sap接口开发前需要搭建结构吗

Posted 2023-04-19

搭建SAP接口的结构是必要的，它可以帮助开发人员更快地开发和实施接口。它不仅提供了一个统一的框架，而且还支持复杂的技术架构。搭建结构的过程涉及到定义接口的消息类型、目标系统类型以及接口技术的支持，以及接口的设计和实施。

首先，需要确定接口的消息类型，以决定是同步消息传输还是异步消息传输。其次，需要确定目标系统类型，以确定与之交互的接口技术，如XML，JSON或EDI等。此外，还需要确定接口支持的技术架构，以确定解决方案的可行性。

接下来，需要设计接口，这意味着需要设计接口构建块，如接口模式、消息传输、消息处理等，以便在接口层面实现业务要求。最后，需要实施接口，涉及到编写接口代码，配置接口参数，安装接口软件等。

总之，搭建SAP接口的结构是必要的，它可以帮助开发人员更灵活地开发和实施接口，以满足业务需求。 参考技术A sap接口开发前需要搭建结构包括：1.明确开发需求；2.制定开发方案；3.确定接口类型和技术架构；4.选择合适的sap接口开发工具；5.搭建环境和数据库；6.编写sap接口程序；7.编写sap接口测试代码；8.调试和测试sap接口。

sap restful json接口动态调用RFC，生成动态结构

需求：项目上有一个restful接口需求，想着能不能做成动态的，只发布一个sap的restful接口出去，然后外围系统根据不同的json来动态调用sap的rfc。

结果：结合同事以前的开发demo和abapgit上面大佬的abap_fm_json demo，写了一个简易的demo，如下代码：

  METHOD http_broker.

    DATA: ptab             TYPE abap_func_parmbind_tab,
          ptab_line        TYPE abap_func_parmbind,
          etab             TYPE abap_func_excpbind_tab,
          etab_line        TYPE abap_func_excpbind,
          data_export      TYPE REF TO data,
          data_ref         TYPE REF TO data,
          lv_response_json TYPE string.         "接口返回参数

    DATA: dyn_table TYPE REF TO data.

    DATA: lt_dd04l TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF dd04l.
    DATA:lv_error_msg TYPE bapi_msg.

    "检查函数是否存在
    SELECT funcname, paramtype, pposition, parameter, structure
      FROM fupararef
     WHERE funcname = @iv_function_name
      INTO TABLE @DATA(parameters_tab).

    IF sy-subrc <> 0.
      response->set_status( code = 400 reason = 'target_function no exist,Please check the url address' ).
      EXIT.
    ENDIF.

    LOOP AT parameters_tab ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ptab>).
      IF strlen( <ptab>-structure ) > 30.
        CONTINUE.
      ENDIF.
      lt_dd04l = VALUE #( BASE lt_dd04l ( domname = <ptab>-structure ) ).
    ENDLOOP.

    IF lt_dd04l IS NOT INITIAL.
      SELECT domname FROM dd04l
        FOR ALL ENTRIES IN @lt_dd04l
        WHERE domname = @lt_dd04l-domname
        INTO TABLE @DATA(data_elements).
    ENDIF.

    " MAPPING 字段映射
    me->json_mapping( EXPORTING iv_function_name = iv_function_name
                      IMPORTING name_mappings_i  = DATA(lt_mapping_i)
                                name_mappings_o  = DATA(lt_mapping_o)
                                name_mappings_x  = DATA(lt_mapping_x) ).

    TRY.
        "函数入参动态拼接
        LOOP AT parameters_tab ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<parameter>).

          CLEAR ptab_line.
          ptab_line-name = <parameter>-parameter.
          ptab_line-kind = COND #( WHEN <parameter>-paramtype = 'E' THEN abap_func_importing
                                   WHEN <parameter>-paramtype = 'I' THEN abap_func_exporting
                                   WHEN <parameter>-paramtype = 'T' THEN abap_func_tables
                                   WHEN <parameter>-paramtype = 'C' THEN abap_func_changing
                                   ELSE                                  ''
          ).

          DATA(json_field_name) = COND string( WHEN ptab_line-kind = abap_func_exporting THEN 'IMPORT'
                                               WHEN ptab_line-kind = abap_func_tables    THEN 'TABLE'
                                               WHEN ptab_line-kind = abap_func_changing  THEN 'CHANGE'
                                               WHEN ptab_line-kind = abap_func_importing THEN 'EXPORT'
                                               ELSE                                           ''
          ).

          "解析传入参数
          DATA(json) = request->get_cdata( ).
          DATA(json_data) = zcl_json=>generate( json = json name_mappings = lt_mapping_i ).
          ASSIGN json_data->* TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<json_data>).

          READ TABLE lt_mapping_x INTO DATA(ls_x) WITH KEY abap = <parameter>-parameter.
          IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
            DATA(lv_parameter) = ls_x-json.
          ELSE.
            lv_parameter = <parameter>-parameter.
          ENDIF.
          "根据函数的入参匹配接口传入参数
          ASSIGN COMPONENT lv_parameter OF STRUCTURE <json_data> TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<parameter_val>).
          IF sy-subrc <> 0 OR json_field_name = 'EXPORT'.

            CASE json_field_name.
              WHEN 'TABLE'.
                "创建动态表结构
                CREATE DATA dyn_table TYPE TABLE OF (<parameter>-structure).
                "创建动态内表
                ASSIGN dyn_table->* TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<dyn_table>).
                GET REFERENCE OF <dyn_table> INTO ptab_line-value.
                INSERT ptab_line INTO TABLE ptab.
                CONTINUE.
              WHEN OTHERS.
                "动态定义承接返回参数的结构
                CREATE DATA data_export TYPE (<parameter>-structure).
                ASSIGN data_export TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<data_export>).
                ptab_line-value = <data_export>.
                INSERT ptab_line INTO TABLE ptab.
                CONTINUE.
            ENDCASE.

          ENDIF.

          CREATE DATA data_ref TYPE (<parameter>-structure).
          FIELD-SYMBOLS: <temp> TYPE any.
          ASSIGN <parameter_val>->* TO <temp>.

          IF data_ref IS BOUND.
            ASSIGN data_ref->* TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<data_ref>).
          ENDIF.

          "将传入参数按照特定格式转换
          IF line_exists( data_elements[ domname = <parameter>-structure ] ).
            <data_ref> = <temp>.
          ELSE.
            DATA(json_temp) = /ui2/cl_json=>serialize( data = <parameter_val> ).
            /ui2/cl_json=>deserialize( EXPORTING json = json_temp name_mappings = lt_mapping_i CHANGING data = <data_ref> ).
          ENDIF.

          GET REFERENCE OF <data_ref> INTO ptab_line-value.

          INSERT ptab_line INTO TABLE ptab.

        ENDLOOP.

      CATCH cx_sy_create_data_error INTO DATA(lo_data_error).
        lv_error_msg = lo_data_error->get_text( ).
        me->set_message( EXPORTING request          = request
                                   iv_function_name = iv_function_name
                                   iv_code          = 400
                                   iv_mtype         = 'E'
                                   iv_reason        = 'target_function Handling Exceptions'
                                   iv_message       = lv_error_msg
                         IMPORTING response         = response ).
        EXIT.
    ENDTRY.

    etab_line-name = 'OTHERS'.
    etab_line-value = 10.
    INSERT etab_line INTO TABLE etab.

    TRY.
        "动态调用函数，业务逻辑部分
        CALL FUNCTION iv_function_name
          PARAMETER-TABLE
          ptab
          EXCEPTION-TABLE
          etab.

        SORT parameters_tab BY parameter.
        CLEAR:data_ref.
        UNASSIGN:<data_ref>.
        LOOP AT ptab INTO ptab_line WHERE kind <> abap_func_exporting.

          ASSIGN ptab_line-value->* TO <data_ref>.
          "Serialize Data to Json
          DATA(lv_string) = /ui2/cl_json=>serialize( data = <data_ref> name_mappings = lt_mapping_o ).

          READ TABLE lt_mapping_x INTO ls_x WITH KEY abap = ptab_line-name.
          IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
            lv_parameter = ls_x-json.
          ELSE.
            lv_parameter = ptab_line-name.
          ENDIF.

          IF lv_response_json IS INITIAL.
            lv_response_json = |" lv_parameter ": lv_string |.
          ELSE.
            lv_response_json = | lv_response_json ," lv_parameter ": lv_string |.
          ENDIF.

        ENDLOOP.

        lv_response_json = '' && lv_response_json && ''.

      CATCH cx_sy_dyn_call_param_not_found INTO DATA(lo_error_no_found).
        lv_error_msg = lo_error_no_found->get_text( ).
      CATCH cx_sy_dyn_call_param_missing INTO DATA(lo_error_missing).
        lv_error_msg = lo_error_missing->get_text( ).
      CATCH cx_sy_dyn_call_parameter_error INTO DATA(lo_error_parameter).
        lv_error_msg = lo_error_parameter->get_text( ).
      CATCH cx_sy_dyn_call_error INTO DATA(lo_error_call).
        lv_error_msg = lo_error_call->get_text( ).
    ENDTRY.
    IF lv_error_msg IS NOT INITIAL.
      me->set_message( EXPORTING request          = request
                                 iv_function_name = iv_function_name
                                 iv_code          = 400
                                 iv_mtype         = 'E'
                                 iv_reason        = 'target_function Handling Exceptions'
                                 iv_message       = lv_error_msg
                       IMPORTING response         = response ).
      EXIT.
    ENDIF.

    response->set_status( code = 200 reason = '' ).
    response->set_header_field( name = 'Content-Type' value = 'application/json' ).
    response->set_cdata( lv_response_json  ).

  ENDMETHOD.

PS：里面有一些表和mapping方法可以去掉，对代码本身没有影响。