socket get请求 获取天气信息

Posted 2021-04-25 风的方向

 什么是socket套接字

socket套接字可以看成是两个网络应用程序进行通信时，各自通信连接中的一个端点。通信时，其中的一个网络应用程序将要传输的一段信息写入它所在主机的Socket中，该Socket通过网络接口卡的传输介质将这段信息发送给另一台主机的Socket中，使这段信息能传送到其他程序中。因此，两个应用程序之间的数据传输要通过套接字来完成。

 怎么获取天气信息

 网络上有很多免费的开放性api接口供开发者查询，这是我在某网站上找到的一个天气查询接口t.weather.sojson.com/api/weather/city/101200601

后面的数字是城市代码。下面是所有城市的代码

北京:101010100朝阳:101010300顺义:101010400怀柔:101010500通州:101010600昌平:101010700延庆:101010800丰台:101010900石景山:101011000大兴:101011100房山:101011200密云:101011300门头沟:101011400平谷:101011500八达岭:101011600佛爷顶:101011700汤河口:101011800密云上甸子:101011900斋堂:101012000霞云岭:101012100北京城区:101012200海淀:101010200天津:101030100宝坻:101030300东丽:101030400西青:101030500北辰:101030600蓟县:101031400汉沽:101030800静海:101030900津南:101031000塘沽:101031100大港:101031200武清:101030200宁河:101030700上海:101020100宝山:101020300嘉定:101020500南汇:101020600浦东:101021300青浦:101020800松江:101020900奉贤:101021000崇明:101021100徐家汇:101021200闵行:101020200金山:101020700石家庄:101090101张家口:101090301承德:101090402唐山:101090501秦皇岛:101091101沧州:101090701衡水:101090801邢台:101090901邯郸:101091001保定:101090201廊坊:101090601郑州:101180101新乡:101180301许昌:101180401平顶山:101180501信阳:101180601南阳:101180701开封:101180801洛阳:101180901商丘:101181001焦作:101181101鹤壁:101181201濮阳:101181301周口:101181401漯河:101181501驻马店:101181601三门峡:101181701济源:101181801安阳:101180201合肥:101220101芜湖:101220301淮南:101220401马鞍山:101220501安庆:101220601宿州:101220701阜阳:101220801亳州:101220901黄山:101221001滁州:101221101淮北:101221201铜陵:101221301宣城:101221401六安:101221501巢湖:101221601池州:101221701蚌埠:101220201杭州:101210101舟山:101211101湖州:101210201嘉兴:101210301金华:101210901绍兴:101210501台州:101210601温州:101210701丽水:101210801衢州:101211001宁波:101210401重庆:101040100合川:101040300南川:101040400江津:101040500万盛:101040600渝北:101040700北碚:101040800巴南:101040900长寿:101041000黔江:101041100万州天城:101041200万州龙宝:101041300涪陵:101041400开县:101041500城口:101041600云阳:101041700巫溪:101041800奉节:101041900巫山:101042000潼南:101042100垫江:101042200梁平:101042300忠县:101042400石柱:101042500大足:101042600荣昌:101042700铜梁:101042800璧山:101042900丰都:101043000武隆:101043100彭水:101043200綦江:101043300酉阳:101043400秀山:101043600沙坪坝:101043700永川:101040200福州:101230101泉州:101230501漳州:101230601龙岩:101230701晋江:101230509南平:101230901厦门:101230201宁德:101230301莆田:101230401三明:101230801兰州:101160101平凉:101160301庆阳:101160401武威:101160501金昌:101160601嘉峪关:101161401酒泉:101160801天水:101160901武都:101161001临夏:101161101合作:101161201白银:101161301定西:101160201张掖:101160701广州:101280101惠州:101280301梅州:101280401汕头:101280501深圳:101280601珠海:101280701佛山:101280800肇庆:101280901湛江:101281001江门:101281101河源:101281201清远:101281301云浮:101281401潮州:101281501东莞:101281601中山:101281701阳江:101281801揭阳:101281901茂名:101282001汕尾:101282101韶关:101280201南宁:101300101柳州:101300301来宾:101300401桂林:101300501梧州:101300601防城港:101301401贵港:101300801玉林:101300901百色:101301001钦州:101301101河池:101301201北海:101301301崇左:101300201贺州:101300701贵阳:101260101安顺:101260301都匀:101260401兴义:101260906铜仁:101260601毕节:101260701六盘水:101260801遵义:101260201凯里:101260501昆明:101290101红河:101290301文山:101290601玉溪:101290701楚雄:101290801普洱:101290901昭通:101291001临沧:101291101怒江:101291201香格里拉:101291301丽江:101291401德宏:101291501景洪:101291601大理:101290201曲靖:101290401保山:101290501呼和浩特:101080101乌海:101080301集宁:101080401通辽:101080501阿拉善左旗:101081201鄂尔多斯:101080701临河:101080801锡林浩特:101080901呼伦贝尔:101081000乌兰浩特:101081101包头:101080201赤峰:101080601南昌:101240101上饶:101240301抚州:101240401宜春:101240501鹰潭:101241101赣州:101240701景德镇:101240801萍乡:101240901新余:101241001九江:101240201吉安:101240601武汉:101200101黄冈:101200501荆州:101200801宜昌:101200901恩施:101201001十堰:101201101神农架:101201201随州:101201301荆门:101201401天门:101201501仙桃:101201601潜江:101201701襄樊:101200201鄂州:101200301孝感:101200401黄石:101200601咸宁:101200701成都:101270101自贡:101270301绵阳:101270401南充:101270501达州:101270601遂宁:101270701广安:101270801巴中:101270901泸州:101271001宜宾:101271101内江:101271201资阳:101271301乐山:101271401眉山:101271501凉山:101271601雅安:101271701甘孜:101271801阿坝:101271901德阳:101272001广元:101272101攀枝花:101270201银川:101170101中卫:101170501固原:101170401石嘴山:101170201吴忠:101170301西宁:101150101黄南:101150301海北:101150801果洛:101150501玉树:101150601海西:101150701海东:101150201海南:101150401济南:101120101潍坊:101120601临沂:101120901菏泽:101121001滨州:101121101东营:101121201威海:101121301枣庄:101121401日照:101121501莱芜:101121601聊城:101121701青岛:101120201淄博:101120301德州:101120401烟台:101120501济宁:101120701泰安:101120801西安:101110101延安:101110300榆林:101110401铜川:101111001商洛:101110601安康:101110701汉中:101110801宝鸡:101110901咸阳:101110200渭南:101110501太原:101100101临汾:101100701运城:101100801朔州:101100901忻州:101101001长治:101100501大同:101100201阳泉:101100301晋中:101100401晋城:101100601吕梁:101101100乌鲁木齐:101130101石河子:101130301昌吉:101130401吐鲁番:101130501库尔勒:101130601阿拉尔:101130701阿克苏:101130801喀什:101130901伊宁:101131001塔城:101131101哈密:101131201和田:101131301阿勒泰:101131401阿图什:101131501博乐:101131601克拉玛依:101130201拉萨:101140101山南:101140301阿里:101140701昌都:101140501那曲:101140601日喀则:101140201林芝:101140401台北县:101340101高雄:101340201台中:101340401海口:101310101三亚:101310201东方:101310202临高:101310203澄迈:101310204儋州:101310205昌江:101310206白沙:101310207琼中:101310208定安:101310209屯昌:101310210琼海:101310211文昌:101310212保亭:101310214万宁:101310215陵水:101310216西沙:101310217南沙岛:101310220乐东:101310221五指山:101310222琼山:101310102长沙:101250101株洲:101250301衡阳:101250401郴州:101250501常德:101250601益阳:101250700娄底:101250801邵阳:101250901岳阳:101251001张家界:101251101怀化:101251201黔阳:101251301永州:101251401吉首:101251501湘潭:101250201南京:101190101镇江:101190301苏州:101190401南通:101190501扬州:101190601宿迁:101191301徐州:101190801淮安:101190901连云港:101191001常州:101191101泰州:101191201无锡:101190201盐城:101190701哈尔滨:101050101牡丹江:101050301佳木斯:101050401绥化:101050501黑河:101050601双鸭山:101051301伊春:101050801大庆:101050901七台河:101051002鸡西:101051101鹤岗:101051201齐齐哈尔:101050201大兴安岭:101050701长春:101060101延吉:101060301四平:101060401白山:101060901白城:101060601辽源:101060701松原:101060801吉林:101060201通化:101060501沈阳:101070101鞍山:101070301抚顺:101070401本溪:101070501丹东:101070601葫芦岛:101071401营口:101070801阜新:101070901辽阳:101071001铁岭:101071101朝阳:101071201盘锦:101071301大连:101070201锦州:101070701

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api接收到的信息

 我们可以直接浏览器访问api接口，获取到的文本字段的信息，从里面可以采集到非常多的天气信息。

 下面是程序需要的代码

 本代码在codeblock下运行。需要添加

  编译参数需要加上 -lws2_32

#include  <stdio.h>

#include  <winsock.h>

#include  <string.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using  namespace std;

string recvStr;

int findstr(string str,string ser,int *n)

{

int t1=0;

while(*n<str.length())

{

if(str[*n]==ser[t1])t1++;

else{if(t1)(*n)-=t1,t1=0;}

if(t1>=ser.length())

{

(*n)-=t1-2;

return *n-1;

}

(*n)++;

}

return -1;

}

 int findfile(FILE*fp, const char*str)

{

char ch;

int t1=0;

while(!feof(fp))

{

ch=fgetc(fp);

//printf("%d\n",ftell(fp));

if(ch==str[t1])t1++;

else{

if(t1){

if(feof(fp))return -1;

fseek(fp,-t1,SEEK_CUR),

t1=0;}

}

if(t1>=strlen(str))

{fseek(fp,-t1+1,SEEK_CUR);

return ftell(fp)-1;}

}

return -1;

}

void UTF8_to_GB2312(const char* utf8, string& gb2312_str)

{

    int len = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, utf8, -1, NULL, 0);

    wchar_t* wstr = new wchar_t[len+1];

    memset(wstr, 0, len+1);

    MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, utf8, -1, wstr, len);

    len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wstr, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);

    char* str = new char[len+1];

    memset(str, 0, len+1);

    WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wstr, -1, str, len, NULL, NULL);

    delete[] wstr;

    gb2312_str = str;

    delete[] str;

    return;

}

void GB2312_to_UTF8(const char* gb2312, string& utf8_str)

{

    int len = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, gb2312, -1, NULL, 0);

    wchar_t* wstr = new wchar_t[len+1];

    memset(wstr, 0, len+1);

    MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, gb2312, -1, wstr, len);

    len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wstr, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);

    char* str = new char[len+1];

    memset(str, 0, len+1);

    WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wstr, -1, str, len, NULL, NULL);

    delete[] wstr;

    utf8_str = str;

    delete[] str;

    return;

}

void geturl(char *url)

{

    WSADATA WSAData={0};

    SOCKET    sockfd;

    struct sockaddr_in    addr;

    struct hostent    *pURL;

    char    myurl[BUFSIZ];

    char    *pHost = 0;

    char    host[BUFSIZ], GET[BUFSIZ];

    char    header[BUFSIZ] = "";

    static char    text[BUFSIZ];

    /*

    *    windows下使用socket必须用WSAStartup初始化，否则不能调用

    */

    if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &WSAData))

    {

        printf("WSA failed\n");

        return;

    }

    /*

    */

    strcpy(myurl, url);

    for (pHost = myurl; *pHost != '/' && *pHost != '\0'; ++pHost);

    if((int)(pHost-myurl)==strlen(myurl))

        strcpy(GET, "/");

    else

        strcpy(GET, pHost);

    *pHost = '\0';

    strcpy(host, myurl);

    printf("%s\n%s\n", host, GET);

    /*

    *    设定socket参数,并未真正初始化

    */

    sockfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);

    pURL = gethostbyname(host);

    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;

    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = *((unsigned long*)pURL->h_addr);

    addr.sin_port = htons(80);

    /*

    *    组织发送到web服务器的信息

    *    为何要发送下面的信息请参考HTTP协议的约定

    */

    strcat(header, "GET ");

    strcat(header, GET);

    strcat(header, " HTTP/1.1\r\n");

    strcat(header, "HOST: ");

    strcat(header, host);

    //strcat(header, "\r\nUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.3) Gecko/20100401 Firefox/3.6.3\r\n");

    //strcat(header,"Accept-Language: zn-CH,zn;q=0.5\r\n");

     //strcat(header,"Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate\r\n");

    strcat(header, "\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n");

    /*

    *    连接到服务器，发送请求header，并接受反馈（即网页源代码）

    */

    connect(sockfd,(SOCKADDR *)&addr,sizeof(addr));

    send(sockfd, header, strlen(header), 0);

//FILE * Fp=fopen("temp.txt","w+");//打开可读写文件，若文件存在则文件长度清为零，即该文件内容会消失。若文件不存在则建立该文件。

FILE * Fp=fopen("temp.txt","w+");//以附加方式打开可读写的文件。若文件不存在，则会建立该文件，如果文件存在，写入的数据会被加到文件尾后，即文件原先的内容会被保留。（原来的EOF符不保留）

    while ( recv(sockfd, text, BUFSIZ, 0) > 0)

    {

        UTF8_to_GB2312(text,recvStr);

        fseek(Fp,0,2);

        fwrite(recvStr.c_str(),recvStr.length(),1,Fp);

        //fwrite("ok ",sizeof("ok "),1,Fp);

        // cout <<recvStr;

        recvStr.clear();

        //printf("%s", text);

        //strnset(text, '\0', BUFSIZ);

    }

    closesocket(sockfd);

fclose(Fp);

    WSACleanup();

}

int main()

{

    char    url[256];

    char  data[256]="";

    int fstart=0;

    int fend=0;

    //https://www.sojson.com/api/weather.html

   // printf("http://");

    strcpy(url,"t.weather.sojson.com/api/weather/city/101200101");

    geturl(url);

    FILE * Fp=fopen("temp.txt","r");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"time");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"city\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"updateTime\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,"}");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"shidu\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"pm25\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"pm10\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"quality\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"wendu\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"ganmao\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"high\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"low\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"ymd\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"week\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"fx\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"fl\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"type\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,",");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fstart=findfile(Fp,"notice\"");

fend=findfile(Fp,"}");

fseek(Fp,fstart-1,0);

fread(data,fend-fstart+1,1,Fp);

cout<<data<<endl; strcpy(data,"                            ");

fclose(Fp);

    return 0;

}

程序运行效果