常用加密解密——对称加密
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本文主要介绍常用的对称加密算法的Java实现
先添加依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
<artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
<version>1.60</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
<artifactId>bcpkix-jdk15on</artifactId>
<version>1.60</version>
</dependency>
AES
我在《Java加密之IV》中提到过分组加密的几种方式，常见的工作模式包括，ECB、CBC、PCBC、CFB、OFB、CTR等。
其中ECB是不需要IV（初始化向量）的：
import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
/**
* @see javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec
*/
public class AES {
private static final String key_algorithm = "AES";
private static final String cipher_algorithm = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";
public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] keyBytes, byte[] data) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, key_algorithm);
/**
* 对于某些JDK不支持的工作方式，可以考虑 Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm, "BC);
* 其中BC是Bouncy Castle的简称
*/
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] keyBytes, byte[] data) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, key_algorithm);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
}
单元测试：
import cn.dubby.encrypt.encoding.HexUtil;
import cn.dubby.symmetric.encryption.AES;
import cn.dubby.symmetric.encryption.DES;
import org.junit.Test;
import javax.crypto.*;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
public class AESTest {
@Test
public void encryptDecrypt() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, IllegalBlockSizeException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeySpecException, InvalidKeyException {
String data = "Hello, world.";
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
keyGenerator.init(256);
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
byte[] keyBytes = secretKey.getEncoded();
byte[] encryptBytes = AES.encrypt(keyBytes, data.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
System.out.println(HexUtil.toHex(encryptBytes));
byte[] decryptBytes = AES.decrypt(keyBytes, encryptBytes);
System.out.println(new String(decryptBytes, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
}
}
而PCBC是需要IV的：
import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
/**
* @see SecretKeySpec
*/
public class AES_PCBC {
private static final String key_algorithm = "AES";
private static final String cipher_algorithm = "AES/PCBC/PKCS5Padding";
public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] ivBytes, byte[] keyBytes, byte[] data) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, IllegalBlockSizeException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException {
SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, key_algorithm);
/**
* 对于某些JDK不支持的工作方式，可以考虑 Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm, "BC);
* 其中BC是Bouncy Castle的简称
*/
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(ivBytes));
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] ivBytes, byte[] keyBytes, byte[] data) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException {
SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, key_algorithm);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(ivBytes));
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
}
单元测试：
import cn.dubby.encrypt.encoding.HexUtil;
import cn.dubby.symmetric.encryption.AES;
import cn.dubby.symmetric.encryption.AES_PCBC;
import org.junit.Test;
import javax.crypto.*;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
public class AES_PCBCTest {
@Test
public void encryptDecrypt() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, IllegalBlockSizeException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeySpecException, InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException {
/**
* iv必须是16位
*/
String data = "Hello, world.", iv = "1234567812345678";
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
keyGenerator.init(256);
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
byte[] keyBytes = secretKey.getEncoded();
byte[] encryptBytes = AES_PCBC.encrypt(iv.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")), keyBytes, data.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
System.out.println(HexUtil.toHex(encryptBytes));
byte[] decryptBytes = AES_PCBC.decrypt(iv.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")), keyBytes, encryptBytes);
System.out.println(new String(decryptBytes, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
}
}
DES
import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
/**
* @see javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec
*/
public class DES {
private static final String key_algorithm = "DES";
private static final String cipher_algorithm = "DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";
public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] keyBytes, byte[] data) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
DESKeySpec desKeySpec = new DESKeySpec(keyBytes);
SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(key_algorithm);
SecretKey secretKey = keyFactory.generateSecret(desKeySpec);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] keyBytes, byte[] data) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
DESKeySpec desKeySpec = new DESKeySpec(keyBytes);
SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(key_algorithm);
SecretKey secretKey = keyFactory.generateSecret(desKeySpec);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
}
单元测试：
import cn.dubby.encrypt.encoding.HexUtil;
import cn.dubby.symmetric.encryption.DES;
import org.junit.Test;
import javax.crypto.*;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
public class DESTest {
@Test
public void encryptDecrypt() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, IllegalBlockSizeException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeySpecException, InvalidKeyException {
String data = "Hello, world.";
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DES");
keyGenerator.init(56);
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
byte[] keyBytes = secretKey.getEncoded();
byte[] encryptBytes = DES.encrypt(keyBytes, data.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
System.out.println(HexUtil.toHex(encryptBytes));
byte[] decryptBytes = DES.decrypt(keyBytes, encryptBytes);
System.out.println(new String(decryptBytes, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
}
}
DESede
import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.DESedeKeySpec;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
/**
* @see javax.crypto.spec.DESedeKeySpec
*/
public class DESede {
private static final String key_algorithm = "DESede";
private static final String cipher_algorithm = "DESede/ECB/PKCS5Padding";
public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] keyBytes, byte[] data) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
DESedeKeySpec deSedeKeySpec = new DESedeKeySpec(keyBytes);
SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(key_algorithm);
SecretKey secretKey = keyFactory.generateSecret(deSedeKeySpec);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] keyBytes, byte[] data) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
DESedeKeySpec deSedeKeySpec = new DESedeKeySpec(keyBytes);
SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(key_algorithm);
SecretKey secretKey = keyFactory.generateSecret(deSedeKeySpec);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
}
单元测试：
package cn.dubby.symmetric.encryption.test;
import cn.dubby.encrypt.encoding.HexUtil;
import cn.dubby.symmetric.encryption.DESede;
import org.junit.Test;
import javax.crypto.*;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
public class DESedeTest {
@Test
public void encryptDecrypt() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, IllegalBlockSizeException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeySpecException, InvalidKeyException {
String data = "Hello, world.";
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DESede");
keyGenerator.init(168);//还可以选112
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
byte[] keyBytes = secretKey.getEncoded();
byte[] encryptBytes = DESede.encrypt(keyBytes, data.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
System.out.println(HexUtil.toHex(encryptBytes));
byte[] decryptBytes = DESede.decrypt(keyBytes, encryptBytes);
System.out.println(new String(decryptBytes, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
}
}
IDEA
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.Security;
public class IDEA {
static {
Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
}
private static final String key_algorithm = "IDEA";
private static final String cipher_algorithm = "IDEA/ECB/ISO10126Padding";
public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] keyBytes, byte[] data) throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, key_algorithm);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] keyBytes, byte[] data) throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, InvalidKeyException {
SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, key_algorithm);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher_algorithm);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
/**
* 生成一个随机的秘钥
*/
public static byte[] initKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance(key_algorithm);
keyGenerator.init(128);
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
return secretKey.getEncoded();
}
}
单元测试：
import cn.dubby.encrypt.encoding.HexUtil;
import cn.dubby.symmetric.encryption.IDEA;
import org.junit.Test;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
public class IDEATest {
@Test
public void encryptDecrypt() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, IllegalBlockSizeException, InvalidKeyException, BadPaddingException, NoSuchPaddingException {
String data = "Hello, world.";
byte[] keyBytes = IDEA.initKey();
byte[] encryptBytes = IDEA.encrypt(keyBytes, data.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
System.out.println(HexUtil.toHex(encryptBytes));
byte[] decryptBytes = IDEA.decrypt(keyBytes, encryptBytes);
System.out.println(new String(decryptBytes, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
}
}
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