AJAX/HTTP网络请求库对比

Posted 2021-04-15 misstakau

Networking in JavaScript falls into 2 categories: AJAX (browser) and HTTP clients (server).

JavaScript中的网络分为两大类：AJAX（浏览器）和HTTP客户端（服务器）。

Sometimes you'll only need one of these, sometimes you'll want both (in an isomorphic/universal app for instance).

有时候你只需要它们之中的一种，有时候两者都需要（比如在同构/通用的应用程序中）。

Either way, you'll probably want a nice concise syntax. Most developers find the XMLHttpRequest API a little too verbose for their taste.

不管怎样，你都会希望拥有简洁的语法来编写，大多数的开发者都发现XMLHttpRequest的API太冗长了。

Many developers use jQuery, but if you only need the AJAX features, loading the whole library may seem like a waste.

很多开发者选择使用jQuery，但是如果你只用AJAX却引入了整个库，这似乎太浪费了。

I've put together a list to help you pick the perfect JavaScript networking library for your project. Afterwards I'll suggest a library for a few specific scenarios.

我整理了一个列表来帮助你为你的项目选择一个最合适的JavaScript网络请求库。之后，我会举几个具体的场景来推荐相应库。

• Chrome & Firefox：单独列出这两个浏览器是因为它们支持fetch()：caniuse.com/fetch

• Native：意思是原生支持，你可以直接使用而不需要为此引入一个库

• Single Purpose：意思是这个库或者这个技术仅仅用于AJAX/HTTP网络通信，没有其他功能

fetch() is the new standard. It's already supported in Chrome and Firefox - so if don't need IE or Safari support you can use it today without any library at all. I suggest you start here.

fetch()是新的标准。它已经在Chrome和Firefox中原生支持了，你完全不用引入任何库就能直接使用它了 —— 所有如果你的项目不需要考虑IE和Safari的话，我建议你马上就开始使用它。

If you need support for more browsers I suggest GitHub's Fetch polyfill. You get to use the new standard now, and eventually you can delete the polyfill library when more browsers support Fetch.

如果你需要支持更多浏览器的话我推荐GitHub的Fetch polyfill.你可以使用这些新特性，等到浏览器原生支持了你再来删掉这些库；

If you're using node.js you can still use Fetch, but you need the node-fetch library.

如果你使用node.js，你仍然可以使用Fetch，但是你需要node-fetch库；

If your code is universal there's a Fetch library for that too: isomorphic-fetch. It wraps both node-fetch and the Fetch polyfill.

如果你的代码是通用的，同样也有一个库可选：isomorphic-fetch，它包含了node-fetch和Fetch polyfill；

If you are already using jQuery, just use $.get or $.ajax. No additional libraries needed, and you'll have good support in most browsers. Using the Fetch polyfill would add unnecessary k-weight to your code.

如果你已经使用jQuery，你只需要使用$.get或$.ajax即可。不必额外引入新的库，而且你还将很好的支持绝大多数的浏览器，如果使用Fetch polyfill的话反而造成你的项目不必要的负担。