集装箱的“身份标记”"Identity mark" of container

Posted 2021-04-29 津采国际物流

集装箱是跨境物流过程中的关键运输载体，有效管理至关重要，而为了便于集装箱在国际运输中的识别、管理和交接，便于单据编制和信息传输，国际标准化组织颁布了《集装箱的代号、识别和标记》（ISO6346-1995)，该标准明确地规定了集装箱的内容、标记字体的尺寸、标记的位置等。按此标准，集装箱标记可分为必备标记和自选标记两类。由于“必备标记”是集装箱都需要标记的内容，下面就来着重科普下。

The container is the key transport carrier in the process of cross-border logistics, and effective management is essential. In order to facilitate the identification, management and handover of the container in the international transportation, and facilitate the preparation of documents and information transmission, the international organization for standardization issued the code, identification and marking of the container (ISO6346-1995), which clearly specifies the content of the container and the scale of the marking font Inch, mark position, etc. According to this standard, container marking can be divided into two categories: mandatory marking and optional marking. As "necessary marking" is the content that containers need to be marked, we will focus on science popularization below.

国际标准化组织规定的标记有必备标记和自选标记两类，每一类标记中又分识别标记和作业标记。具体来说，集装箱上有箱主代号；箱号或顺序号、核对号；集装箱尺寸及类型代号。

一、必备标记

1．识别标记。它包括箱主代号，设备识别代号、顺序号及核对数字组成。
（１）箱主代号(Owner Code)。是集装箱所有人向国际集装箱局登记注册的三个大写的拉丁文字母表示，比如马士基集团自有箱的箱主代号之一是“MSK”。
（２）设备识别代号。是紧接着箱主代号的第四位字母，用以表示集装箱的类型，最常见的是“U”，用于表示所有常规的集装箱。另外“J”表示带有可拆卸的集装箱，“Z”表示集装箱的拖车和底盘车。
（３）顺序号，又称“箱号”或“箱体注册码”（Registration Code），由6位阿拉伯字母组成。如有效数字不是6位时，则在有效数字前用 “0” 补足6位以区别于同一箱主的集装箱，如 “053842”。
（４）核对数字。又称“校验码”（Check Digit），核对数字是用来验证箱主代号和顺序号记录是否准确的依据，经计算机处理所得。它位于顺序号后，以一位阿拉伯数字加一方框表示。

There are two kinds of marks stipulated by the international organization for Standardization: necessary marks and optional marks. Each kind of marks is divided into identification marks and operation marks. Specifically, the container has the container master code, the container number or sequence number, check number, container size and type code.

1、 Mandatory Tags

1. Identification mark. It consists of main box code, equipment identification code, sequence number and check number.

(1) Owner code. It is the Latin letter of three capitals registered by the container owner with the international container Bureau. For example, one of the master codes of the containers owned by Maersk Group is "MSK".

(2) Equipment identification code. Is the fourth letter next to the container master code to indicate the type of container, the most common is "U" to indicate all conventional containers. In addition, "J" refers to the container with detachable, and "Z" refers to the trailer and chassis of the container.

(3) The sequence number, also known as "box number" or "registration code", is composed of 6 Arabic letters. If the significant number is not 6 digits, then fill 6 digits with "0" before the significant number to distinguish it from the main container of the same container, such as "053842".

(4) Check the figures. Also known as "check digit", the check digit is used to verify whether the main code and sequence number record of the box are accurate, and it is obtained by computer processing. It is placed after the sequence number and is indicated by an Arabic number and a box.

2.作业标记。它包括以下三个内容：

（1）额定重量和自定重量标记。额定重量即集装箱总重，自重即集装箱空箱质量（或空箱重量），应以公斤（kg) 和磅（lb) 同时表示；

2. Operation mark. It includes the following three contents:

(1) Rated weight and self weight mark. The rated weight is the total weight of the container, and the dead weight is the weight of the empty container (or the weight of the empty container), which shall be expressed in kilograms (kg) and pounds (LB) at the same time;

（2）空陆水联运集装箱标记。由于该集装箱的强度仅能堆码两层。因而国际标准化组织对该集装箱规定了特殊的标志，该标记为黑色，位于侧壁和端壁的左上角，并规定标记的最小尺寸为：高127mm，长355mm，字母标记的字体高度至少为76mm；

(2) Air land water intermodal container marking. Because the strength of the container can only stack two layers. Therefore, the international organization for standardization has specified a special mark for the container, which is black, located in the upper left corner of the side wall and the end wall, and the minimum size of the mark is: 127mm high, 355mm long, and the font height of the letter mark is at least 76mm；

（3）登箱顶触电警告标记。该标记为黄色底各色三角形，一般设在罐式集装箱和位于登箱顶扶梯处，以警告登梯者有触电危险。

(3) Warning sign of electric shock on the top of the box. The sign is yellow with various colors and triangles. It is generally set at the tank container and the ladder on the top of the box to warn the climber of electric shock.

二、自选标记
1. 识别标记。它包括：
（1）国家和地区代号，如中国用CN ，美国用US；
（2）尺寸和类型代号（箱型代码）。
2. 作业标记。它包括：
（1）超高标记，该标记为在黄色底上标出黑色数字和边框，此标记贴在集装箱每侧的左下角，距箱底约0.6m处，同时该贴在集装箱主要标记的下方。凡高度超过2.6m的集装箱应贴上此标记；

2、 Optional tag

1. Identification mark. It includes:

(1) Country and region codes, such as CN for China and us for the United States;

(2) Size and type code (box type code).

2. Operation mark. It includes:

(1) Super elevation mark, which is marked with black numbers and frame on the Yellow bottom, is pasted on the lower left corner of each side of the container, about 0.6m away from the bottom of the container, and is pasted under the main mark of the container. The container with height more than 2.6m shall be labeled with this mark;

（2）国际铁路联盟标记。凡符合《国际铁路联盟条列》规定的集装箱，可以获得此标记。该标志是在欧洲铁路上运输集装箱的必要通行标志。上部“ic”表示国际铁路联盟，下部的数字表示各铁路公司的代码。对于超重（总重超过30.48t）的集装箱，应设“SUPER HEAVY”的三角形超重标记。

(2) International Union of railways. This mark can be obtained for containers complying with the provisions of the international railway union. This sign is necessary for the transport of containers on European Railways. The upper "IC" represents the international railway union and the lower number represents the code of each railway company. For containers that are overweight (with a total weight of more than 30.48t), triangle overweight mark of "super heavy" shall be set.

三、通行标记
集装箱在运输过程中能顺利的通过或进入它过境，箱上必须贴有按规定要求的各种通行标志，否则，必须办理繁琐证明手续，延长了集装箱的周转时间。
集装箱上主要的通行标记有；安全合格牌照、集装箱批准牌照、防虫处理板、检验合格徽及国际铁路联盟标记等。

3、 Traffic sign

In the process of transportation, the container can pass through or enter into its transit smoothly. The container must be pasted with all kinds of traffic signs according to the requirements. Otherwise, it must go through complicated certification procedures to extend the turnover time of the container.

The main traffic signs on the container are: safety license plate, container approval license plate, anti insect treatment plate, inspection qualification badge, international railway union mark, etc.