Java56spring：事务控制

Posted 2021-06-29 码农编程录

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文章目录

1.AOP半注解半xml
2.纯注解开发
3.JdbcTemplate
4.事务控制

1.AOP半注解半xml

//applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
        <!-- 开启IOC注解扫描的包 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"></context:component-scan>
        <!-- 开启注解AOP -->
        <aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
</beans>

package com.itheima.service;

public interface UserService {
    public void findUserById();
}

package com.itheima.service.impl;
import com.itheima.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Override
    public void findUserById() {
        System.out.println("根据用户的id查询用户的信息");
        //int i = 1/0;
    }
}

package com.itheima.utils;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component  // 当前增强类装配到spring容器
@Aspect  // 声明当前类是一个切面类
public class LogUtils {
    /**
     *  xml中开启aop注解方式：
     *       <aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
     *  在通知类上添加
     *     @Aspect 声明当前类是一个切面类
     *     @Component //当前增强类装配到spring容器
     *
     *  @Before : 配置前置通知
     *  @AfterReturning: 配置后置通知
     *  @After: 配置最终通知
     *  @Around : 配置环绕通知
     *  @AfterThrowing: 配置异常通知
     *
     *  注解方式抽取切入点：
     *      1.声明一个空实现的方法：pt1()
     *      2.在方法上添加@Pointcut注解，value属性值就是切入点的AspectJ表达式
     *      3.方法名就是切入点的 id
     */
    //@Before("execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))")
    public void printLog(){
        System.out.println("前置通知");
    }
    //@AfterReturning("execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))")
    public void printLog2(){
        System.out.println("后置通知");
    }
    //@AfterThrowing("execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))")
    public void printLog3(){
        System.out.println("异常通知");
    }
    @Pointcut("execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))")
    public void pt1(){
    }
    @Around("pt1()")
    public void printLog4(ProceedingJoinPoint point){
        try {
            System.out.println("自定义环绕通知,开启事务。");
            //调用原有功能的方法。
            point.proceed();
            System.out.println("自定义环绕通知，提交事务");
        } catch (Throwable throwable) {
            System.out.println("自定义环绕通知，回滚事务");
            throwable.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            System.out.println("自定义环绕通知，释放资源");
        }
    }
}

package com.itheima.service;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import javax.swing.*;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class UserServiceTest {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @Test
    public void findUserById() {
        userService.findUserById();
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

2.纯注解开发

package com.itheima.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;

@Configuration
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
@ComponentScan("com.itheima")
public class SpringConfig {
    /**
     *  开发步骤：
     *      1. @Configuration 标注当前类是一个配置类
     *      2.@ComponentScan 开启注解扫描（ioc）
     *      3.@EnableAspectJAutoProxy 开启注解aop即可
     */
}

package com.itheima.service;
import com.itheima.config.SpringConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import javax.swing.*;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfig.class)
public class UserServiceTest {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @Test
    public void findUserById() {
        userService.findUserById();
    }
}

3.JdbcTemplate

3.1 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring_day04_01</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- java编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <!--IOC-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.38</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.9</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- 事务相关的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- aop 相关依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
       
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"></context:property-placeholder>

    <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
       <!-- <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <constructor-arg name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>-->

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
    </bean>


    <!-- spring事务的配置步骤
        1.在applicationContext.xml中配置事务管理器的bean
        2.配置事务的策略
        3.配置事务的aop
    -->
    <!--
        声明对于jdbc进行事务管理的 事务管理器对象
        id建议叫做  transactionManager，如果不叫这个名字，我们配置策略是，需要指定事务管理器对象的名字
    -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--
        配置spring事务的策略
        tx:advice:声明开始配置事务的策略
            id:当前策略的唯一标识
            transaction-manager: 指定事务管理器对象。默认值为transactionManager
    -->
    <tx:advice id="tx1" >
        <!-- 声明具体的策略 -->
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--
                tx:method : 指定对于哪些方法进行事务的管理
                        name：方法名的表达式
                        read-only: 事务是否只读，默认是false
                        timeout:超时时间，默认为-1，永不超时。
                        isolation: 事务的隔离级别，默认采用数据库默认的隔离级别
                        propagation： 事务的传播行为
                        rollback-for=""： 针对指定的异常进行回滚
                        no-rollback-for="": 针对指定的异常不进行回滚
            -->
            <tx:method name="*" />
           <!-- <tx:method name="select*" read-only="true"/>-->
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- 配置事务的aop
        AspectJ 表达式的语法  修饰符 返回值 包名.类型.方法名()
    -->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pt1" expression="execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))"></aop:pointcut>
        <!--
            advice-ref="tx1":使用哪个策略
            pointcut-ref="pt1" : 事务切入到哪个切入点
        -->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="tx1" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:advisor>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

//jdbc.properties
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_day02
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

3.2 domain

package com.itheima.domain;

public class Account {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private double money;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }
    public void setMoney(double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}
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