Https and Golang

Posted 2021-04-25 呼叫地瓜

Every Site on HTTPS

Caddy is a general-purpose HTTP/2 web server that serves HTTPS by default.

Download · Documentation · Community

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Caddy is fast, easy to use, and makes you more productive.

Available for Windows, Mac, Linux, BSD, Solaris, and android.

Menu

• Features

• Install

• Quick Start

• Running in Production

• Contributing

• Donors

• About the Project

Features

• Easy configuration with the Caddyfile

• Automatic HTTPS on by default (via Let's Encrypt)

• HTTP/2 by default

• Virtual hosting so multiple sites just work

• Experimental QUIC support for those that like speed

• TLS session ticket key rotation for more secure connections

• Extensible with plugins because a convenient web server is a helpful one

• Runs anywhere with no external dependencies (not even libc)

There's way more, too! See all features built into Caddy. On top of all those, Caddy does even more with plugins: choose which plugins you want at download.

Install

Caddy binaries have no dependencies and are available for every platform. Get Caddy any one of these ways:

• Download page allows you to customize your build in the browser

• Latest release for pre-built, vanilla binaries

Build

To build from source you need Git and Go (1.8 or newer). Follow these instruction for fast building:

• Get source go get github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy and then run go get github.com/caddyserver/builds

• Now cd to $GOPATH/src/github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy and run go run build.go

Then make sure the caddy binary is in your PATH.

Quick Start

To serve static files from the current working directory, run:

caddy

Caddy's default port is 2015, so open your browser to http://localhost:2015.

Go from 0 to HTTPS in 5 seconds

If the caddy binary has permission to bind to low ports and your domain name's DNS records point to the machine you're on:

caddy -host example.com

This command serves static files from the current directory over HTTPS. Certificates are automatically obtained and renewed for you!

Customizing your site

To customize how your site is served, create a file named Caddyfile by your site and paste this into it:

localhost

push
browse
websocket /echo cat
ext    .html
log    /var/log/access.log
proxy  /api 127.0.0.1:7005
header /api Access-Control-Allow-Origin *

When you run caddy in that directory, it will automatically find and use that Caddyfile.

This simple file enables server push (via Link headers), allows directory browsing (for folders without an index file), hosts a WebSocket echo server at /echo, serves clean URLs, logs requests to an access log, proxies all API requests to a backend on port 7005, and adds the coveted Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * header for all responses from the API.

Wow! Caddy can do a lot with just a few lines.

Doing more with Caddy

To host multiple sites and do more with the Caddyfile, please see the Caddyfile tutorial.

Sites with qualifying hostnames are served over HTTPS by default.

Caddy has a command line interface. Run caddy -h to view basic help or see the CLI documentation for details.

Running in Production

Caddy is production-ready if you find it to be a good fit for your site and workflow.

Running as root: We advise against this. You can still listen on ports < 1024 on Linux using setcap like so: sudo setcap cap_net_bind_service=+ep ./caddy

The Caddy project does not officially maintain any system-specific integrations nor suggest how to administer your own system. But your download file includes unofficial resources contributed by the community that you may find helpful for running Caddy in production.

How you choose to run Caddy is up to you. Many users are satisfied with nohup caddy &. Others use screen. Users who need Caddy to come back up after reboots either do so in the script that caused the reboot, add a command to an init script, or configure a service with their OS.

If you have questions or concerns about Caddy' underlying crypto implementations, consult Go's crypto packages, starting with their documentation, then issues, then the code itself; as Caddy uses mainly those libraries.

Contributing

Join our forum where you can chat with other Caddy users and developers! To get familiar with the code base, try Caddy code search on Sourcegraph!

Please see our contributing guidelines for instructions. If you want to write a plugin, check out the developer wiki.

We use GitHub issues and pull requests only for discussing bug reports and the development of specific changes. We welcome all other topics on the forum!

If you want to contribute to the documentation, please submit pull requests to caddyserver/website.

Thanks for making Caddy -- and the Web -- better!

Donors

• DigitalOcean is hosting the Caddy project.

• DNSimple provides DNS services for Caddy's sites.

• DNS Spy keeps an eye on Caddy's DNS properties.

We thank them for their services. If you want to help keep Caddy free, please become a sponsor!

About the Project

Caddy was born out of the need for a "batteries-included" web server that runs anywhere and doesn't have to take its configuration with it. Caddy took inspiration from spark, nginx, lighttpd, Websocketd and Vagrant, which provides a pleasant mixture of features from each of them.

The name "Caddy": The name of the software is "Caddy", not "Caddy Server" or "CaddyServer". Please call it "Caddy" or, if you wish to clarify, "the Caddy web server". See brand guidelines.

Author on Twitter: @mholt6

https://caddyserver.com/

The Most Beloved Server

Caddy and Let's Encrypt is pretty incredible. A 3-line config file yields a fully A-rated SSL site. Trivial!  John Resig 
Creator of jQuery 
Link

I both love and hate how my website has a better TLS setup than my bank because of Caddy.  Kevin Froman 
Link

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Recommended by Experts

Caddy is praised by researchers and industry experts for its security defaults and unparalleled usability.

USENIX 2017

"TLS must be enabled by default ... and the Caddy web server is a good and usable example..."

NY LUG 2016

"Caddy is impressive. This is what we want, setting up a secure website."

—Josh Aas
Executive Director, ISRG

ACM IMC 2016

"No popular server software does [session ticket key rotation], with the exception of the most recent release of Caddy."

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How to Use Caddy

1. Make a Caddyfile

The Caddyfile is a text file that configures Caddy. It's designed to be easy to type and hard to get wrong.

The first line of the Caddyfile is always the address(es) of the site to serve.

You can define as many sites as you want; Caddy supports virtual hosting and lots of other features!

matt.life   # Your site's addressext .html   # Clean URLserrors error.log {       # Error log    404 error-404.html   # Custom error page}# php backendfastcgi /blog localhost:9000 php# API load balancerproxy /api localhost:5001 localhost:5002

2. Run Caddy

All you have to do is run caddy and voilà! Caddy automatically loads your Caddyfile if it's in the same folder. For production sites, HTTPS is on by default!

caddy Activating privacy features... done. http://matt.life https://matt.life_

3. Open your Browser

Type your site's address to see it in action. Live sites are redirected to HTTPS for you.

Caddy is great for building sites at home or work, and for serving sites in production. Try it out!

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