win10平台MySQL 5.7安装与配置

Posted 2021-07-19 sanqima

    mysql是一个开源的数据库，使用起来非常方便。MySQL从v5.6.2开始，都采用压缩包.zip的方式解压安装，配置环境即可使用。下面介绍在win10平台上，MySQL 5.7.33社区版的解压安装与环境配置。

1、下载MySQL 5.7.33压缩包

    MySQL社区版官网: https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

• 进入MySQL社区版官网，选择MySQL的版本为 5.7.33，平台为Windows，系统位数为64
• 选中第一行ZIP Archive [Download]即可,如图(1)所示。

图(1) 选择MySQL 5.7.33 ZIP Archive下载

2、解压MySQL 5.7.33.zip，并配置环境

2.1 解压MySQL 5.7.33.zip

• 将mysql-5.7.33-winx64.zip解压，然后将文件名称由mysql-5.7.33-winx64 改为 mysql_5_7_33_winx64

2.2 配置MYSQL_HOME

• 在系统环境变量中添加MYSQL_HOME变量，把 %MYSQL_HOME%\\bin 添加到系统变量Path路径里，如图(2)、图(3)所示。

图(2) 添加MYSQL_HOME系统环境变量

图(2) 在Path里添加 %MYSQL_HOME%\\bin

3、添加2个.ini配置文件

3.1 添加my-default.ini

    在bin的上一级目录，即在D:\\DBtools\\mysql_5_7_33_winx64目录里，新建一个my-defualt.ini文件，内容如下:
    //D:\\DBtools\\mysql_5_7_33_winx64\\my-defualt.ini

[mysqld]
port = 3306
basedir=D:\\DBtools\\mysql_5_7_33_winx64
datadir=D:\\DBtools\\mysql_5_7_33_winx64\\data
max_connections=200
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

3.2 添加my.ini

    在bin目录，即在D:\\DBtools\\mysql_5_7_33_winx64\\bin目录里，新建一个my.ini文件，内容如下:
    //D:\\DBtools\\mysql_5_7_33_winx64\\bin\\my.ini

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir=D:\\DBtools\\mysql_5_7_33_winx64
datadir=D:\\DBtools\\mysql_5_7_33_winx64\\data
port = 3306
# server_id = .....


# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

4、初始化

    按Win+R，输入cmd，然后将Shift+Ctrl+Enter这3个键一起按，切换到管理员方式，再进入到MySQL的bin目录，依次使用如下命令：

d:
cd D:\\DBtools\\mysql_5_7_33_winx64\\bin
mysqld --install
mysqld --initialize

如图(4)所示：

图(4) 初始化MySQL数据库

5、首次修改MySQL的root密码

• 启动MySQL数据库

net start mysql

• 修改MySQL的root密码

mysql -u root -p
Enter password:不用输入,直接按回车键
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '你的密码';

    如图(5)所示。

图(5) 设置MySQL的root密码

    需要说明的是，这种修改方法只对首次修改有效，如果是第二次修改、第三次修改root密码，则需要进入MySQL安全模式才可以，具体请查看 :
https://blog.csdn.net/sanqima/article/details/110039799