IO流--11--复制文件

Posted 2021-07-25 高高for 循环

1.字节缓冲流:

实现非文本文件的读写

• BufferedInputStream
• BufferedOutputStream

 @Test
    public void BufferedStreamTest() throws FileNotFoundException {
        BufferedInputStream bis = null;
        BufferedOutputStream bos = null;

        try {
            //1.造文件
            File srcFile = new File("爱情与友情.jpg");
            File destFile = new File("爱情与友情3.jpg");
            //2.造流
            //2.1 造节点流
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream((srcFile));
            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(destFile);
            //2.2 造缓冲流
            bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis);
            bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos);

            //3.复制的细节：读取、写入
            byte[] buffer = new byte[10];
            int len;
            while((len = bis.read(buffer)) != -1){
                bos.write(buffer,0,len);

//                bos.flush();//刷新缓冲区

            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //4.资源关闭
            //要求：先关闭外层的流，再关闭内层的流
            if(bos != null){
                try {
                    bos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
            if(bis != null){
                try {
                    bis.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
            //说明：关闭外层流的同时，内层流也会自动的进行关闭。关于内层流的关闭，我们可以省略.
//        fos.close();
//        fis.close();
        }

    }

2.字符缓冲流:

实现文本文件的读写

• BufferedReader
• BufferedWriter

 @Test
    public void testBufferedReaderBufferedWriter(){
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            //创建文件和相应的流
            br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File("dbcp.txt")));
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(new File("dbcp1.txt")));

            //读写操作
            //方式一：使用char[]数组
//            char[] cbuf = new char[1024];
//            int len;
//            while((len = br.read(cbuf)) != -1){
//                bw.write(cbuf,0,len);
//    //            bw.flush();
//            }

            //方式二：使用String
            String data;
            while((data = br.readLine()) != null){
                //方法一：
//                bw.write(data + "\\n");//data中不包含换行符
                //方法二：
                bw.write(data);//data中不包含换行符
                bw.newLine();//提供换行的操作

            }


        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //关闭资源
            if(bw != null){

                try {
                    bw.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(br != null){
                try {
                    br.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }

    }

}

方法 bw.write(str); str中不包含换行符

方法 br.readLine()提供换行的操作 bw.write(str);

方法 bw.flush(); 刷新缓存区

通道Channel

Paths对象

获取通道:Channel

1. Java 针对支持通道的类提供了getChannel()

本地 IO：

• FileInputStream/FileOutputStream
• RandomAccessFile

网络IO：

• Socket
• ServerSocket
• DatagramSocket

            fis = new FileInputStream("d:/1.mkv");
			fos = new FileOutputStream("d:/2.mkv");
			
			inChannel = fis.getChannel();
			outChannel = fos.getChannel();

2. 在 JDK 1.7 中的 NIO.2 针对各个通道提供了静态方法 open()

FileChannel.open(Paths.get("d:/1.mkv"), StandardOpenOption.READ);

3. 在 JDK 1.7 中的 NIO.2 的Files 工具类的 newByteChannel()

FileChannel 常用方法:

3.使用通道完成文件的复制

@Test
	public void test1(){//10874-10953
		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
		
		FileInputStream fis = null;
		FileOutputStream fos = null;
		//①获取通道
		FileChannel inChannel = null;
		FileChannel outChannel = null;
		try {
			fis = new FileInputStream("d:/1.mkv");
			fos = new FileOutputStream("d:/2.mkv");
			
			inChannel = fis.getChannel();
			outChannel = fos.getChannel();
			
			//②分配指定大小的缓冲区
			ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
			
			//③将通道中的数据存入缓冲区中
			while(inChannel.read(buf) != -1){
				buf.flip(); //切换读取数据的模式
				//④将缓冲区中的数据写入通道中
				outChannel.write(buf);
				buf.clear(); //清空缓冲区
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if(outChannel != null){
				try {
					outChannel.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			
			if(inChannel != null){
				try {
					inChannel.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			
			if(fos != null){
				try {
					fos.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			
			if(fis != null){
				try {
					fis.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		
		long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("耗费时间为：" + (end - start));
		
	}

4.使用直接缓冲区完成文件的复制（内存映射文件）

 @Test
    public void test02(){

        FileChannel inChannel = null;
        FileChannel outChannel = null;
        try {
            inChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("未来.jpg"), StandardOpenOption.READ);
            outChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("未来02.jpg"), StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.READ, StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
            //内存映射文件
            MappedByteBuffer inMappedBuf = inChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, inChannel.size());
            MappedByteBuffer outMappedBuf = outChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, inChannel.size());

            //直接对缓冲区进行数据的读写操作
            byte[] dst = new byte[inMappedBuf.limit()];
            inMappedBuf.get(dst);
            outMappedBuf.put(dst);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if(outChannel!=null){
                    outChannel.close();
                }
                if(inChannel!=null){
                    inChannel.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    }

5.通道之间的数据传输

transferFrom()

transferTo()

	//通道之间的数据传输(直接缓冲区)
	@Test
	public void test3() throws IOException{
		FileChannel inChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("d:/1.mkv"), StandardOpenOption.READ);
		FileChannel outChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("d:/2.mkv"), StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.READ, StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
		
//		inChannel.transferTo(0, inChannel.size(), outChannel);
		outChannel.transferFrom(inChannel, 0, inChannel.size());
		
		inChannel.close();
		outChannel.close();
	}