Elasticsearch入门之增删改查进阶
Posted 爱上口袋的天空
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1、条件查询 & 分页查询 & 查询排序
1.1、条件查询
假设有以下文档内容，（在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search
{ "took": 5, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 6, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 3999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } } ] } }1.2、URL带参查询
查找category为小米的文档，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search?q=category:小米，返回结果如下：
{ "took": 94, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 3, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 1.3862942, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 3999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } } ] } }上述为URL带参数形式查询，这很容易让不善者心怀恶意，或者参数值出现中文会出现乱码情况。为了避免这些情况，我们可用使用带JSON请求体请求进行查询。
1.3、请求体带参查询接下带JSON请求体，还是查找category为小米的文档，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "query":{ "match":{ "category":"小米" } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 3, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 3, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 1.3862942, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 3999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } } ] } }
1.4、带请求体方式的查找所有内容查找所有文档内容，也可以这样，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "query":{ "match_all":{} } }则返回所有文档内容：
{ "took": 2, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 6, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 3999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } } ] } }1.5、查询指定字段
如果你想查询指定字段，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "query":{ "match_all":{} }, "_source":["title"] }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 5, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 6, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机" } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机" } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机" } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机" } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机" } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机" } } ] } }1.6、分页查询
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "query":{ "match_all":{} }, "from":0, "size":2 }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 1, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 6, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 3999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } } ] } }1.7、查询排序
如果你想通过排序查出价格最高的手机，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "query":{ "match_all":{} }, "sort":{ "price":{ "order":"desc" } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 96, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 6, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": null, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": null, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 3999 }, "sort": [ 3999 ] }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya", "_score": null, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 }, "sort": [ 1999 ] }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal", "_score": null, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 }, "sort": [ 1999 ] }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5", "_score": null, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 }, "sort": [ 1999 ] }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6", "_score": null, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 }, "sort": [ 1999 ] }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9", "_score": null, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 }, "sort": [ 1999 ] } ] } }
2、多条件查询 & 范围查询
2.1、多条件查询
假设想找出小米牌子，价格为3999元的。（must相当于数据库的&&）
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "query":{ "bool":{ "must":[{ "match":{ "category":"小米" } },{ "match":{ "price":3999.00 } }] } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 134, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 1, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 2.3862944, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": 2.3862944, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 3999 } } ] } }假设想找出小米和华为的牌子，价格大于2000元的手机。（should相当于数据库的||）
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "query":{ "bool":{ "should":[{ "match":{ "category":"小米" } },{ "match":{ "category":"华为" } }] }, "filter":{ "range":{ "price":{ "gt":2000 } } } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 8, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 6, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 1.3862942, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 3999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9", "_score": 1.3862942, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } } ] } }
3、全文检索 & 完全匹配 & 高亮查询
3.1、全文检索
这功能像搜索引擎那样，如品牌输入“小华”，返回结果带回品牌有“小米”和华为的。
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "query":{ "match":{ "category" : "小华" } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 7, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 6, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 0.6931471, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 3999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } } ] } }3.2、完全匹配
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "query":{ "match_phrase":{ "category" : "为" } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 2, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 3, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 0.6931471, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } } ] } }3.3、高亮查询
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "query":{ "match_phrase":{ "category" : "为" } }, "highlight":{ "fields":{ "category":{}//<----高亮这字段 } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 100, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 3, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 0.6931471, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 }, "highlight": { "category": [ "华<em>为</em>"//<------高亮一个为字。 ] } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 }, "highlight": { "category": [ "华<em>为</em>" ] } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9", "_score": 0.6931471, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 }, "highlight": { "category": [ "华<em>为</em>" ] } } ] } }
4、聚合查询
聚合允许使用者对 es 文档进行统计分析，类似与关系型数据库中的 group by，当然还有很多其他的聚合，例如取最大值max、平均值avg等等。
接下来按price字段进行分组：
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "aggs":{//聚合操作 "price_group":{//名称，随意起名 "terms":{//分组 "field":"price"//分组字段 } } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 63, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 6, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 3999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "小米手机", "category": "小米", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } }, { "_index": "shopping", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9", "_score": 1, "_source": { "title": "华为手机", "category": "华为", "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg", "price": 1999 } } ] }, "aggregations": { "price_group": { "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0, "sum_other_doc_count": 0, "buckets": [ { "key": 1999, "doc_count": 5 }, { "key": 3999, "doc_count": 1 } ] } } }上面返回结果会附带原始数据的。若不想要不附带原始数据的结果，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "aggs":{ "price_group":{ "terms":{ "field":"price" } } }, "size":0 }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 60, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 6, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": null, "hits": [] }, "aggregations": { "price_group": { "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0, "sum_other_doc_count": 0, "buckets": [ { "key": 1999, "doc_count": 5 }, { "key": 3999, "doc_count": 1 } ] } } }若想对所有手机价格求平均值。
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附带JSON体如下：
{ "aggs":{ "price_avg":{//名称，随意起名 "avg":{//求平均 "field":"price" } } }, "size":0 }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 14, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 6, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": null, "hits": [] }, "aggregations": { "price_avg": { "value": 2332.3333333333335 } } }
5、映射关系
有了索引库，等于有了数据库中的 database。
接下来就需要建索引库(index)中的映射了，类似于数据库(database)中的表结构(table)。
创建数据库表需要设置字段名称，类型，长度，约束等；索引库也一样，需要知道这个类型下有哪些字段，每个字段有哪些约束信息，这就叫做映射(mapping)。
先创建一个索引：
# PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/user返回结果：
{ "acknowledged": true, "shards_acknowledged": true, "index": "user" }创建映射
# PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_mapping { "properties": { "name":{ "type": "text", "index": true }, "sex":{ "type": "keyword", "index": true }, "tel":{ "type": "keyword", "index": false } } }返回结果如下：
{ "acknowledged": true }查询映射
#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_mapping返回结果如下：
{ "user": { "mappings": { "properties": { "name": { "type": "text" }, "sex": { "type": "keyword" }, "tel": { "type": "keyword", "index": false } } } } }增加数据
#PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_create/1001 { "name":"小米", "sex":"男的", "tel":"1111" }返回结果如下：
{ "_index": "user", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "1001", "_version": 1, "result": "created", "_shards": { "total": 2, "successful": 1, "failed": 0 }, "_seq_no": 0, "_primary_term": 1 }查找name含有”小“数据：
#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search { "query":{ "match":{ "name":"小" } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 495, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 1, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 0.2876821, "hits": [ { "_index": "user", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "1001", "_score": 0.2876821, "_source": { "name": "小米", "sex": "男的", "tel": "1111" } } ] } }查找sex含有”男“数据：
#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search { "query":{ "match":{ "sex":"男" } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 1, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 0, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": null, "hits": [] } }找不想要的结果，只因创建映射时"sex"的类型为"keyword"。
"sex"只能完全为”男的“，才能得出原数据。
#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search { "query":{ "match":{ "sex":"男的" } } }返回结果如下：
{ "took": 2, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": { "value": 1, "relation": "eq" }, "max_score": 0.2876821, "hits": [ { "_index": "user", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "1001", "_score": 0.2876821, "_source": { "name": "小米", "sex": "男的", "tel": "1111" } } ] } }查询电话
# GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search { "query":{ "match":{ "tel":"11" } } }返回结果如下：
{ "error": { "root_cause": [ { "type": "query_shard_exception", "reason": "failed to create query: Cannot search on field [tel] since it is not indexed.", "index_uuid": "ivLnMfQKROS7Skb2MTFOew", "index": "user" } ], "type": "search_phase_execution_exception", "reason": "all shards failed", "phase": "query", "grouped": true, "failed_shards": [ { "shard": 0, "index": "user", "node": "4P7dIRfXSbezE5JTiuylew", "reason": { "type": "query_shard_exception", "reason": "failed to create query: Cannot search on field [tel] since it is not indexed.", "index_uuid": "ivLnMfQKROS7Skb2MTFOew", "index": "user", "caused_by": { "type": "illegal_argument_exception", "reason": "Cannot search on field [tel] since it is not indexed." } } } ] }, "status": 400 }报错只因创建映射时"tel"的"index"为false。
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