Map a table name to a given server group.	map my_test1_0 default
UNMAP	Remove the server gruop for a given table.	unmap my_test1_0
PASSWD	Encrypt the password of command options.	passwd test
SHUTDOWN	Shutdown the proxy.	shutdown force

9. 开发中的注意事项 (这个是在网上找的，可供参考)

1、不支持 Server Side Cursor 接口，比如 mysql C API 里的 Prepare、Bind、 Execute调用接口

2、不支持 use命令切换数据库

3、默认禁止 CALL, PREPARE, EXECUTE, DEALLOCATE 命令，也就是说不能用存储过程

4、单库（单实例）分表–insert/update/delete要加字段名，如insert into t1(id,name) values(1,’张三’);

5、单库（单实例）分表–目前分了N张表，如果以自增id做关联查询，那么每张表的自增id都是从1开始，在与其他表join关联查询时，数据会不准确

6、单库（单实例）分表–当where条件有分区列时，值不能有函数转换，也不能有算术表达式，必须是原子值，否则结果不准确

7、分库分表（多实例）–不支持垮库join，例如user_0表在10.0.0.1机器里，现在要join关联查询10.0.0.2机器里的money_detail表，不支持

8、分库分表（多实例）–不支持分布式事务，例如user_0表在10.0.0.1机器里，user_1表在10.0.0.2机器里，现在想同时update更新两张表，不支持

9、读写分离 –默认读操作全部访问slave，如果想强制走主库，例如涉及金钱类的查询操作，SQL改为select /master/ from t1 where id=1;

10、分库分表/分表 –where条件带分区列时，直接命中该表，如果未带分区列，会逐一扫描所有分表（单线程），考虑性能问题，要加并行查询（多线程），SQL改为select /parallel/ from t1 where name=’李四’; 并行查询会增加额外的CPU消耗

11、分表规则：支持range（范围）,hash（取模）,hash规则要提前规划好，具体分多少张表，如前期分64张表，1年后想扩容128张表，数据需要重新导出导入，成本非常高，目前二级分表还不支持。