pipenv的使用

Posted 2023-03-09

参考技术A pipenv是一个python包管理工具，它能同时管理python虚拟环境和python依赖，官方推荐。

上述的命令会生成Pipfile和Pipfile.lock

在安装模块的时候可以指定环境：开发环境（加上 --dev 参数）和正式环境。 可以先在开发环境中安装一个不指定版本的，然后在正式环境中安装一个指定版本的。

确认Pipfile中所有的包已安装，并根据版本生成Pipfile.lock文件。

这个命令同样可以指定环境，加上 --dev 是安装 [dev-packages] 中的包，不加则是安装 [package] 中的包也就是正式环境。

在vscode配置文件 settings.json 中添加以下内容：

如果是远程主机则需要在对应的文件中添加

pipenv是一个python包管理工具，它能同时管理python虚拟环境和python依赖，官方推荐。

上述的命令会生成Pipfile和Pipfile.lock

在安装模块的时候可以指定环境：开发环境（加上 --dev 参数）和正式环境。 可以先在开发环境中安装一个不指定版本的，然后在正式环境中安装一个指定版本的。

确认Pipfile中所有的包已安装，并根据版本生成Pipfile.lock文件。

这个命令同样可以指定环境，加上 --dev 是安装 [dev-packages] 中的包，不加则是安装 [package] 中的包也就是正式环境。

在vscode配置文件 settings.json 中添加以下内容：

如果是远程主机则需要在对应的文件中添加

pipenv简单使用

利用pipenv创建虚拟环境进行开发

安装

pip install pipenv

使用，进入开发项目的文件夹

创建虚拟环境

pipenv install

进入虚拟环境

pipenv shell（无虚拟环境会自动创建）

虚拟环境可以使用pip 安装包

pip list

github上的使用指南

Usage
$ pipenv
Usage: pipenv [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...

Options:
  --where          Output project home information.
  --venv           Output virtualenv information.
  --py             Output Python interpreter information.
  --envs           Output Environment Variable options.
  --rm             Remove the virtualenv.
  --bare           Minimal output.
  --completion     Output completion (to be eval‘d).
  --man            Display manpage.
  --three / --two  Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.
  --python TEXT    Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.
  --site-packages  Enable site-packages for the virtualenv.
  --version        Show the version and exit.
  -h, --help       Show this message and exit.


Usage Examples:
   Create a new project using Python 3.7, specifically:
   $ pipenv --python 3.7

   Install all dependencies for a project (including dev):
   $ pipenv install --dev

   Create a lockfile containing pre-releases:
   $ pipenv lock --pre

   Show a graph of your installed dependencies:
   $ pipenv graph

   Check your installed dependencies for security vulnerabilities:
   $ pipenv check

   Install a local setup.py into your virtual environment/Pipfile:
   $ pipenv install -e .

   Use a lower-level pip command:
   $ pipenv run pip freeze

Commands:
  check      Checks for security vulnerabilities and against PEP 508 markers
             provided in Pipfile.
  clean      Uninstalls all packages not specified in Pipfile.lock.
  graph      Displays currently–installed dependency graph information.
  install    Installs provided packages and adds them to Pipfile, or (if none
             is given), installs all packages.
  lock       Generates Pipfile.lock.
  open       View a given module in your editor.
  run        Spawns a command installed into the virtualenv.
  shell      Spawns a shell within the virtualenv.
  sync       Installs all packages specified in Pipfile.lock.
  uninstall  Un-installs a provided package and removes it from Pipfile.
Locate the project:
$ pipenv --where
/Users/kennethreitz/Library/Mobile Documents/com~apple~CloudDocs/repos/kr/pipenv/test
Locate the virtualenv:
$ pipenv --venv
/Users/kennethreitz/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-Skyy4vre
Locate the Python interpreter:
$ pipenv --py
/Users/kennethreitz/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-Skyy4vre/bin/python
Install packages:
$ pipenv install
Creating a virtualenv for this project...
...
No package provided, installing all dependencies.
Virtualenv location: /Users/kennethreitz/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-EJkjoYts
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock...
...

To activate this project‘s virtualenv, run the following:
$ pipenv shell
Install a dev dependency:
$ pipenv install pytest --dev
Installing pytest...
...
Adding pytest to Pipfile‘s [dev-packages]...
Show a dependency graph:
$ pipenv graph
requests==2.18.4
  - certifi [required: >=2017.4.17, installed: 2017.7.27.1]
  - chardet [required: >=3.0.2,<3.1.0, installed: 3.0.4]
  - idna [required: >=2.5,<2.7, installed: 2.6]
  - urllib3 [required: <1.23,>=1.21.1, installed: 1.22]
Generate a lockfile:
$ pipenv lock
Assuring all dependencies from Pipfile are installed...
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies...
Locking [packages] dependencies...
Note: your project now has only default [packages] installed.
To install [dev-packages], run: $ pipenv install --dev
Install all dev dependencies:
$ pipenv install --dev
Pipfile found at /Users/kennethreitz/repos/kr/pip2/test/Pipfile. Considering this to be the project home.
Pipfile.lock out of date, updating...
Assuring all dependencies from Pipfile are installed...
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies...
Locking [packages] dependencies...
Uninstall everything:
$ pipenv uninstall --all
No package provided, un-installing all dependencies.
Found 25 installed package(s), purging...
...
Environment now purged and fresh!
Use the shell:
$ pipenv shell
Loading .env environment variables…
Launching subshell in virtual environment. Type ‘exit‘ or ‘Ctrl+D‘ to return.