Flask 1.0 Released
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本文来自:https://www.palletsprojects.com/blog/flask-1-0-released/
The Pallets team is pleased to release Flask 1.0.
The Flask framework has been stable for a long time. A little more than 8 years after the first commit, the version number finally reflects that. 1.0 comes with a significant number of changes representing over a year of work.
Dropped support for Python 2.6 and 3.3.
The CLI is more flexible.
FLASK_APP
can point to an app factory, optionally with arguments. It understands import names in more cases where filenames were previously used. It automatically detects common filenames, app names, and factory names.FLASK_ENV
describes the environment the app is running in, likedevelopment
, and replacesFLASK_DEBUG
in most cases. See the docs to learn more.If python-dotenv is installed, the
flask
CLI will load environment variables from.flaskenv
and.env
files rather than having to export them in each new terminal.The development server is multi-threaded by default to handle concurrent requests during development.
flask.ext
, which was previously deprecated, is completely removed. Import extensions by their actual package names.Accessing missing keys from
request.form
shows a more helpful error message in debug mode, addressing a very common source of confusion for developers.Error handlers are looked up by code then exception class, on the blueprint then application. This gives more predictable control over handlers, including being able to handle
HTTPException
.The behavior of
app.logger
has been greatly simplified and should be much easier to customize. The logger is always namedflask.app
, it only adds a handler if none are registered, and it never removes existing handlers. See the docs to learn more.The
test_client
gained ajson
argument for posting JSON data, and theResponse
object gained aget_json
method to decode the data as JSON in tests.A new
test_cli_runner
is added for testing an app's CLI commands.Many documentation sections have been rewritten to improve clarity and relevance. This is an ongoing effort.
The tutorial and corresponding example have been rewritten. They use a structured layout and go into more detail about each aspect in order to help new users avoid common issues and become comfortable with Flask.
There are many more changes throughout the framework. Read the full changelog to understand what changes may affect your code when upgrading.
JSON Security Fix
Flask previously decoded incoming JSON bytes using the content type of the request. Although JSON should only be encoded as UTF-8, Flask was more lenient. However, Python includes non-text related encodings that could result in unexpected memory use by a request.
Flask will now detect the encoding of incoming JSON data as one of the supported UTF encodings, and will not allow arbitrary encodings from the request.
Install or Upgrade
Install from PyPI with pip:
pip install -U Flask
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