如何在阿里云centos7安装mysql8数据库

Posted 2021-04-02 等铁锅的大鹅

一、安装mysql

1. mysql官网查找仓库源镜像，选择downloads

https://www.mysql.com/downloads/

2. 找到社区版

3. 选择yum仓库

4. 选择对应版本，点击Download（centos7-->选择linux7）

5. 右键下载链接，获得地址

https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

6. 创建目录并下载mysql

mkdir -p /usr/dev/mysql8

cd /usr/dev/mysql8

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

如果提示没有wget命令，则需要安装wget
yum install wget

7. 安装mysql8安装源

rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

8. 安装mysql服务

yum install mysql-server

选择y后等待下载完成

如果下载速度慢可更换yum源

备份原yum源
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

设置aliyun的yum源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

更新缓存
yum makecache

yum -y update

9. yum安装的mysql目录

mysql 目录	说明
/var/lib/mysql	mysql数据文件存放路径，可自定义
/etc/my.cnf	mysql配置文件路径
/usr/lib64/mysql	mysql库文件路径
/usr/bin/mysql*	mysql二进制可执行文件路径
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld	mysql服务管理脚本地址
/var/log/mysqld.log	mysql日志文件路径

二、配置mysql

1. 查看mysql服务状态

【关闭状态】 

2. 启动mysql服务

systemctl start mysqld.service

3. 查看初始化密码

tail -f  /var/log/mysqld.log

4. 默认密码登录后修改密码

mysql -uroot -p

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword';

5. 创建新用户并授权访问

-- 新增用户
create user 'myuser'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'mypassword';
-- 授权访问
grant all privileges on *.* to 'myuser'@'%';
-- 刷新授权
flush privileges;

-- 退出root
exit;

6. 设置mysql开机自启

systemctl enable mysqld.service

三、常用命令

rpm -qa | grep mysql #搜索查询  mysql 

pwd #查看当前路径    
cd #切换到指定目录

启动和管理mysql：    
systemctl start mysqld.service #启动    
systemctl stop mysqld.service  #关闭    
systemctl restart mysqld.service #重启    
systemctl status mysqld.service  #查看状态    
systemctl enable mysqld.service  #开机自启动    
systemctl disable mysqld.service  #开机不自启动