mysql级联复制
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需求：三个服务器A->B->C级联主从
版本： 数据库 mysql 5.6_64bit_binary_install 操作系统： centos 6.5_x86_64bit
Master ： 192.168.0.180 =>主节点
slave1 : 192.168.0.18 =>中继节点
slave2 : 192.168.4.88
1: 管理iptables , selinux ，/etc/hosts 下主机IP 地址绑定
2： 配置 MY.CNF 相关参数
MAster 配置： my.cnf
[[email protected]master ~]$ cat /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
----------------
[mysqld]
port=3308
skip-name-resolve -- /* dns 反向解析时间 * grant 时，必须使用ip不能使用主机名 */
datadir=/cifpay/mysqldb
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
log-error=/cifpay/mysqldb/oracle11g.com.err
pid-file=/cifpay/mysqldb/oracle11g.com.pid
plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
# ----master-----#
#replicate-do-db
server_id=1 --/* 唯一标示 */
log-bin=/cifpay/mysql-bin.log
binlog-ignore-db=mysql --/* 复制 排除 mysql 库 */
sql-mode=NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION --/* 可以添加 用户 */
-------------------
Slave1(中继节点) 配置：
[[email protected]slave1 ~] $ cat /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
---------------
[mysqld]
port=3308
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/cifpay/mysqldb
log-error=/cifpay/mysqldb/dominic.mysql1.err
pid-file=/cifpay/mysqldb/dominic.mysql1.pid
plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin
# ----slave 1 -------#
#replicate-do-db
server-id=2
read_only=TURE
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
log_slave_updates=1 /* 关键一步 */
log-bin=/cifpay/mysql-bin.log
sql-mode=NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
------------------
Slave2 配置：
[[email protected]slave2 ~]$ cat /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
------------------------
[mysqld]
port=3308
server_id=3
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/cifpay/mysqldb
log-error=/cifpay/mysqldb/cifpay.rac1.err
pid-file=/cifpay/mysqldb/cifpay.rac1.pid
plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin
read_only=TURE
#replicate-do-db
sql-mode=NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
------------------------
注意：关于要复制多个数据库时，binlog-do-db和replicate-do-db选项的设置，网上很多人说是用半角逗号分隔，经过测试，这样的说法是错误的，MySQL官方文档也明确指出，如果要备份多个数据库，只要重复设置相应选项就可以了。
binlog-do-db=a
binlog-do-db=b
replicate-do-db=a
replicate-do-db=b
3 : 各mysql 数据库DB 创建对应的copy user 以及授权：注意， 最好用户分开，并授予 REPLICATION SLAVE 权限。
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]‘%‘ identified by ‘123456‘with grant option;
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| dominic |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select user,password,host from user;
+-------+-------------------------------------------+---------------+
| user | password | host |
+-------+-------------------------------------------+---------------+
| root | | localhost |
| root | | oracle11g.com |
| copy1 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | % |
| copy2 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | % |
+-------+-------------------------------------------+---------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
4 ： 重启Mster 库，使配置生效， 在主服务器上，设置读锁定有效，这个操作是为了确保没有数据库操作，以便获得 一个一致性的快照：
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
5 ：通过mysqldump 或者其他方式： 释放master 锁 及 slave 库恢复（约）
mysql> unlock tables;
6：启动Slave 1 （中继节点） ，通过 --skip-slave-start参数 或者 正常启动后，通过mysql > stop salve ;
对从数据库服务器做相应设置，指定复制使用的用户，主数据库服务器的 IP、端 口以及开始执行复制的日志文件和位置等，具体语法如下：
查看 master 节点 pos ：
mysql> show master status ; --Master
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000004 | 120 | | mysql | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO --Slave 1
-> MASTER_HOST=‘master_host_name‘, -->主机host(IP)
-> MASTER_USER=‘replication_user_name‘, -->复制的用户user( 如果是主从从，指定的复制用户必须不同）
-> MASTER_PASSWORD=‘replication_password‘, -->复制用户的密码
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘recorded_log_file_name‘, -->对应第5步的 file 编号。
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=recorded_log_position, -->对应的POS编号
-> MASTER_PORT=3308;
eg： 中继节点 Slave1 上执行
mysql> change master to
-> MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.0.180‘,
-> MASTER_USER=‘copy1‘,
-> MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123456‘,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000004‘,
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=120,
-> MASTER_PORT=3308;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.06 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status \G --查看slave 1 状态
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.180
Master_User: copy1
Master_Port: 3308
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 249
Relay_Log_File: dominic-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 412
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 249
Relay_Log_Space: 587
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 1fb88a50-81b1-11e4-95e4-080027a9d0f9
Master_Info_File: /cifpay/mysqldb/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
7 : 启动slave 2 通过 --skip-slave-start参数 或者 正常启动后，通过mysql > stop salve ;
mysql> show master status \g --查看Slave 1 对应pos 值：
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 431 | | mysql | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
[[email protected]slave2]$ /etc/init.d/mysqldb start --skip-slave-start
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!
[[email protected]slave2]$ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.21-enterprise-commercial-advanced MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> change master to
-> MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.0.18‘,
-> MASTER_USER=‘copy2‘,
-> MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123456‘,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000001‘,
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=302,
-> MASTER_PORT=3308;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.19 sec)
查看Slave2 节点状态：
mysql> show slave status \G --Slave2 节点
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.18
Master_User: copy2
Master_Port: 3308
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 302
Relay_Log_File: cifpay-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 302
Relay_Log_Space: 457
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 2
Master_UUID: 9b6fc45b-81b3-11e4-95f4-0800273e24cb
Master_Info_File: /cifpay/mysqldb/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
本文出自 “zpp” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://1439337369.blog.51cto.com/10270624/1910761
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