opengl使用bmp纹理映射画不出东西
Posted
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了opengl使用bmp纹理映射画不出东西相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
void draw()
glPushMatrix();
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glLoadIdentity(); // 重置当前的模型观察矩阵
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]); // 选择纹理
glBegin(GL_QUADS);
glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(0.0f, 0.0f); // 纹理和四边形的左下
glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex2f( 100.0f, 0.0f); // 纹理和四边形的右下
glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex2f( 100.0f, 100.0f); // 纹理和四边形的右上
glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex2f(0.0f, 100.0f); // 纹理和四边形的左上
glEnd();
glPopMatrix();
glFlush();
2 LoadImage的时候要加上LR_CREATEDIBSECTION，不然读不到bmBits，贴不出来 参考技术A 初始化里有没有glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D)?追问
有了
OpenGL 纹理映射内存泄漏
【中文标题】OpenGL 纹理映射内存泄漏【英文标题】：OpenGL Texture Mapping memory leak 【发布时间】：2013-02-21 16:18:42 【问题描述】：我正在编写一个视频内容分析应用程序，用于分析录制视频和直播视频。
我使用 opengl 在 qt 界面上显示视频（使用 qglwidgets）。如果显卡支持，我正在使用带有图片缓冲区对象的纹理映射（这里是参考：http://www.songho.ca/opengl/gl_pbo.html）来显示视频（从 OpenCV 的 IPLImage 加载）。
问题在于，应用程序的内存随着时间的推移不断增加。大约。每秒 4-8KB。我正在使用任务管理器来验证这一点。 我已经缩小了视频渲染的问题范围，因为我看到很多关于未释放纹理导致内存使用的帖子，但我无法找到解决我的问题的方法。
我只在 initializeGL() 中使用 glGenTextures，所以纹理只生成一次并重复使用。
这是问题所在的代码：
void paintGL()
static int index = 0;
int nextIndex = 0; // pbo index used for next frame
if(paintFlag)
if(pboMode > 0)
// "index" is used to copy pixels from a PBO to a texture object "nextIndex" is used to update pixels in a PBO
if(pboMode == 1)
// In single PBO mode, the index and nextIndex are set to 0
index = nextIndex = 0;
else if(pboMode == 2)
// In dual PBO mode, increment current index first then get the next index
index = (index + 1) % 2;
nextIndex = (index + 1) % 2;
// start to copy from PBO to texture object ///////
// bind the texture and PBO
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
glBindBufferARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, pboIds[index]);
// copy pixels from PBO to texture object
// Use offset instead of ponter.
glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT, GL_BGR, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);
// measure the time copying data from PBO to texture object
//t1.stop();
//copyTime = t1.getElapsedTimeInMilliSec();
///////////////////////////////////////////////////
// start to modify pixel values ///////////////////
// t1.start();
// bind PBO to update pixel values
glBindBufferARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, pboIds[nextIndex]);
// map the buffer object into client's memory
// Note that glMapBufferARB() causes sync issue.
// If GPU is working with this buffer, glMapBufferARB() will wait(stall)
// for GPU to finish its job. To avoid waiting (stall), you can call
// first glBufferDataARB() with NULL pointer before glMapBufferARB().
// If you do that, the previous data in PBO will be discarded and
// glMapBufferARB() returns a new allocated pointer immediately
// even if GPU is still working with the previous data.
glBufferDataARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, DATA_SIZE, 0, GL_STREAM_DRAW_ARB);
GLubyte* ptr = (GLubyte*)glMapBufferARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, GL_WRITE_ONLY_ARB);
if(ptr)
// update data directly on the mapped buffer
//updatePixels(ptr, DATA_SIZE);
memcpy(ptr,original->imageData,DATA_SIZE);
glUnmapBufferARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB); // release pointer to mapping buffer
// measure the time modifying the mapped buffer
//t1.stop();
//updateTime = t1.getElapsedTimeInMilliSec();
///////////////////////////////////////////////////
// it is good idea to release PBOs with ID 0 after use.
// Once bound with 0, all pixel operations behave normal ways.
glBindBufferARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, 0);
else
///////////////////////////////////////////////////
// start to copy pixels from system memory to textrure object
//t1.start();
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT, GL_BGR, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, (GLvoid*)original->imageData);
//t1.stop();
//copyTime = t1.getElapsedTimeInMilliSec();
paintFlag=false;
// clear buffer
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT);
glBegin(GL_QUADS);
glTexCoord2i(0,1); glVertex2i(0,HEIGHT);
glTexCoord2i(0,0); glVertex2i(0,0);
glTexCoord2i(1,0); glVertex2i(WIDTH,0);
glTexCoord2i(1,1); glVertex2i(WIDTH,HEIGHT);
glEnd();
glFlush();
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
swapBuffers();
glDeleteBuffers(1,&texture);
updateGL();
代码与教程中的代码几乎相同。但是，我的纹理数据来自 IplImage 结构，该结构由单独的线程不断更新。我也在使用 boost 的 lock_guard 进行同步。
我在这里做错什么了吗？
编辑：我正在添加剩余代码：
//Constructor, this is where all the allocation happens
const int DATA_SIZE = WIDTH * HEIGHT * 3;
QGLCanvas::QGLCanvas(QWidget* parent,QString caption)
: QGLWidget(parent)
imageFormat=QImage::Format_RGB888;
this->name=caption;
original=cvCreateImage(cvSize(WIDTH,HEIGHT),IPL_DEPTH_8U,3);
if(this->name=="Background")
bgFrameBackup=cvCreateImage(cvSize(WIDTH,HEIGHT),IPL_DEPTH_8U,3);
cvZero(original);
//cvShowImage("w",original);
//cvWaitKey(0);
switch(original->nChannels)
case 1:
format = GL_LUMINANCE;
break;
case 2:
format = GL_LUMINANCE_ALPHA;
break;
case 3:
format = GL_BGR;
break;
default:
return;
drawing=false;
setMouseTracking(true);
mouseX=0;mouseY=0;
startX=0; endX=0;
startY=0; endY=0;
dialog=new EntryExitRuleDialog();
makeCurrent();
GLenum result=glewInit();
if(result)
qDebug()<<(const char*)(glewGetErrorString(result));
//qDebug()<<"Open GL Version: "<<(const char*)glGetString(GL_VERSION);
bgColor=QColor::fromRgb(100,100,100);
initializeGL();
qglClearColor(bgColor);
glInfo glInfo;
glInfo.getInfo();
#ifdef _WIN32
// check PBO is supported by your video card
if(glInfo.isExtensionSupported("GL_ARB_pixel_buffer_object"))
// get pointers to GL functions
glGenBuffersARB = (PFNGLGENBUFFERSARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("glGenBuffersARB");
glBindBufferARB = (PFNGLBINDBUFFERARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("glBindBufferARB");
glBufferDataARB = (PFNGLBUFFERDATAARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("glBufferDataARB");
glBufferSubDataARB = (PFNGLBUFFERSUBDATAARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("glBufferSubDataARB");
glDeleteBuffersARB = (PFNGLDELETEBUFFERSARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("glDeleteBuffersARB");
glGetBufferParameterivARB = (PFNGLGETBUFFERPARAMETERIVARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("glGetBufferParameterivARB");
glMapBufferARB = (PFNGLMAPBUFFERARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("glMapBufferARB");
glUnmapBufferARB = (PFNGLUNMAPBUFFERARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("glUnmapBufferARB");
// check once again PBO extension
if(glGenBuffersARB && glBindBufferARB && glBufferDataARB && glBufferSubDataARB &&
glMapBufferARB && glUnmapBufferARB && glDeleteBuffersARB && glGetBufferParameterivARB)
pboSupported = true;
cout << "Video card supports GL_ARB_pixel_buffer_object." << endl;
else
pboSupported = false;
cout << "Video card does NOT support GL_ARB_pixel_buffer_object." << endl;
#else // for linux, do not need to get function pointers, it is up-to-date
if(glInfo.isExtensionSupported("GL_ARB_pixel_buffer_object"))
pboSupported = pboUsed = true;
cout << "Video card supports GL_ARB_pixel_buffer_object." << endl;
else
pboSupported = pboUsed = false;
cout << "Video card does NOT support GL_ARB_pixel_buffer_object." << endl;
#endif
if(pboSupported)
glGenBuffersARB(2, pboIds);
glBindBufferARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, pboIds[0]);
glBufferDataARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, DATA_SIZE, 0, GL_STREAM_DRAW_ARB);
glBindBufferARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, pboIds[1]);
glBufferDataARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, DATA_SIZE, 0, GL_STREAM_DRAW_ARB);
glBindBufferARB(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER_ARB, 0);
//Note: pboMode=2 somehow does not work while calibration. Fix this later.
pboMode=1;
else
pboMode=0;
paintFlag=false;
void QGLCanvas::setImage(IplImage image)
if(QString(this->name)=="Background")
cvCopyImage(&image,bgFrameBackup);
//cvShowImage(name,&image);
// Display a rectangle between startX ,startY and endX,endY if we are in calibration mode
//and drawing flag is set.(typically, by a mouse click)
if(QString(this->name)=="Calibrate" && calibrating )
if(drawing)
cvRectangle(&image,cvPoint(startX,startY),cvPoint(endX,endY),cvScalarAll(0xee));
if(select_object) //During calibration
cvRectangle(&image,cvPoint(selection.x,selection.y),cvPoint(selection.x+selection.width,selection.y+selection.height),cvScalarAll(0xee));
//Draw existing calibration rectangles
for (list<CvRect>::iterator it=calibration_rect_list->begin(); it!=calibration_rect_list->end(); ++it)
cvRectangle(&image, cvPoint((*it).x, (*it).y), cvPoint((*it).x + (*it).width, (*it).y + (*it).height), CV_RGB(100,255,0), 2, 8, 0);
//Only draw on the video widget with the name "Final"
if(QString(this->name)=="Final")
if(calibrating && drawing)
cvRectangle(&image,cvPoint(startX,startY),cvPoint(endX,endY),cvScalarAll(0xee));
//If we are adding a rule, the corresponding rule shape must be drawn on the widget.
if(addingRule && drawing)
if(currentShape==RULE_SHAPE_RECT)
cvRectangle(&image,cvPoint(startX,startY),cvPoint(endX,endY),cvScalarAll(0xee));
else if(currentShape==RULE_SHAPE_POLY)
int linecolor=0xee;
if(points.count()>0)
//Draw polygon...
for(int i=1;i<points.count();i++)
cvLine(&image,cvPoint(points[i-1]->x(),points[i-1]->y()),cvPoint(points[i]->x(),points[i]->y()),cvScalarAll(linecolor));
cvLine(&image,cvPoint(startX,startY),cvPoint(endX,endY),cvScalarAll(0xee));
cvLine(&image,cvPoint(endX,endY),cvPoint(points[0]->x(),points[0]->y()),cvScalarAll(linecolor));
else if(currentShape==RULE_SHAPE_TRIPLINE)
for(int i=1;i<points.count();i++)
cvLine(&image,cvPoint(points[i-1]->x(),points[i-1]->y()),cvPoint(points[i]->x(),points[i]->y()),cvScalarAll(0xee));
cvLine(&image,cvPoint(startX,startY),cvPoint(endX,endY),cvScalarAll(0xee));
if(entryExitRuleCreated && currentZoneType==RULE_ZONE_TYPE_ENTRY_EXIT )
//Highlight appropriate sides of the currentRule to mark them as Entry/Exit Zone
for(int i=0;i<currentRule->points.count();i++)
QPoint* P1=currentRule->points[i];
QPoint* P2;
//Implement cyclic nature of polygon
if(i<currentRule->points.count()-1)
P2=currentRule->points[i+1];
else P2=currentRule->points[0];
int deltax=mouseX-P1->x();
int deltax1=P2->x()-P1->x();
float m,m1;
if(deltax!=0)
m= (float)(mouseY-P1->y())/deltax;
if(deltax1!=0 && deltax!=0)
m1=(float)(P2->y()-P1->y())/deltax1;
if(round(m,1)==round(m1,1))//Mouse pointer lies on the line whose slope is same as the polygon edge
//Mouse pointer is on the edge of a polygon, highlight the edge
if(abs(P1->y()-P2->y()) >= abs(mouseY-P2->y()) && abs(P1->y()-P2->y()) >= abs(mouseY-P1->y())
&& abs(P1->x()-P2->x()) >= abs(mouseX-P2->x()) && abs(P1->x()-P2->x()) >= abs(mouseX-P1->x())
)
edgeHighlighted=true;
highlightedEdge[0]=P1;
highlightedEdge[1]=P2;
currentEdgeNumber=i;
break;
else
edgeHighlighted=false;
else
//Vertical edge of a polygon.
if(abs(mouseX-P1->x())<4) //Same vertical line
if(abs(P1->y()-P2->y()) > abs(mouseY-P2->y()) && abs(P1->y()-P2->y()) > abs(mouseY-P1->y()))
//Current y lies between the two vertices of an edge
//Mouse pointer is on the edge of polygon,highlight the edge
//qDebug()<<"P1="<<P1->x()<<","<<P1->y()<<", P2="<<P2->x()<<","<<P2->y();
edgeHighlighted=true;
highlightedEdge[0]=P1;
highlightedEdge[1]=P2;
currentEdgeNumber=i;
break;
else
edgeHighlighted=false;
if(edgeHighlighted || edgeHighlightedFromButton)
cvLine(&image,cvPoint(highlightedEdge[0]->x(),highlightedEdge[0]->y()),cvPoint(highlightedEdge[1]->x(),highlightedEdge[1]->y()),cvScalar(0xff,0x00,0x00),3);
//qDebug()<<name<<":Saving original image";
ExclusiveLock xlock(globalXMutex);
this->original=ℑ
paintFlag=true;
updateGL();
/*if(this->name=="Final")
cvShowImage("Final",original);
cvWaitKey(1);
*/
//Texture is generated here
void QGLCanvas::initializeGL()
glDisable(GL_LIGHTING);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0); // background color
glClearStencil(0); // clear stencil buffer
glClearDepth(1.0f); // 0 is near, 1 is far
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glGenTextures(1,&texture);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,texture);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,texture);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D,0,GL_RGB,WIDTH,HEIGHT,0,GL_BGR,GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,NULL);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
glClearStencil(0); // clear stencil buffer
glClearDepth(1.0f); // 0 is near, 1 is far
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
setAutoBufferSwap(false);
void QGLCanvas::resizeGL(int width,int height)
if (height==0) // Prevent A Divide By Zero By
height=1; // Making Height Equal One
glViewport(0,0,WIDTH,HEIGHT); // Reset The Current Viewport
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); // Select The Projection Matrix
glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The Projection Matrix
glOrtho(0.0f,WIDTH,HEIGHT,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); // Select The Modelview Matrix
glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The Modelview Matrix
【问题讨论】：
也许您在处理 iplimage 时泄漏了内存？你从哪里得到的？您是否正在对其进行任何未发布的转换/复制？ 您发布的代码没有内存分配。那里不可能有内存泄漏。 只有当我在 qglwidget 上“显示”iplimages 时才会发生内存泄漏。我通过只注释paintGL代码来检查它，内存泄漏消失了。这就是为什么我说我已将问题本地化到此代码。不过我还是把剩下的代码加进去了，以防万一。 我仍在寻找替代解决方案，但我遇到了这个gamedev.net/topic/…。原来，只有 Windows 7（带有 nvidia 7950GT）有这个问题！我在另外两台装有 WinXp 和 ATI 和 Matrox 卡的电脑上试了试，没有发生内存泄漏！也许这是微软的说法“使用directdraw，而不是opengl”？ 【参考方案1】：您在纹理对象（应该是缓冲区对象）上调用 glDeleteBuffers()，或者更确切地说，我认为根本不应该在这里。与其他 GL 对象一样，每次 glGen() 调用只需 glDelete() 一次。
您正在调用 glFlush() 和 swapBuffers()，我相信 Qt 会为您解决这个问题。
OpenGL 驱动程序可能存在内存泄漏。尝试不使用 PBO。
在每次 GL 调用后尝试 glGetError() 以查看您是否在其他地方犯了错误。
【讨论】：
我禁用了 Qt 的自动交换缓冲区标志，这就是我使用 swapBuffers 的原因，因为自动缓冲区交换对我不起作用。我也在不使用 PBO 的情况下进行了检查。问题仍然存在（仅在 Windows 7 上，这可能是驱动程序问题）。以上是关于opengl使用bmp纹理映射画不出东西的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章