在Docker上实战ElasticSearch以及与SpringBoot集成
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简介
项目地址:https://gitee.com/charlinchenlin/wysmall/tree/0.17/
Elasticsearch是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器。它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口。Elasticsearch是用Java语言开发的,并作为Apache许可条款下的开放源码发布,是一种流行的企业级搜索引擎。Elasticsearch用于云计算中,能够达到实时搜索,稳定,可靠,快速,安装使用方便。官方客户端在Java、.NET(C#)、php、Python、Apache Groovy、Ruby和许多其他语言中都是可用的。根据DB-Engines的排名显示,Elasticsearch是最受欢迎的企业搜索引擎,其次是Apache Solr,也是基于Lucene。
1. ELASTICSEARCH
1、安装elastic search
dokcer中安装elastic search
(1)下载ealastic search和kibana
docker pull elasticsearch:7.6.2
docker pull kibana:7.6.2
(2)配置
mkdir -p /mydata/elasticsearch/config 创建目录
mkdir -p /mydata/elasticsearch/data
echo "http.host: 0.0.0.0" >/mydata/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
//将mydata/elasticsearch/文件夹中文件都可读可写
chmod -R 777 /mydata/elasticsearch/
(3)启动Elastic search
docker run --name elasticsearch -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 \\
-e "discovery.type=single-node" \\
-e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms64m -Xmx512m" \\
-v /mydata/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml \\
-v /mydata/elasticsearch/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data \\
-v /mydata/elasticsearch/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins \\
-d elasticsearch:7.6.2
设置开机启动elasticsearch
docker update elasticsearch --restart=always
(4)启动kibana:
docker run --name kibana -e ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS=http://192.168.6.128:9200 -p 5601:5601 -d kibana:7.6.2
设置开机启动kibana
docker update kibana --restart=always
(5)测试
查看elasticsearch版本信息: http://192.168.6.128:9200/
{
"name": "0adeb7852e00",
"cluster_name": "elasticsearch",
"cluster_uuid": "9gglpP0HTfyOTRAaSe2rIg",
"version": {
"number": "7.6.2",
"build_flavor": "default",
"build_type": "docker",
"build_hash": "ef48eb35cf30adf4db14086e8aabd07ef6fb113f",
"build_date": "2020-03-26T06:34:37.794943Z",
"build_snapshot": false,
"lucene_version": "8.4.0",
"minimum_wire_compatibility_version": "6.8.0",
"minimum_index_compatibility_version": "6.0.0-beta1"
},
"tagline": "You Know, for Search"
}
显示elasticsearch 节点信息http://192.168.6.128:9200/_cat/nodes ,
127.0.0.1 76 95 1 0.26 1.40 1.22 dilm * 0adeb7852e00
访问Kibana: http://192.168.6.128:5601/app/kibana
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2、初步检索
1)_CAT
(1)GET/cat/nodes:查看所有节点
如:http://192.168.6.128:9200/_cat/nodes :
127.0.0.1 61 91 11 0.08 0.49 0.87 dilm * 0adeb7852e00
注:*表示集群中的主节点
(2)GET/cat/health:查看es健康状况
如:http://192.168.6.128:9200/_cat/health
1588332616 11:30:16 elasticsearch green 1 1 3 3 0 0 0 0 - 100.0%
注:green表示健康值正常
(3)GET/_cat/master:查看主节点_信息
如: http://192.168.6.128:9200/_cat/master
vfpgxbusTC6-W3C2Np31EQ 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 0adeb7852e00
(4)GET/_cat/indicies:查看所有索引 ,等价于mysql数据库的show databases;
如: http://192.168.6.128:9200/_cat/indices
green open .kibana_task_manager_1 KWLtjcKRRuaV9so_v15WYg 1 0 2 0 39.8kb 39.8kb
green open .apm-agent-configuration cuwCpJ5ER0OYsSgAJ7bVYA 1 0 0 0 283b 283b
green open .kibana_1 PqK_LdUYRpWMy4fK0tMSPw 1 0 7 0 31.2kb 31.2kb
使用postman测试
2)索引一个文档
保存一个数据,保存在哪个索引的哪个类型下,指定用那个唯一标识
PUT customer/external/1;在customer索引下的external类型下保存1号数据为
PUT customer/external/1
{
"name":"John Doe"
}
PUT和POST都可以
POST新增。如果不指定id,会自动生成id。指定id就会修改这个数据,并新增版本号;
PUT可以新增也可以修改。PUT必须指定id;由于PUT需要指定id,我们一般用来做修改操作,不指定id会报错。
创建数据成功后,显示201 created表示插入记录成功。
{
"_index": "customer",
"_type": "external",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 0,
"_primary_term": 1
}
这些返回的JSON串的含义;这些带有下划线开头的,称为元数据,反映了当前的基本信息。
-
“_index”: “customer” 表明该数据在哪个数据库下;
-
“_type”: “external” 表明该数据在哪个类型下;
-
“_id”: “1” 表明被保存数据的id;
-
“_version”: 1, 被保存数据的版本
-
“result”: “created”
这里是创建了一条数据,如果重新put一条数据,则该状态会变为updated,并且版本号也会发生变化。
下面选用POST方式:
-
添加数据的时候,不指定ID,会自动的生成id,并且类型是新增:
- -
再次使用POST插入数据,仍然是新增的:
-
添加数据的时候,指定ID,会使用该id,并且类型是新增:
- -
再次使用POST插入数据,类型为updated
3)查看文档
GET /customer/external/1
http://192.168.6.128:9200/customer/external/1
{
"_index": "customer",//在哪个索引
"_type": "external",//在哪个类型
"_id": "1",//记录id
"_version": 3,//版本号
"_seq_no": 6,//并发控制字段,每次更新都会+1,用来做乐观锁
"_primary_term": 1,//同上,主分片重新分配,如重启,就会变化
"found": true,
"_source": {
"name": "John Doe"
}
}
通过“if_seq_no=1&if_primary_term=1 ”,当序列号匹配的时候,才进行修改,否则不修改。
实例:将id=1的数据更新为name=1,然后再次更新为name=2,起始_seq_no=6,_primary_term=1
(1)将name更新为1
http://192.168.6.128:9200/customer/external/1?if_seq_no=1&if_primary_term=1
(2)将name更新为2,更新过程中使用seq_no=6
http://192.168.6.128:9200/customer/external/1?if_seq_no=6&if_primary_term=1
(3)查询新的数据
http://192.168.6.128:9200/customer/external/1
能够看到_seq_no变为7。
(4)再次更新,更新成功
http://192.168.6.128:9200/customer/external/1?if_seq_no=7&if_primary_term=1
4)更新文档
(1)POST更新文档,带有_update
http://192.168.6.128:9200/customer/external/1/_update
如果再次执行更新,则不执行任何操作,序列号也不发生变化
POST更新方式,会对比原来的数据,和原来的相同,则不执行任何操作(version和_seq_no)都不变。
(2)POST更新文档,不带_update
在更新过程中,重复执行更新操作,数据也能够更新成功,不会和原来的数据进行对比。
5)删除文档或索引
DELETE customer/external/1
DELETE customer
注:elasticsearch并没有提供删除类型的操作,只提供了删除索引和文档的操作。
实例:删除id=1的数据,删除后继续查询
实例:删除整个costomer索引数据
删除前,所有的索引
green open .kibana_task_manager_1 KWLtjcKRRuaV9so_v15WYg 1 0 2 0 39.8kb 39.8kb
green open .apm-agent-configuration cuwCpJ5ER0OYsSgAJ7bVYA 1 0 0 0 283b 283b
green open .kibana_1 PqK_LdUYRpWMy4fK0tMSPw 1 0 7 0 31.2kb 31.2kb
yellow open customer nzDYCdnvQjSsapJrAIT8Zw 1 1 4 0 4.4kb 4.4kb
删除“ customer ”索引
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删除后,所有的索引
green open .kibana_task_manager_1 KWLtjcKRRuaV9so_v15WYg 1 0 2 0 39.8kb 39.8kb
green open .apm-agent-configuration cuwCpJ5ER0OYsSgAJ7bVYA 1 0 0 0 283b 283b
green open .kibana_1 PqK_LdUYRpWMy4fK0tMSPw 1 0 7 0 31.2kb 31.2kb
6)eleasticsearch的批量操作——bulk
语法格式:
{action:{metadata}}\\n //例如index保存记录,update更新
{request body }\\n
{action:{metadata}}\\n
{request body }\\n
这里的批量操作,当发生某一条执行发生失败时,其他的数据仍然能够接着执行,也就是说彼此之间是独立的。
bulk api以此按顺序执行所有的action(动作)。如果一个单个的动作因任何原因失败,它将继续处理它后面剩余的动作。当bulk api返回时,它将提供每个动作的状态(与发送的顺序相同),所以您可以检查是否一个指定的动作是否失败了。
实例1: 执行多条数据 (postman 报错,在kibana中的Dev_tools中执行)
POST /customer/external/_bulk
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
{"name":"John Doe"}
{"index":{"_id":"2"}}
{"name":"John Doe"}
执行结果
#! Deprecation: [types removal] Specifying types in bulk requests is deprecated.
{
"took" : 491,
"errors" : false,
"items" : [
{
"index" : {
"_index" : "customer",
"_type" : "external",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"status" : 201
}
},
{
"index" : {
"_index" : "customer",
"_type" : "external",
"_id" : "2",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 1,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"status" : 201
}
}
]
}
实例2:对于整个索引执行批量操作
POST /_bulk
{"delete":{"_index":"website","_type":"blog","_id":"123"}}
{"create":{"_index":"website","_type":"blog","_id":"123"}}
{"title":"my first blog post"}
{"index":{"_index":"website","_type":"blog"}}
{"title":"my second blog post"}
{"update":{"_index":"website","_type":"blog","_id":"123"}}
{"doc":{"title":"my updated blog post"}}
运行结果:
#! Deprecation: [types removal] Specifying types in bulk requests is deprecated.
{
"took" : 608,
"errors" : false,
"items" : [
{
"delete" : {
"_index" : "website",
"_type" : "blog",
"_id" : "123",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "not_found",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"status" : 404
}
},
{
"create" : {
"_index" : "website",
"_type" : "blog",
"_id" : "123",
"_version" : 2,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 1,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"status" : 201
}
},
{
"index" : {
"_index" : "website",
"_type" : "blog",
"_id" : "MCOs0HEBHYK_MJXUyYIz",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 2,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"status" : 201
}
},
{
"update" : {
"_index" : "website",
"_type" : "blog",
"_id" : "123",
"_version" : 3,
"result" : "updated",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 3,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"status" : 200
}
}
]
}
7)样本测试数据
准备了一份顾客银行账户信息的虚构的JSON文档样本。每个文档都有下列的schema(模式)。
{
"account_number": 1,
"balance": 39225,
"firstname": "Amber",
"lastname": "Duke",
"age": 32,
"gender": "M",
"address": "880 Holmes Lane",
"employer": "Pyrami",
"email": "amberduke@pyrami.com",
"city": "Brogan",
"state": "IL"
}
https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/blob/master/docs/src/test/resources/accounts.json?raw=true ,导入测试数据,
POST bank/account/_bulk
3、检索
1)search Api
ES支持两种基本方式检索;
- 通过REST request uri 发送搜索参数 (uri +检索参数);
- 通过REST request body 来发送它们(uri+请求体);
信息检索
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uri+请求体进行检索
GET /bank/_search
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"sort": [
{ "account_number": "asc" },
{"balance":"desc"}
]
}
HTTP客户端工具(),get请求不能够携带请求体,
GET bank/_search?q=*&sort=account_number:asc
//q=* 查询所有,sort=account_number:asc 按照account_number进行asc升序排列sort
返回结果:
{
"took" : 235,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1000,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "account",
"_id" : "0",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 0,
"balance" : 16623,
"firstname" : "Bradshaw",
"lastname" : "Mckenzie",
"age" : 29,
"gender" : "F",
"address" : "244 Columbus Place",
"employer" : "Euron",
"email" : "bradshawmckenzie@euron.com",
"city" : "Hobucken",
"state" : "CO"
},
"sort" : [
0
]
},
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "account",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 1,
"balance" : 39225,
"firstname" : "Amber",
"lastname" : "Duke",
"age" : 32,
"gender" : "M",
"address" : "880 Holmes Lane",
"employer" : "Pyrami",
"email" : "amberduke@pyrami.com",
"city" : "Brogan",
"state" : "IL"
},
"sort" : [
1
]
},
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "account",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 2,
"balance" : 28838,
"firstname" : "Roberta",
"lastname" : "Bender",
"age" : 22,
"gender" : "F",
"address" : "560 Kingsway Place",
"employer" : "Chillium",
"email" : "robertabender@chillium.com",
"city" : "Bennett",
"state" : "LA"
},
"sort" : [
2
]
},
{
"_index" : "bank",
"_type" : "account",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"account_number" : 3,
"balance" : 44947,
"firstname" : "Levine",
"lastname" : "Burks",
"age" : 26,
"gender" : "F",
"address" : "328 Wilson Avenue",
"employer" : "Amtap",
"email" Docker compose安装Elasticsearch
五分钟带你玩转docker实战elk环境——elasticsearch搭建
五分钟带你玩转docker实战elk环境——elasticsearch搭建