教你用python爬取唯品会商品信息,详细教程,仅供学习。

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教你用python爬取唯品会商品信息,详细教程,仅供学习。

代码展示

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运行结束来个照

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信息保存到表格中

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工具使用

开发环境
python3.6
Windows10
开发工具
pycharm
工具包
re,os, tkinter,xlwt

开发思路

1.进入百度搜索唯品会,进入唯品会的官网,默认女士T恤,直接点击搜索进入如下
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2.右侧滚动条一直下拉,滑动到下面的时候页面会自动刷新出商品的数据,这里就体现了ajax交互,说明商品的信息是存放在json接口中,接着拉到底就可以发现翻页的按钮了,如下
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3.右击检查,按照步骤操作, 6步骤里的方框为该页商品的id
拿回start_url = r’https://mapi.vip.com/vips-mobile/rest/shopping/pc/search/product/rank?’
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4.继续抓包,找到商品信息对应的数据包,拿回请求的url地址和参数(参数中加入商品的id,这也是为什么要拿回来商品的id)
goods_info_url = ‘https://mapi.vip.com/vips-mobile/rest/shopping/pc/product/module/list/v2?’
在这里插入图片描述
5,翻页 全部的商品的id又存放在第二个rank文件中,首先请求一下这个链接文件,获取商品id信息,然后再重新组合url,最终获取商品详细的信息
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可以发现pageOffset参数是变化的 变化是120

6.保存数据,模板可以拿去用

    def save_data(self, data, user_name):
        '''
            保存数据
        '''

        os_path_1 = os.getcwd() + '/数据/'
        if not os.path.exists(os_path_1):
            os.mkdir(os_path_1)

        os_path = os_path_1 + user_name + '数据.xls'
        if not os.path.exists(os_path):
            # 创建新的workbook(其实就是创建新的excel)
            workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
            # 创建新的sheet表
            worksheet1 = workbook.add_sheet("唯品会商品信息", cell_overwrite_ok=True)
            borders = xlwt.Borders()  # Create Borders
            """定义边框实线"""
            borders.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN
            borders.right = xlwt.Borders.THIN
            borders.top = xlwt.Borders.THIN
            borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN
            borders.left_colour = 0x40
            borders.right_colour = 0x40
            borders.top_colour = 0x40
            borders.bottom_colour = 0x40
            style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create Style
            style.borders = borders  # Add Borders to Style
            """居中写入设置"""
            al = xlwt.Alignment()
            al.horz = 0x02  # 水平居中
            al.vert = 0x01  # 垂直居中
            style.alignment = al
            # 合并 第0行到第0列 的 第0列到第13列
            '''基本详情13'''
            # worksheet1.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 13, '基本详情', style)
            excel_data_1 = ('商品名称', '商品标签', '市场价格', '商品折扣', '优惠后价格', '图片地址')
            for i in range(0, len(excel_data_1)):
                worksheet1.col(i).width = 2560 * 3
                #               行,列,  内容,            样式
                worksheet1.write(0, i, excel_data_1[i], style)
            workbook.save(os_path)

        # 判断工作表是否存在
        if os.path.exists(os_path):
            # 打开工作薄
            workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(os_path)
            # 获取工作薄中所有表的个数
            sheets = workbook.sheet_names()
            for i in range(len(sheets)):
                for name in data.keys():
                    worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheets[i])
                    # 获取工作薄中所有表中的表名与数据名对比
                    if worksheet.name == name:
                        # 获取表中已存在的行数
                        rows_old = worksheet.nrows
                        # 将xlrd对象拷贝转化为xlwt对象
                        new_workbook = copy(workbook)
                        # 获取转化后的工作薄中的第i张表
                        new_worksheet = new_workbook.get_sheet(i)
                        for num in range(0, len(data[name])):
                            new_worksheet.write(rows_old, num, data[name][num])
                        new_workbook.save(os_path)
        print('保存完成----logging----!!!')

最后代码打包一下就可以发给客户了(pyinstaller)

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源码展示:

# !/usr/bin/nev python
# -*-coding:utf8-*-


import tkinter as tk
import re, xlwt, os, xlrd
from xlutils.copy import copy
from requests_html import HTMLSession
session = HTMLSession()


class WPHSpider(object):

    def __init__(self):
        """定义可视化窗口,并设置窗口和主题大小布局"""
        self.window = tk.Tk()
        self.window.title('唯品会信息采集')
        self.window.geometry('800x600')

        """创建label_user按钮,与说明书"""
        self.label_user = tk.Label(self.window, text='需要爬取的商品名称:', font=('Arial', 12), width=30, height=2)
        self.label_user.pack()
        """创建label_user关联输入"""
        self.entry_user = tk.Entry(self.window, show=None, font=('Arial', 14))
        self.entry_user.pack(after=self.label_user)

        """创建label_passwd按钮,与说明书"""
        self.label_passwd = tk.Label(self.window, text="爬取多少页:(小于100)", font=('Arial', 12), width=30, height=2)
        self.label_passwd.pack()
        """创建label_passwd关联输入"""
        self.entry_passwd = tk.Entry(self.window, show=None, font=('Arial', 14))
        self.entry_passwd.pack(after=self.label_passwd)

        """创建Text富文本框,用于按钮操作结果的展示"""
        self.text1 = tk.Text(self.window, font=('Arial', 12), width=85, height=22)
        self.text1.pack()

        """定义按钮1,绑定触发事件方法"""

        self.button_1 = tk.Button(self.window, text='爬取', font=('Arial', 12), width=10, height=1,
                                  command=self.parse_hit_click_1)
        self.button_1.pack(before=self.text1)

        """定义按钮2,绑定触发事件方法"""
        self.button_2 = tk.Button(self.window, text='清除', font=('Arial', 12), width=10, height=1,
                                  command=self.parse_hit_click_2)
        self.button_2.pack(anchor="e")

        self.start_url = r'https://mapi.vip.com/vips-mobile/rest/shopping/pc/search/product/rank?'
        self.goods_info_url = 'https://mapi.vip.com/vips-mobile/rest/shopping/pc/product/module/list/v2?'
        self.headers = {
            'cookie': '输入登录后的你的cookie值',
            'referer': '',
            'user-agent': ''
        }

    def parse_hit_click_1(self):
        """定义触发事件1,调用main函数"""
        user_name = self.entry_user.get()
        pass_wd = int(self.entry_passwd.get())
        self.request_start_url_get_pid(user_name, pass_wd)

    def request_start_url_get_pid(self, user_name, pass_wd):
        '''
            请求获取 pid
        '''
        print('------------------------------------------' + '\\n')
        for page in range(1, pass_wd+1):

            self.params_pid = {
                "callback": "getMerchandiseIds",
                "app_name": "shop_pc",
                "app_version": "4.0",
                "warehouse": "VIP_HZ",
                "fdc_area_id": "104103101",
                "client": "pc",
                "mobile_platform": "1",
                "province_id": "104103",
                "api_key": "70f71280d5d547b2a7bb370a529aeea1",
                "user_id": "",
                "mars_cid": "1613809051869_ecad06e028e7248cee802bb1c6414931",
                "wap_consumer": "a",
                "standby_id": "nature",
                "keyword": user_name,
                "lv3CatIds": "",
                "lv2CatIds": "",
                "lv1CatIds": "",
                "brandStoreSns": "",
                "props": "",
                "priceMin": "",
                "priceMax": "",
                "vipService": "",
                "sort": "0",
                "pageOffset": (page-1)*120,
                "channelId": "1",
                "gPlatform": "PC",
                "batchSize": "120",
                "_": "1613809204088",
            }
            response_pid = session.get(self.start_url, headers=self.headers, params=self.params_pid).content.decode()
            for pid in re.findall(r'"pid":"(.*?)"', response_pid):
                # pprint(pid)
                self.request_goods_info_url(pid, user_name, pass_wd)
            self.text1.insert("insert", r'******第{}页保存完成******'.format(page))
            self.text1.insert("insert", '\\n')
    def request_goods_info_url(self, pid, user_name, pass_wd):
        '''
            请求获取商品信息数据
        '''
        self.params_info = {
              "callback": "getMerchandiseDroplets3",
              "app_name": "shop_pc",
              "app_version": "4.0",
              "warehouse": "VIP_HZ",
              "fdc_area_id": "104103101",
              "client": "pc",
              "mobile_platform": "1",
              "province_id": "104103",
              "api_key": "70f71280d5d547b2a7bb370a529aeea1",
              "user_id": "449181505",
              "mars_cid": "1613809051869_ecad06e028e7248cee802bb1c6414931",
              "wap_consumer": "b",
              "productIds": "{}".format(pid),
              "scene": "search",
              "standby_id": "nature",
              "extParams": '{"stdSizeVids":"","preheatTipsVer":"3","couponVer":"v2","exclusivePrice":"1","iconSpec":"2x"}',
              "context": "",
              "_": "1613810807777",
        }
        response_info = session.get(self.goods_info_url, headers=self.headers, params=self.params_info).content.decode()
        # pprint(response_info)
        self.parse_get_info(response_info, user_name, pass_wd)

    def parse_get_info(self, response_info, user_name, pass_wd):
        '''
            解析获取商品信息字段
        '''
        names = re.findall(r'"title":"(.*?)"', response_info)
        price_labels = re.findall(r'"priceLabel":"(.*?)"', response_info)
        market_prices = re.findall(r'"marketPrice":"(.*?)"', response_info)
        discounts = re.findall(r'"saleDiscount":"(.*?)"', response_info)
        sale_prices = re.findall(r'"salePrice":"(.*?)"', response_info)
        image_urls = re.findall(r'"squareImage":"(.*?)"', response_info)
        # print(names, price_labels, market_prices, discounts, sale_prices, image_urls, sep='| ')
        print(r'***正在请求商品数据:{}'.format(names[0]))
        self.text1.insert("insert", r'***正在请求商品数据:{}'.format(names[0]))
        self.text1.insert("insert", '\\n')
        for name, price_label, market_price, discount, sale_price, image_url in zip(names, price_labels, market_prices, discounts, sale_prices, image_urls):
            a = [name, price_label, market_price+'元', discount, sale_price+'元', image_url]
            b = {"唯品会商品信息": a}
            self.save_data(b, user_name)

    def save_data(self, data, user_name):
        '''
            保存数据
        '''

        os_path_1 = os.getcwd() + '/数据/'
        if not os.path.exists(os_path_1):
            os.mkdir(os_path_1)

        os_path = os_path_1 + user_name + '数据.xls'
        if not os.path.exists(os_path):
            # 创建新的workbook(其实就是创建新的excel)
            workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
            # 创建新的sheet表
            worksheet1 = workbook.add_sheet("唯品会商品信息", cell_overwrite_ok=True)
            borders = xlwt.Borders()  # Create Borders
            """定义边框实线"""
            borders.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN
            borders.right = xlwt.Borders.THIN
            borders.top = xlwt.Borders.THIN
            borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN
            borders.left_colour = 0x40
            borders.right_colour = 0x40
            borders.top_colour = 0x40
            borders.bottom_colour = 0x40
            style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create Style
            style.borders = borders  # Add Borders to Style
            """居中写入设置"""
            al = xlwt.Alignment()
            al.horz = 0x02  # 水平居中
            al.vert = 0x01  # 垂直居中
            style.alignment = al
            # 合并 第0行到第0列 的 第0列到第13列
            '''基本详情13'''
            # worksheet1.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 13, '基本详情', style)
            excel_data_1 = ('商品名称', '商品标签', '市场价格', '商品折扣', '优惠后价格', '图片地址')
            for i in range(0, len(excel_data_1)):
                worksheet1.col(i).width = 2560 * 3
                #               行,列,  内容,            样式
                worksheet1.write(0, i, excel_data_1[i], style)
            workbook.save(os_path)

        # 判断工作表是否存在
        if os.path.exists(os_path):
            # 打开工作薄
            workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(os_path)
            # 获取工作薄中所有表的个数
            sheets = workbook.sheet_names()
            for i in range(len(sheets)):
                for name in data.keys():
                    worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheets[i])
                    # 获取工作薄中所有表中的表名与数据名对比
                    if worksheet.name == name:
                        # 获取表中已存在的行数
                        rows_old = worksheet.nrows
                        # 将xlrd对象拷贝转化为xlwt对象
                        new_workbook = copy(workbook)
                        # 获取转化后的工作薄中的第i张表
                        new_worksheet = new_workbook.get_sheet(i)
                        for num in range(0, len(data[name])):
                            new_worksheet.write(rows_old, num, data[name][num])
                        new_workbook.save(os_path)
        print('保存完成----logging----!!!')
        self.text1.insert("insert", '保存完成----logging----!!!')
        self.text1.insert("insert", '\\n')

    def parse_hit_click_2(self):
        """定义触发事件2,删除文本框中内容"""
        self.entry_user.delete(0, "end")
        self.en

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