Web服务器群集——部署Java项目，实现Nginx反向代理Tomcat服务器

Posted 2021-07-20 Pakho`

部署Java项目，实现nginx反向代理Tomcat服务器

• • 环境准备
  • 安装TOMCAT
  • 安装MySQL
  • 部署JAVA项目
  • • 打包Java项目
    • 将war包导入tomcat网页根目录
    • 实现Nginx反向代理

环境准备

tomcat1:192.168.100.10
tomcat2:192.168.100.11
nginx:192.168.100.12

安装TOMCAT

两台TOMCAT服务器同时操作

[root@tomcat1 ~]# ls
apache-tomcat-8.5.9.tar.gz  java-demo-master.zip  jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz

[root@tomcat1 ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.9.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@tomcat1 ~]# tar xf jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@tomcat1 local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-8.5.9 tomcat
[root@tomcat1 local]# ln -s jdk1.8.0_291 java

#修改环境变量
[root@tomcat1 ~]# vim /etc/profile
#末行添加
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java                             
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH                             
export JAVA_HOME PATH 
[root@tomcat1 ~]# source /etc/profile                                    #使变量生效
[root@tomcat1 ~]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_291"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_291-b10)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.291-b10, mixed mode)

[root@tomcat1 ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
http://192.168.100.10:8080/                                              #使用浏览器访问测试
[root@tomcat1 ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh                      #测试完成后关闭服务器,切记

安装mysql

[root@tomcat1 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server
[root@tomcat1 ~]# systemctl start mariadb

部署JAVA项目

[root@tomcat1 ~]# unzip java-demo-master.zip

#执行sql语句将表导入数据库
[root@tomcat1 db]# pwd
/root/java-demo-master/db

#sql语句
[root@tomcat1 db]# cat tables_ly_tomcat.sql 
/*
MySQL - 5.6.30-log : Database - test
*/
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `test`  DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 ;
USE `test`;

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '名字',
  `age` INT(3) NOT NULL COMMENT '年龄',
  `sex` CHAR(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

COMMIT;

#在sql语句的目录当前登录mysql
[root@tomcat1 db]# mysql -uroot -p'123456'

#数据库部分

#将sql语句导入表
MariaDB [(none)]> use test;
MariaDB [test]> source tables_ly_tomcat.sql;

Database changed
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [test]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| user           |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [test]> desc user;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id    | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| name  | varchar(100) | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| age   | int(3)       | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| sex   | char(1)      | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

打包Java项目

#安装maven
[root@tomcat1 java-demo-master]# yum -y install maven

#位于java项目目录
[root@tomcat1 java-demo-master]# pwd
/root/java-demo-master

#输入打包命令
[root@tomcat1 java-demo-master]# mvn package -DskipTests=True  

#打包完成后有个target包中会有打包完成的tar包
[root@tomcat1 java-demo-master]# ls
db  pom.xml  src  target

将war包导入tomcat网页根目录

#清除tomcat默认主页文件
[root@tomcat1 ROOT]# rm -rf ./*

#将war包copy进网页根目录
[root@tomcat1 target]# cp ly-simple-tomcat-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/

#将war包解压
[root@tomcat1 ROOT]# unzip ly-simple-tomcat-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war

[root@tomcat1 ROOT]# ls
ly-simple-tomcat-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war  META-INF  WEB-INF

#对接数据库
[root@tomcat1 ROOT]# vim WEB-INF/classes/application.yml
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf-8
    username: root
    password: 123456

[root@tomcat1 ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh                       #启动tomcat

#在数据库中查看
MariaDB [test]> select * from test.user;
+----+-------------+-----+------+
| id | name        | age | sex  |
+----+-------------+-----+------+
|  1 | 91何先生    |  24 | M    |
|  2 | 夯先生      |  25 | M    |
+----+-------------+-----+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

#tomcat2操作同1 需对接数据库
[root@tomcat2 ROOT]# vim WEB-INF/classes/application.yml
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.100.10:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf-8
    username: root
    password: 123456

#进入数据库授权
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.*  to 'root'@'192.168.100.11' identified by '123456';

MariaDB [(none)]> select * from test.user;
+----+-------------+-----+------+
| id | name        | age | sex  |
+----+-------------+-----+------+
|  1 | 91何先生    |  24 | M    |
|  2 | 夯先生      |  25 | M    |
|  3 | 91皮先生    |  23 | M    |
+----+-------------+-----+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

实现Nginx反向代理

[root@nginx ~]# yum -y install nginx-1.18.0-2.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl start nginx

#修改主配置文件
[root@nginx ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#http{}中添加
    upstream java {
        server 192.168.100.10:8080 weight=1;
        server 192.168.100.11:8080 weight=1;
        }

#修改子配置文件
[root@nginx ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
#location中添加设置推送给tomcat服务器集群
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
        proxy_pass http://java;
    }
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl restart nginx

• 轮询是upstream的默认分配方式，即每个请求按照时间顺序轮流分配到不同的后端服务器
• proxy_pass即是代理转发，在proxy_pass后面的url写入之前添加的服务池 名字为java

访问Nginx IP地址

#再次查看数据库,读取成功
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from test.user;
+----+-------------+-----+------+
| id | name        | age | sex  |
+----+-------------+-----+------+
|  1 | 91何先生    |  24 | M    |
|  2 | 夯先生      |  25 | M    |
|  3 | 91皮先生    |  23 | M    |
|  4 | 611         |  22 | M    |
+----+-------------+-----+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查看Nginx访问日志

[root@nginx ~]# tailf /var/log/nginx/access.log