dbca 命令行静默方式创建Oracle RAC
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昨天有个需求，需要用命令行建一个RAC。先Google了一些文章，最好参照了下面这篇。
Create RAC database using DBCA silent mode，感谢此文作者，写得非常简洁。
我的环境是19c, 2节点RAC。然后遇到了一系列错误。
第一个错误，Disk Group不存在：
[FATAL] [DBT-06002] Selected disk group (XXXX) is not found.
ACTION: Specify a disk group that is accessible from the system.
正好，主机上还有其它数据库，查询一下：
SQL> select name from v$asm_diskgroup;
NAME
------------------------------
DATAC1
RECOC1
然后改成以下：
-diskGroupName +DATAC1/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/ \\
第2个错误，FRA地址无效，可以绕过问题或指定FRA位置，我用了后者。
[WARNING] [DBT-06303] Unable to check if location (FRA/db0623/) is on ACFS.
[FATAL] [DBT-06007] The specified location (FRA Location) is invalid.
CAUSE: The specified location is not found on the system or is detected to be a file.
直接去掉以下行：
-recoveryAreaDestination FRA \\
或者改为：
-recoveryAreaDestination +$FRA \\
第3个错误，4G以上不能AMM管理以及字符集问题：
[FATAL] [DBT-11211] The Automatic Memory Management option is not allowed when the total physical memory is greater than 4GB.
CAUSE: The current total physical memory is 754GB.
[FATAL] [DBT-11152] National character set specified (AL32UTF8) is invalid.
直接删除以下行：
-nationalCharacterSet AL32UTF8 \\
-automaticMemoryManagement true \\
最终命令如下，会自动创建一个PDB orclpdb1。其中node01和node02是两个RAC节点的主机名，通过hostname命令获取。
export DBPWD='ABcd123_#'
export DGNAME=DATAC1
export FRA=RECOC1
export DBNAME=db0623
export NODE1=node01
export NODE2=node02
dbca -silent \\
-createDatabase \\
-databaseConfigType RAC \\
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \\
-gdbName $DBNAME \\
-sid $DBNAME \\
-SysPassword $DBPWD \\
-SystemPassword $DBPWD \\
-emConfiguration NONE \\
-redoLogFileSize 2048 \\
-storageType ASM \\
-asmSysPassword $DBPWD \\
-diskGroupName +$DGNAME/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/ \\
-recoveryAreaDestination +$FRA \\
-totalMemory 10240 \\
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \\
-nodelist ${NODE1},${NODE2} \\
-createAsContainerDatabase true \\
-numberOfPDBs 1 \\
-pdbName orclpdb1 \\
-pdbAdminPassword $DBPWD
日志如下，18分钟还是蛮快的：
Prepare for db operation
7% complete
Copying database files
27% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
28% complete
31% complete
35% complete
37% complete
40% complete
Creating cluster database views
41% complete
53% complete
Completing Database Creation
57% complete
59% complete
60% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
64% complete
80% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/db0623.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:db0623
System Identifier(SID) Prefix:db0623
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/db0623/db06231.log" for further details.
real 18m8.020s
user 0m57.199s
sys 0m14.027s
$ echo $?
0
另外两次也是18分钟左右，比较一致：
real 18m36.844s
user 0m57.905s
sys 0m14.577s
real 18m34.217s
user 0m56.531s
sys 0m14.336s
访问：
$ export ORACLE_SID=db06231
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> select count(*) from gv$instance;
COUNT(*)
----------
2
SQL> show pdbs;
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 ORCLPDB1 READ WRITE NO
删除，此时数据库是打开状态:
dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB db0623
输出：
$ dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB db0623
Enter SYS user password:
[WARNING] [DBT-19202] The Database Configuration Assistant will delete the Oracle instances and datafiles for your database. All information in the database will be destroyed.
Prepare for db operation
32% complete
Connecting to database
39% complete
42% complete
45% complete
48% complete
52% complete
55% complete
58% complete
65% complete
Updating network configuration files
68% complete
Deleting instances and datafiles
77% complete
87% complete
97% complete
100% complete
Database deletion completed.
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/db0623/db06230.log" for further details.
最后，附上一个帮助：
$ dbca -createDatabase -help
-createDatabase - Command to Create a database.
-responseFile | (-gdbName,-templateName)
-responseFile - <Fully qualified path for a response file>
-gdbName <Global database name>
-templateName <Specify an existing template in default location or the complete template path for DB Creation or provide a new template name for template creation>
[-useWalletForDBCredentials <true | false> Specify true to load database credentials from wallet]
-dbCredentialsWalletLocation <Path of the directory containing the wallet files>
[-dbCredentialsWalletPassword <Password to open wallet with auto login disabled>]
[-characterSet <Character set for the database>]
[-dvConfiguration <true | false> Specify true to configure and enable database vault.]
-dvUserName <Specify database vault owner user name>
-dvUserPassword <Specify database vault owner password>
[-dvAccountManagerPassword <Specify database vault account manager password>]
[-dvAccountManagerName <Specify separate database vault account manager>]
[-datafileDestination <Destination directory for all database files>]
[-datafileJarLocation <For database creation, pass the absolute path of the datafile backup and for template creation, pass the directory to place the datafile backup>]
[-runCVUChecks <Specify "true" in order to run Cluster Verification Utility checks periodically for RAC databases.>]
[-sid <Database system identifier>]
[-redoLogFileSize <Size of each redo log file in MB>]
[-registerWithDirService <true | false>]
-dirServiceUserName <User name for directory service>
[-databaseCN <Database common name>]
[-dirServiceCertificatePath <Path to the certificate file to use when configuring SSL between database and directory service>]
[-dirServicePassword <Password for directory service>]
[-dirServiceUser <SamAccountName in case of configuring Active Directory>]
[-ldapDirectoryAccessType <PASSWORD | SSL>]
[-useSYSAuthForLDAPAccess <true | false>]
[-walletPassword <Password for database wallet>]
[-systemPassword <SYSTEM user password>]
[-nodelist <Node names separated by comma for the database>]
[-oracleHomeUserPassword <Specify Oracle Home User Password>]
[-sysPassword <SYS user password>]
[-enableArchive <true | false> Specify true to enable archive>]
[-archiveLogMode <AUTO|MANUAL , the default is Automatic archiving>]
[-archiveLogDest <Specify archive log destinations separated by comma. If archive log destination is not specified, fast recovery area location will be used for archive log files.>]
[-memoryMgmtType <AUTO|AUTO_SGA|CUSTOM_SGA>]
[-variables <Comma separated list of name=value pairs of location variables>]
[-listeners <A comma separated list of listeners that the database can be configured with>]
[-olsConfiguration <true | false> Specify true to configure and enable Oracle Label Security.]
[-configureWithOID This flag configures Oracle Label Security with OID.]
[-createAsContainerDatabase <true | false>]
[-pdbName <Pluggable database name>]
[-numberOfPDBs <Number of pluggable databases to be created, default is 0>]
[-pdbStorageMAXSizeInMB <value>]
[-pdbStorageMAXTempSizeInMB <value>]
[-useLocalUndoForPDBs <true | false> Specify false to disable local undo tablespace for PDBs.]
[-pdbAdminPassword <PDB Administrator user Password, required only while creating new PDB>]
[-pdbOptions <A comma separated list of name:value pairs with database options to enable/disable. For example JSERVER:true,DV:false>]
[-recoveryAreaDestination <Destination directory for all recovery files. Specify "NONE" for disabling Fast Recovery Area>]
[-recoveryAreaSize <Fast Recovery Area Size in MB>]
[-createListener <Create a new listener to register your database. Specify in format, LISTENER_NAME:PORT>]
[-useOMF <true | false> Specify true to use Oracle-Managed Files.]
[-memoryPercentage | -totalMemory]
[-memoryPercentage <Percentage of physical memory for oracle database>]
[-totalMemory <Memory allocated for Oracle in MB>]
[-dbOptions <A comma separated list of name:value pairs with database options to enable/disable. For example JSERVER:true,DV:false>]
[-sampleSchema <true | false>]
[-variablesFile <File name of the name=value pairs for location variables in the template>]
[-customScripts <A comma separated list of SQL scripts which needs to be run post db creation.The scripts are run in order they are listed>]
[-databaseType <MULTIPURPOSE | DATA_WAREHOUSING | OLTP>]
[-oracleHomeUserName <Specify Oracle Home User Name>]
[-initParams <Comma separated list of name=value pairs>]
[-initParamsEscapeChar <Specify escape character for comma when a specific initParam has multiple values.If the escape character is not specified backslash is the default escape character>]
[-policyManaged | -adminManaged]
[-policyManaged <Policy managed database, default option is Admin managed database>]
-serverPoolName <Specify the single server pool name in case of create server pool or comma separated list in case of existing server pools>
[-pqPoolName <value>]
[-createServerPool <Create a new server pool, which will be used by the database>]
[-pqPoolName <value>]
[-forceServerPoolCreation <To create server pool by force when adequate free servers are not available. This may affect the database which is already in running mode>]
[-pqCardinality <value>]
[-cardinality <Specify the cardinality of the new server pool that is to be created, default is the number of qualified nodes>]
[-adminManaged <Admin managed database, this is default option>]
[-nationalCharacterSet <National character set for the database>]
[-storageType < FS | ASM >]
-datafileDestination <Destination directory for all database files>
[-asmsnmpPassword <ASMSNMP password for ASM monitoring>]
[-databaseConfigType <SINGLE | RAC | RACONENODE>]
[-RACOneNodeServiceName <Service name for the service to be created for RAC One Node database. This option is mandatory when the databaseConfigType is RACONENODE>]
[-emConfiguration <DBEXPRESS | CENTRAL | BOTH | NONE>]
[-dbsnmpPassword <DBSNMP user password>]
[-emPassword <EM Admin user password>]
[-emUser <EM Admin username to add or modify targets>]
[-emExpressPort <EM database express port number. Generally used during createDatabase>]
[-omsHost <EM management server host name>]
[-omsPort <EM management server port number>]
[-emExpressPortAsGlobalPort <value>]
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