C# excel文件导入导出

Posted 2021-04-14 CSharp编程大全

在C#交流群里，看到很多小伙伴在excel数据导入导出到C#界面上存在疑惑，所以今天专门做了这个主题，希望大家有所收获！

环境：win10+vs2017

界面：主要以演示为主，所以没有做优化，然后主界面上添加两个按钮，分别命名为ExportExcel和ImportExcel，添加两个dataGridView，分别是dataGridView1和dataGridView2

然后在窗体加载程序中给dataGridView1写入三行数据，代码如下：

 DataTable dt = new DataTable();
            dt.Columns.Add("Name");
            dt.Columns.Add("Age");
            dt.Rows.Add("小王","15");
            dt.Rows.Add("老李","42");
            dt.Rows.Add("老张","25");
            dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;

软件运行后，点击ExportExcel，则将datagridview1的数据保存到excel中，点击ImportExcel，选择excel后读取数据到datagridview2.

注意：如果报System.InvalidOperationException:“未在本地计算机上注册“Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0”提供程序。”请检查office是否正确安装

具体步骤：

step1：引用dll，在nuget上安装Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel

step2:code

主要由三个方法：

1.   public void ExportExcel() 实现数据导出到excel

2.  public DataSet ImportExcel(int t = 1）实现读取excel数据

3.  public void ExportCSV() 数据导出到csv

   其次

4. 保存选项对话框  string fileName = "";                string saveFileName = "";                SaveFileDialog saveDialog = new SaveFileDialog();                saveDialog.DefaultExt = "xlsx";                saveDialog.InitialDirectory = @"C:\BMDT";                saveDialog.Filter = "Excel文件|*.xlsx";                // saveDialog.FileName = fileName;                saveDialog.FileName = "BMDT_Data_" + DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString().ToString();                saveDialog.ShowDialog();                saveFileName = saveDialog.FileName;                if (saveFileName.IndexOf(":") < 0)                {                    this.Cursor = Cursors.Default;                    return; //被点了取消                }
   

   完整代码如下：
   

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO;using System.Data.SqlClient;using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;using System.Reflection;using System.Xml;using System.Data.OleDb;


namespace excelReadWriter{ public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); }
 #region /* 数据导出到excel */ public void ExportExcel() { try { this.Cursor = Cursors.WaitCursor;
 if (!Directory.Exists(@"C:\BMDT")) Directory.CreateDirectory(@"C:\BMDT");

 string fileName = ""; string saveFileName = ""; SaveFileDialog saveDialog = new SaveFileDialog(); saveDialog.DefaultExt = "xlsx"; saveDialog.InitialDirectory = @"C:\BMDT"; saveDialog.Filter = "Excel文件|*.xlsx"; // saveDialog.FileName = fileName; saveDialog.FileName = "BMDT_Data_" + DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString().ToString(); saveDialog.ShowDialog(); saveFileName = saveDialog.FileName;


 if (saveFileName.IndexOf(":") < 0) { this.Cursor = Cursors.Default; return; //被点了取消 } Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application(); if (xlApp == null) { MessageBox.Show("无法创建Excel对象，您的电脑可能未安装Excel"); return; } Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks; Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet); Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];//取得sheet1  Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range = worksheet.Range[worksheet.Cells[4, 1], worksheet.Cells[8, 1]];
 //写入标题  for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++) { worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dataGridView1.Columns[i].HeaderText; } //写入数值 for (int r = 0; r < dataGridView1.Rows.Count; r++) { for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++) { worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dataGridView1.Rows[r].Cells[i].Value;
 if (this.dataGridView1.Rows[r].Cells[i].Style.BackColor == Color.Red) {
 range = worksheet.Range[worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1], worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1]]; range.Interior.ColorIndex = 10;
 }


 } System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents(); } worksheet.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//列宽自适应
 MessageBox.Show(fileName + "资料保存成功", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK); if (saveFileName != "") { try { workbook.Saved = true; workbook.SaveCopyAs(saveFileName); //fileSaved = true; 
 } catch (Exception ex) {//fileSaved = false;  MessageBox.Show("导出文件时出错,文件可能正被打开！\n" + ex.Message); } } xlApp.Quit(); GC.Collect();//强行销毁 
 this.Cursor = Cursors.Default; } catch(Exception e) { this.Cursor = Cursors.Default; MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());
 }



 }
 #endregion #region /* ImportExcel(int t) */
 public DataSet ImportExcel(int t = 1) { //打开文件 string sql_select = string.Empty;

 OpenFileDialog file = new OpenFileDialog(); file.Filter = "Excel(*.xlsx)|*.xlsx|Excel(*.xls)|*.xls|(*.csv)|*.csv"; file.InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop); file.Multiselect = false; if (file.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.Cancel) return null; //判断文件后缀 var path = file.FileName; string fileSuffix = System.IO.Path.GetExtension(path); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileSuffix)) return null; using (DataSet ds = new DataSet()) { //判断Excel文件是2003版本还是2007版本 string connString = ""; if (fileSuffix == ".xls") connString = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + path + ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\""; else connString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=" + path + ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 12.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\""; //读取文件
 if (t == 1) sql_select = " SELECT ID,CREATETIME,REASONCODE1,PROCESSID FROM [Sheet1$] "; else if (t == 2) sql_select = " SELECT PANELID,EVENTTIME,DESCRIPTION,PROCESSID FROM [Grid$] "; else if (t == 3) sql_select = " SELECT Operation,Lot_ID,EQP_ID,Event_Time FROM [报表1$] ";

 using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connString)) using (OleDbDataAdapter cmd = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql_select, conn)) { conn.Open(); cmd.Fill(ds); } if (ds == null || ds.Tables.Count <= 0) return null; return ds; } } #endregion

 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { ExportExcel(); }
 private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); dt.Columns.Add("Name"); dt.Columns.Add("Age"); dt.Rows.Add("小王","15"); dt.Rows.Add("老李","42"); dt.Rows.Add("老张","25"); dataGridView1.DataSource = dt; }
 private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { DataSet ds = new DataSet(); ds = ImportExcel(); dataGridView2.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
 // ExportCSV(); }
 #region /* 数据导出到CSV */ public void ExportCSV() { if (dataGridView1.Rows.Count == 0) { MessageBox.Show("没有数据可导出!", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information); return; } SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog(); saveFileDialog.Filter = "CSV files (*.csv)|*.csv"; saveFileDialog.FilterIndex = 0; saveFileDialog.RestoreDirectory = true; saveFileDialog.CreatePrompt = true; saveFileDialog.FileName = null; saveFileDialog.Title = "保存"; if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { Stream stream = saveFileDialog.OpenFile(); StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(stream, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(-0)); string strLine = ""; try { for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++) { if (i > 0) strLine += ",";
 strLine += dataGridView1.Columns[i].HeaderText;
 }
 strLine.Remove(strLine.Length - 1);
 sw.WriteLine(strLine);
 strLine = "";
 //表的内容
 for (int j = 0; j < dataGridView1.Rows.Count; j++) {
 strLine = "";
 int colCount = dataGridView1.Columns.Count;
 for (int k = 0; k < colCount; k++) {
 if (k > 0 && k < colCount)
 strLine += ",";
 if (dataGridView1.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value == null)
 strLine += "";
 else {
 string cell = dataGridView1.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value.ToString().Trim();
 //防止里面含有特殊符号
 cell = cell.Replace("\"", "\"\"");
 cell = "\"" + cell + "\"";
 strLine += cell;
 }
 }
 sw.WriteLine(strLine);
 }
 sw.Close();
 stream.Close();
 MessageBox.Show("数据被导出到：" + saveFileDialog.FileName.ToString(), "导出完毕", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
 }
 catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "导出错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
 } } } #endregion }}

运行效果：

如果你想把数据导入csv文件，则可以用以下方法：

 #region /* 数据导出到CSV */ public void ExportCSV() { if (dataGridView1.Rows.Count == 0) { MessageBox.Show("没有数据可导出!", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information); return; } SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog(); saveFileDialog.Filter = "CSV files (*.csv)|*.csv"; saveFileDialog.FilterIndex = 0; saveFileDialog.RestoreDirectory = true; saveFileDialog.CreatePrompt = true; saveFileDialog.FileName = null; saveFileDialog.Title = "保存"; if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { Stream stream = saveFileDialog.OpenFile(); StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(stream, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(-0)); string strLine = ""; try { for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++) { if (i > 0) strLine += ",";
 strLine += dataGridView1.Columns[i].HeaderText;
 }
 strLine.Remove(strLine.Length - 1);
 sw.WriteLine(strLine);
 strLine = "";
 //表的内容
 for (int j = 0; j < dataGridView1.Rows.Count; j++) {
 strLine = "";
 int colCount = dataGridView1.Columns.Count;
 for (int k = 0; k < colCount; k++) {
 if (k > 0 && k < colCount)
 strLine += ",";
 if (dataGridView1.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value == null)
 strLine += "";
 else {
 string cell = dataGridView1.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value.ToString().Trim();
 //防止里面含有特殊符号
 cell = cell.Replace("\"", "\"\"");
 cell = "\"" + cell + "\"";
 strLine += cell;
 }
 }
 sw.WriteLine(strLine);
 }
 sw.Close();
 stream.Close();
 MessageBox.Show("数据被导出到：" + saveFileDialog.FileName.ToString(), "导出完毕", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
 }
 catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "导出错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
 } } } #endregion

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