Ubuntu使用总结

Posted 八级地震

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1、root密码随机生成,设置时,由普通用户登入后,使用命令修改:

sudo passwd

2、网络配置文件:/etc/network/interfaces

sshusr@CountryLib:~$ cat /etc/network/interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system

# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).


# The loopback network interface

auto lo

iface lo inet loopback


# The primary network interface

auto eth0

iface eth0 inet dhcp


# The secondary network interface for local host access

auto eth1

iface eth1 inet static

address 192.168.56.2

network 255.255.255.0 

sshusr@CountryLib:~$ 


# The secondary network interface for brige access

auto eth1

iface eth1 inet dhcp 

sshusr@CountryLib:~$

需要选择宿主机使用的网卡


3、使root可以远程登录

默认Ubuntu禁止root帐号远程登录,启用方法:

/etc/ssh/sshd_config

注释掉:

PermitRootLogin without-password

并增加:

PermitRootLogin yes

如:

...

#PermitRootLogin without-password

PermitRootLogin yes

...

然后重启ssh服务:

service ssh restart


4、和CentOS在包管理上的使用差异:

a、yum install = apt-get install

b、yum search = apt-cache search



5、更新ubuntu的软件源为国内的服务器,此处为网易的::

sshusr@CountryLib:~$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup 

[sudo] password for sshusr: 

sshusr@CountryLib:~$ sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list(全部删除原来的,直接用下面的内容替换)

sshusr@CountryLib:~$ sudo apt-get update


源列表可以参考:http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/%E6%BA%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse



一些有用的软件包:

1、直接拖文件到xshell中就可以直接上传:

sudo apt-get install lrzsz

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