Flask实现微信公众号后台原来如此简单

Posted 2021-04-12 软件开发学习历程

前  言

对于flask学习感觉官网就是很好很标准的教材，感觉这个文档写的特别清晰和清楚，参考如下：

https://dormousehole.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

创建虚拟环境

# cd py-wechat #py-weckat是我们创建的开发目录
# python -m venv venv
# .venvScriptsactivate #激活虚拟环境
# 安装依赖# pip install Flask# pip install requests

开始编码

导入依赖包

from flask import Flask, request, make_responseimport hashlibimport xml.etree.ElementTree as ETfrom uiai import get_responseimport time

初始化flask

app = Flask(__name__)if __name__ == "__main__": app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5050)

编写微信验证接口

在这里我们要编写一个接口，微信通过get方法调用该接口，本接口通过校验微信传过来的参数，来判断是否是来自微信服务器的请求

@app.route("/wechat/security", methods=['GET', 'POST'])def wechat(): if request.method == 'GET': token = WX_TOKEN data = request.args signature = data.get('signature', '') timestamp = data.get('timestamp', '') nonce = data.get('nonce', '') echostr = data.get('echostr', '') s = sorted([timestamp, nonce, token]) s = ''.join(s) if hashlib.sha1(s.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest() == signature: response = make_response(echostr) return response else: pass

在这里呢，我就接收到用户的文本消息后，调用公司的一个接口，获取相应文本，用于响应用户，达到与用户聊天的效果，网上看到很多都是调用图灵接口的。

由于我们公司有这样的接口调用，因此，就直接调用公司接口了。

@app.route("/wechat/security", methods=['GET', 'POST'])def wechat(): if request.method == 'GET': token = WX_TOKEN data = request.args signature = data.get('signature', '') timestamp = data.get('timestamp', '') nonce = data.get('nonce', '') echostr = data.get('echostr', '') s = sorted([timestamp, nonce, token]) s = ''.join(s) if hashlib.sha1(s.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest() == signature: response = make_response(echostr) return response else: xml = ET.fromstring(request.data) toUser = xml.find('ToUserName').text fromUser = xml.find('FromUserName').text msgType = xml.find('MsgType').text
 if msgType == 'text': content = xml.find('Content').text return reply_text(fromUser, toUser, get_response(fromUser, content)) else: return reply_text(fromUser, toUser, "嗯？我听不太懂")
# 生成响应微信公众号的xmldef reply_text(to_user, from_user, content): reply = """ <xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType> <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> <FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag></xml> """ response = make_response(reply % (to_user, from_user, str(int(time.time())), content)) response.content_type = 'application/xml' return response

新建uiai.py实现调用文本接口

import osimport requests
def get_response(userId, text): api = 'http://fx.hekouxin.com/5g/chatbox/text' payload = {} payload['userId'] = userId payload['text'] = text resp = requests.post(api, payload).json() print(userId, '闲聊返回', resp) mesage = resp['data'] if mesage is None: mesage = '嗯？我好像不太懂' return mesage

完整代码

app.py

from flask import Flask, request, make_responseimport hashlibimport xml.etree.ElementTree as ETfrom uiai import get_responseimport time
app = Flask(__name__)
WX_TOKEN = '***'# 这里填写下面公众号配置的token
@app.route("/")def chat(): data = request.args userId = data.get('userId') text = data.get('text') print(userId + text) return get_response(userId, text)

@app.route("/wechat/security", methods=['GET', 'POST'])def wechat(): if request.method == 'GET': token = WX_TOKEN data = request.args signature = data.get('signature', '') timestamp = data.get('timestamp', '') nonce = data.get('nonce', '') echostr = data.get('echostr', '') s = sorted([timestamp, nonce, token]) s = ''.join(s) if hashlib.sha1(s.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest() == signature: response = make_response(echostr) return response else: xml = ET.fromstring(request.data) toUser = xml.find('ToUserName').text fromUser = xml.find('FromUserName').text msgType = xml.find('MsgType').text
 if msgType == 'text': content = xml.find('Content').text return reply_text(fromUser, toUser, get_response(fromUser, content)) else: return reply_text(fromUser, toUser, "嗯？我听不太懂")

def reply_text(to_user, from_user, content): reply = """ <xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType> <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> <FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag></xml> """ response = make_response(reply % (to_user, from_user, str(int(time.time())), content)) response.content_type = 'application/xml' return response

if __name__ == "__main__": app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5050)

uiai.py

import osimport requests
def get_response(userId, text): api = 'http://***/text' payload = {} payload['userId'] = userId payload['text'] = text resp = requests.post(api, payload).json() print(userId, '闲聊返回', resp) mesage = resp['data'] if mesage is None: mesage = '嗯？我好像不太懂' return mesage

进入左下角 开发-》基本配置，就可以打开如下页面，填写自己的token和网址就可以点击启用了。如果能够出现在这个页面就是成功了。

结  果

最终我们可以实现与用户简单的交流功能。

使用flask开发后台，还是比较简洁的，不用多少行的代码就可以实现。