10.PostgreSQL别名

Posted 2021-06-29 爱是与世界平行

一、PostgreSQL 别名

我们可以用 SQL 重命名一张表或者一个字段的名称，这个名称就叫着该表或该字段的别名。

创建别名是为了让表名或列名的可读性更强。

SQL 中 使用 AS 来创建别名。

1.1 语法

表的别名语法:

SELECT column1, column2....
FROM table_name AS alias_name
WHERE [condition];

列的别名语法:

SELECT column_name AS alias_name
FROM table_name
WHERE [condition];

1.1.1 实例

创建 COMPANY 表（下载 COMPANY SQL 文件 ），数据内容如下：

runoobdb# select * from COMPANY;
 id | name  | age | address   | salary
----+-------+-----+-----------+--------
  1 | Paul  |  32 | California|  20000
  2 | Allen |  25 | Texas     |  15000
  3 | Teddy |  23 | Norway    |  20000
  4 | Mark  |  25 | Rich-Mond |  65000
  5 | David |  27 | Texas     |  85000
  6 | Kim   |  22 | South-Hall|  45000
  7 | James |  24 | Houston   |  10000
(7 rows)

创建 DEPARTMENT 表（下载 COMPANY SQL 文件 ），数据内容如下：

runoobdb=# SELECT * from DEPARTMENT;
 id | dept        | emp_id
----+-------------+--------
  1 | IT Billing  |      1
  2 | Engineering |      2
  3 | Finance     |      7
  4 | Engineering |      3
  5 | Finance     |      4
  6 | Engineering |      5
  7 | Finance     |      6
(7 rows)

下面我们分别用 C 和 D 表示 COMPANY 表和 DEPAERMENT 表的别名：

runoobdb=# SELECT C.ID, C.NAME, C.AGE, D.DEPT FROM COMPANY AS C, DEPARTMENT AS D WHERE  C.ID = D.EMP_ID;

得到结果如下：

 id | name  | age |  dept
----+-------+-----+------------
  1 | Paul  |  32 | IT Billing
  2 | Allen |  25 | Engineering
  7 | James |  24 | Finance
  3 | Teddy |  23 | Engineering
  4 | Mark  |  25 | Finance
  5 | David |  27 | Engineering
  6 | Kim   |  22 | Finance
(7 rows)

下面，我们用 COMPANY_ID 表示 ID 列，COMPANY_NAME 表示 NAME 列，来展示列别名的用法：

runoobdb=# SELECT C.ID AS COMPANY_ID, C.NAME AS COMPANY_NAME, C.AGE, D.DEPT  FROM COMPANY AS C, DEPARTMENT AS D WHERE  C.ID = D.EMP_ID;

得到结果如下：

company_id | company_name | age | dept
------------+--------------+-----+------------
      1     | Paul         |  32 | IT Billing
      2     | Allen        |  25 | Engineering
      7     | James        |  24 | Finance
      3     | Teddy        |  23 | Engineering
      4     | Mark         |  25 | Finance
      5     | David        |  27 | Engineering
      6     | Kim          |  22 | Finance
(7 rows)