安装MySQL

Posted 2021-07-08 leithda

安装mysql

方式一_本地安装

•查询并卸载系统自带的Mariadb

rpm -qa | grep mariadbrpm -e --nodeps {查询到的文件名}

•下载安装文件

sudo wget -O ~/install/mysql-community-server-5.7.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-community-server-5.7.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

•创建数据存储文件夹

mkdir -p ~/data/mysql/data

•编辑配置文件,如无新增, vi /etc/my.cnf

[client]port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sock[mysqld]character_set_server=utf8init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'basedir=/usr/local/mysql# 指定为刚才创建的数据存储文件夹datadir=/home/blog/data/mysql/datasocket=/tmp/mysql.socklog-error=/var/log/mysqld.logpid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid#不区分大小写lower_case_table_names = 1sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTIONmax_connections=5000default-time_zone = '+8:00'

•安装MySQL服务

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/home/blog/data/mysql/data --lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share --lc_messages=en_US

•查看初始密码

cat /var/log/mysqld.log
# 查找A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: xxx# 其中xxx为初始密码

•启动MySQL

/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

•登录MySQL

mysql -u root -p {密码}

•修改密码

set password=password(‘blog123’);

•开启远程连接

UPDATE mysql.user SET Host = '%', User = 'root' WHERE (Host = 'localhost') AND (User = 'root');FLUSH PRIVILEGES;然后exit;退出mysql

•设置开机自启动

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files && cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld && chkconfig --add mysqld

•重启MySQL

service mysqld restart

方式二_Docker安装(推荐)

由于本地安装的复杂性，推荐使用Docker安装，其中Docker安装MySQL的缺点请查看：https://blog.csdn.net/github_38592071/article/details/107328900

1.安装docker(已完成)

2.查看可用的MySQL版本

Docker-MySQL版本^[1]

3.拉取docker镜像（可以直接使用第7步操作进行拉取）

docker pull mysql:5.7# docker pull mysql:{tag}# 如 docker pull mysql:5.7# docker pull mysql 会默认拉取最新版本

4.查看是否拉取成功

docker images

5.创建本地数据目录及复制MySQL的配置文件

mkdir -p /home/blog/data/mysql/data /home/blog/data/mysql/logs /home/blog/data/mysql/conf

├── mysql│ ├── conf # 拷贝自MySQL│ │ ├── docker.cnf│ │ ├── mysql.cnf│ │ └── mysqldump.cnf│ ├── data│ └── logs

•配置文件挂载到服务器主要为了修改方便，配置文件可以通过如下方式获取.

# 启动获取配置文件的docker容器$ docker run -p 23306:3306 --name mysql_config -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -d mysql:5.7
# 查看容器是否启动$ docker psCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMESe454f36eb8c5 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 26 seconds ago Up 24 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:23306->3306/tcp, :::23306->3306/tcp mysql_config
# 进入容器，查看配置文件$ docker exec -it mysql_config /bin/bash$ cd /etc/mysql/conf.d/$ ls -rlttotal 12-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 55 Aug 3 2016 mysqldump.cnf-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Aug 3 2016 mysql.cnf-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 43 Apr 19 18:57 docker.cnf
$ exit # 退出容器
# 拷贝容器中文件到本机， `.` 表示拷贝到当前目录$ docker cp mysql_config:/etc/mysql/conf.d/ .
# 查看拷贝结果$ lsconf.d data front install_package java middle
# 将conf.d中文件拷贝到指定的文件夹即可$ mv conf.d/* ~/data/mysql/conf
# 关闭容器并删除$ docker stop mysql_config$ docker rm mysql_config

6.启动脚本

docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /home/blog/data/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /home/blog/data/mysql/logs:/logs -v /home/devblog/data/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=blog123 -d mysql:5.7

References

[1] Docker-MySQL版本: https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql?tab=tags