python3 zabbix3.4 API

Posted 2021-04-06 运维百科

这里使用python3,zabbix3.4 创建主机组-主机-应用集-监控项-触发器整个流程，脚本如下：

#! /usr/bin/env python3# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import requestsimport jsonimport reimport subprocess
url = 'http://1.1.1.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php'username = 'admin'password = '1111111111'

# 定义通过HTTP方式访问API地址的函数，后面每次请求API的各个方法都会调用这个函数def requestJson(url, values): data = json.dumps(values) headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'} response = requests.post(url, data=data, headers=headers) output = json.loads(response.text) try: message = output['result'] except: message = output['error']['data'] print(message) quit() return output['result']

# 2、API接口认证的函数，登录成功会返回一个Tokendef authenticate(url, username, password): values = {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'method': 'user.login', 'params': { 'user': username, 'password': password }, 'id': '0' } idvalue = requestJson(url, values) return idvalue # 结果是一个token值：cc75ed2a314906a835ac0786266468ac

# 创建主机组:def creategroup(auth, group_name): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "hostgroup.create", "params": { "name": group_name }, "auth": auth, "id": 1 } output = requestJson(url, values) return output

# 根据组名获取组id: 获取"wangjie_test" 组的iddef get_group(auth, group_name): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "hostgroup.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "filter": { # 如果没有filter 默认会获取所有组信息 "name": [ group_name, ] } }, "auth": auth, "id": 1 } output = requestJson(url, values) return output[0]['groupid']

# 创建主机，并添加到对应主机组中def create_host(auth, hostname, ip, gid, templateid): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.create", "params": { # 1、主机名称 "host": hostname, # 2、为主机创建的接口 "interfaces": [ { "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": ip, "dns": "", "port": "10050" } ], # 3、将主机添加到主机组中 "groups": [ { "groupid": gid, } ], # 4、链接一个模板 "templates": [ { "templateid": templateid } ], }, "auth": auth, "id": 1 } output = requestJson(url, values) return output

# 获取主机组 iddef get_group(auth, group_name): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "hostgroup.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "filter": { # 如果没有filter 默认会获取所有组信息 "name": [ group_name, ] } }, "auth": auth, "id": 1 } output = requestJson(url, values) return output[0]['groupid']

# 获取模板id：根据模板名称获取模板iddef get_template(auth, template_name): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "template.get", "params": { "output": ["host", "templateid"], "filter": { "host": [template_name, ] } }, "auth": auth, "id": 1 } output = requestJson(url, values) return output[0]['templateid']

# 模板添加到指定的主机中def massadd_template_hosts(auth, templateid, hostid): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "template.massadd", "params": { "templates": [ { "templateid": templateid }, ], "hosts": [ { "hostid": hostid } ] }, "auth": auth, "id": 1 } output = requestJson(url, values) return output

# 创建应用集def create_application(auth, app_name, hostid): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "application.create", "params": { "name": app_name, "hostid": hostid }, "auth": auth, "id": 1 } output = requestJson(url, values) return output # 运行后就可以在对应主机的监控项页面看到刚创建的监控项了

# 根据主机和应用集的名称获取应用集的iddef get_application(auth, hostid, name): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "application.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "hostids": hostid, "sortfield": "name", "filter": { "name": [name, ] } }, "auth": auth, "id": 1 } output = requestJson(url, values) return output[0]["applicationid"] # 运行后就可以在对应主机的监控项页面看到刚创建的监控项了

# 创建监控项def create_item(auth, item_name, item_key, hostid, interfaceid, applications_id): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "item.create", "params": { "name": item_name, "key_": item_key, # 键值必须和agent的key值相同 "hostid": hostid, "type": 7, "value_type": 2, "interfaceid": interfaceid, "applications": [applications_id], # 监控项可以归属默写 "应用集" 这里就不关联了 "delay": "30s", "history": "3d" }, "auth": auth, "id": 1 } output = requestJson(url, values) return output

# 获取主机id 和 interfaceiddef get_host(auth, hostname): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.get", "params": { "output": ['name', 'hostid', ], "filter": { "host": [hostname, ] }, "selectInterfaces": [ # 添加这个参数为了获取interfaceid的值 "interfaceid", "ip" ], }, "auth": auth, "id": 1 } output = requestJson(url, values) interfaceid = output[0]['interfaces'][0]['interfaceid'] hostid = output[0]['hostid'] return {'interfaceid': interfaceid, 'hostid': hostid}

# 创建 一个/多个 触发器def create_trigger(auth, description, expression, type): values = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "trigger.create", "params": [ { "description": description, # 名称：告警描述信息 "expression": expression, # 表达式 "priority": "4", # 设置告警级别(0:未分类; 1:信息; 2:警告; 3:一般严重 ...) "type": type # 事件生产模式，端口监控是0，日志是1 }, # { # 创建多个只需加一个字典即可 # "description": "Too many processes on {HOST.NAME}", # "expression": "{Linux server:proc.num[].avg(5m)}>300", # } ], "auth": auth, "id": 4 } output = requestJson(url, values) return output # 运行后就可以在对应主机的监控项页面看到刚创建的监控项了
def get_tomcat_name(): tomcat_name = "/bin/find /usr/local/installed -name 'server.xml' | sort -n | uniq -c | awk -F'/' '{print $5}'" t = subprocess.Popen(tomcat_name, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0].decode('utf8') tomcats = [] for tomcat in t.split('\n'): if len(tomcat) != 0: tomcats.append(tomcat) return tomcats

host_group = "wangjie_test2" # 主机组名称template_name = "Template OS Linux" # 模板名称host_name = "1.1.1.5" # 主机名称host_ip = "1.1.1.5" # 主机ipapp_name = ["Logs", "Monitor_Port"] # 应用集名称列表tomcat_list = get_tomcat_name()description_log = []description_port = []expression_log = []expression_port = []trigger_expression_log = []trigger_expression_port = []
auth = authenticate(url, username, password) # 登录获取tokentry: gid = get_group(auth, host_group) # 获取主机组idexcept IndexError as e: creategroup(auth, host_group)gid = get_group(auth, host_group) # 获取主机组idprint("主机组id", gid)template_id = get_template(auth, template_name)print("模板id", template_id)
# #创建主机create_host(auth, host_name, host_ip, gid, template_id)host_dic = get_host(auth, host_name)host_id = host_dic['hostid']print(host_id)
# 创建应用集for name in app_name: print(name) create_application(auth, name, host_id)
# 给对应的应用集创建监控项for tomcat in tomcat_list: tomcat_port = re.split('-', tomcat)[-1] print(tomcat_port) description_log.append(tomcat + "日志监控") description_port.append(tomcat + "端口监控") tomcat_log_dir = "/usr/local/installed/" + tomcat + "/logs/system_sys.log" trigger_expression_log.append("{%s:log[%s,ERROR].regexp(ERROR)}=1 and {%s:log[%s,ERROR].count(300,ERROR)}<6" % ( host_ip, tomcat_log_dir, host_ip, tomcat_log_dir)) trigger_expression_port.append("{%s:net.tcp.port[%s,%s].last()}<>1" % (host_ip, host_ip, tomcat_port)) expression_log.append("log[%s,ERROR]" % tomcat_log_dir) expression_port.append("net.tcp.port[%s,%s]" % (host_ip, tomcat_port))
for name in app_name: applications_id = (get_application(auth, host_id, name)) if name == "Logs": for i in range(len(description_log)): create_item(auth, description_log[i], expression_log[i], host_dic['hostid'], host_dic['interfaceid'], applications_id) if name == "Monitor_Port": for i in range(len(description_port)): create_item(auth, description_port[i], expression_port[i], host_dic['hostid'], host_dic['interfaceid'], applications_id)
###为了监控项创建触发器for i in range(len(tomcat_list)): create_trigger(auth, description_log[i], trigger_expression_log[i], 1) create_trigger(auth, description_port[i], trigger_expression_port[i], 0)