Java面向抽象，接口编程实验
Posted 康小庄
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- 设计一个动物声音“模拟器”，希望模拟器可以模拟许多动物的叫声，要求如下。
（1）编写一个接口Animal，Animal接口有2个抽象方法cry()和getAnimalName()，即要求实现该接口的各种具体的动物类给出自己的叫声和种类名称。
（2）编写模拟器类Simulator，该类有一个playSound(Animal animal)方法，该方法的参数是Animal类型。即参数animal可以调用实现Animal接口类重写的cry()方法播放具体动物的声音，调用重写的getAnimalName()方法显示动物种类的名称。
（3）编写实现Animal接口的Dog类和Cat类，下图是Simulator、Animal、Dog、Cat的UML图。
（4）编写主类Application（用户程序），在主类Application的main方法中至少包含如下代码：
Simulator simulator=new Simulator();
simulator.playSound(new Dog());
simulator.playSound(new Cat());
Animal
public abstract class Animal
abstract void cry();
abstract void getAnimalName();
Dog
public class Dog extends Animal
@Override
void cry()
System.out.println("我是小脑斧");
@Override
void getAnimalName()
System.out.println("我叫大黄");
Cat
public class Cat extends Animal
@Override
void cry()
System.out.println("我是小猫咪");
@Override
void getAnimalName()
System.out.println("我叫小喵");
Simulator
public class Simulator
public void playSound(Animal animal)
animal.cry();
animal.getAnimalName();
main
public static void main(String[] args)
System.out.println("----------------------");
Simulator simulator = new Simulator();
simulator.playSound(new Dog());
simulator.playSound(new Cat());
2. 设计一个简单的学校人事管理系统,管理教师和学生信息。实现教师与学生基本信息的添加、删除、修改、查询。其中编号、姓名、性别、出生日期为共有的，教师包括部门、职称、工资；学生包括高考分数、专业field、班级等。
BasicInfo
public class BasicInfo
private int id;
private String name;
private String gender;
private String birthday;
public BasicInfo(int id, String name, String gender, String birthday)
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.gender = gender;
this.birthday = birthday;
public int getId()
return id;
public void setId(int id)
this.id = id;
public String getName()
return name;
public void setName(String name)
this.name = name;
public String getGender()
return gender;
public void setGender(String gender)
this.gender = gender;
public String getBirthday()
return birthday;
public void setBirthday(String birthday)
this.birthday = birthday;
Student
public class Student extends BasicInfo
private int grade;
private int classes;
private String field;
public Student(int id, String name, String gender, String birthday)
super(id, name, gender, birthday);
public Student(int id, String name, String gender, String birthday, int grade, int classes, String field)
super(id, name, gender, birthday);
this.grade = grade;
this.classes = classes;
this.field = field;
public int getGrade()
return grade;
public void setGrade(int grade)
this.grade = grade;
public int getClasses()
return classes;
public void setClasses(int classes)
this.classes = classes;
public String getField()
return field;
public void getField(String professional)
this.field = field;
public void show()
System.out.println("编号：" + super.getId() + "，姓名：" + super.getName() + "，性别：" + super.getGender() + "，出生日期："
+ super.getBirthday() + "，高考分数：" + grade + "，专业：" + field + "，班级：" + classes);
Teacher
public class Teacher extends BasicInfo
private String department;
private String job;
private double salary;
public Teacher(int id, String name, String gender, String birthday)
super(id, name, gender, birthday);
public Teacher(int id, String name, String gender, String birthday, String department, String job, double salary)
super(id, name, gender, birthday);
this.department = department;
this.job = job;
this.salary = salary;
public String getDepartment()
return department;
public void setDepartment(String department)
this.department = department;
public String getJob()
return job;
public void setJob(String job)
this.job = job;
public double getSalary()
return salary;
public void setSalary(double salary)
this.salary = salary;
public void show()
System.out.println("编号：" + super.getId() + "，姓名：" + super.getName() + "，性别：" + super.getGender() + "，出生日期："
+ super.getBirthday() + "，部门名称：" + department + "，职称：" + job + "，薪水：" + salary);
SchoolManagerSystem
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class SchoolManagerSystem
public static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
// 创建集合对象，用于存储学生数据
static ArrayList<Student> array = new ArrayList<Student>();
// 创建集合对象，用于存储老师数据
static ArrayList<Teacher> teacherArray = new ArrayList<Teacher>();
public static void main(String[] args)
// 用Scanner实现键盘录入数据
boolean flag = true;
if (flag)
System.out.println("----欢迎来到学校人事管理系统,请先登录----");
// 用循环完成再次回到主界面
while (true)
// 用输出语句完成主界面的编写
// 1,庄康,男,2001年,800,1,计算机
// 1,庄康,男,2001年,北京,经理,3400.00
System.out.println("请根据对应序号进行选择");
System.out.println("1 添加信息");
System.out.println("2 删除信息");
System.out.println("3 修改信息");
System.out.println("4 查看信息");
System.out.println("5 退出");
System.out.println("请输入你的选择：");
String line = sc.nextLine();
// 用switch语句完成操作的选择
switch (line)
case "1":
chooseAdd(array, teacherArray);
break;
case "2":
chooseDelete(array, teacherArray);
break;
case "3":
chooseUpdate(array, teacherArray);
break;
case "4":
chooseFindAll(array, teacherArray);
break;
case "5":
System.out.println("谢谢使用");
System.exit(0); // JVM退出
default:
System.out.println("没有对应的操作,请重新选择");
public static void chooseAdd(ArrayList<Student> array, ArrayList<Teacher> teacherArray)
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("输入添加的类别 1 添加学生 2 添加老师");
if (sc.nextInt() == 1)
addStudent(array);
else
addTeacher(teacherArray);
public static void chooseDelete(ArrayList<Student> array, ArrayList<Teacher> teacherArray)
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("输入删除的类别 1 删除学生 2 删除老师");
if (sc.nextInt() == 1)
deleteStudent(array);
else
deleteTeacher(teacherArray);
public static void chooseUpdate(ArrayList<Student> array, ArrayList<Teacher> teacherArray)
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("输入更新的类别 1 更新学生 2 更新老师");
if (sc.nextInt() == 1)
updateStudent(array);
else
updateTeacher(teacherArray);
public static void chooseFindAll(ArrayList<Student> array, ArrayList<Teacher> teacherArray)
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("输入查找的类别 1 查找学生 2 查找老师");
if (sc.nextInt() == 1)
findAllStudent(array);
else
findAllTeacher(teacherArray);
// 定义一个方法，用于修改学生信息
public static void updateStudent(ArrayList<Student> array)
if (array == null || array.size() == 0)
System.out.println("没有数据,请先添加再进行修改");
return;
// 调用查询所有
findAllStudent(array);
// 键盘录入要修改的学生学号，显示提示信息
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要修改的学生的学号：");
int id = sc.nextInt();
boolean b = false;
// 遍历集合修改对应的学生信息
for (int i = 0; i < array.size(); i++)
Student student = array.get(i);
if (student.getId() == id)
student.show();
System.out.println("输入学生信息并用,分隔: 编号,姓名,性别,生日,分数,班级,专业");
Scanner sc2 = new Scanner(System.in);
String[] strings = sc2.nextLine().split(",");
// 键盘录入要修改的学生信息
int updateId = Integer.parseInt(strings[0]);
String name = strings[1];
String gender = strings[2];
String bir = strings[3];
int grade = Integer.parseInt(strings[4]);
int classes = Integer.parseInt(strings[5]);
String pro = strings[6];
Student newStudent = new Student(updateId, name, gender, bir, grade, classes, pro);
array.set(i, newStudent);
// 给出修改成功提示
System.out.println("修改学生成功");
b = true;
break;
if (b)
// 调用查询所有方法
findAllStudent(array);
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
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