MyBatis-07-笔记
Posted 寻7
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MyBatis多表操作
1 多表模型介绍
- 我们之前学习的都是基于单表操作的,而实际开发中,随着业务难度的加深,肯定需要多表操作的。
- 多表模型分类 一对一:在任意一方建立外键,关联对方的主键。
- 一对多:在多的一方建立外键,关联一的一方的主键。
- 多对多:借助中间表,中间表至少两个字段,分别关联两张表的主键。
2 多表模型一对一操作
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一对一模型: 人和身份证,一个人只有一个身份证
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代码实现
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步骤一: sql语句准备
CREATE TABLE person( id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME VARCHAR(20), age INT ); INSERT INTO person VALUES (NULL,'张三',23); INSERT INTO person VALUES (NULL,'李四',24); INSERT INTO person VALUES (NULL,'王五',25); CREATE TABLE card( id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, number VARCHAR(30), pid INT, CONSTRAINT cp_fk FOREIGN KEY (pid) REFERENCES person(id) ); INSERT INTO card VALUES (NULL,'12345',1); INSERT INTO card VALUES (NULL,'23456',2); INSERT INTO card VALUES (NULL,'34567',3);
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步骤二: 创建实体类
package com.itheima.bean; public class Person { private Integer id; //主键id private String name; //人的姓名 private Integer age; //人的年龄 public Person() { } public Person(Integer id, String name, Integer age) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.age = age; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } @Override public String toString() { return "Person{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\\'' + ", age=" + age + '}'; } }
package com.itheima.bean; public class Card { private Integer id; //主键id private String number; //身份证号 private Person p; //所属人的对象 public Card() { } public Card(Integer id, String number, Person p) { this.id = id; this.number = number; this.p = p; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getNumber() { return number; } public void setNumber(String number) { this.number = number; } public Person getP() { return p; } public void setP(Person p) { this.p = p; } @Override public String toString() { return "Card{" + "id=" + id + ", number='" + number + '\\'' + ", p=" + p + '}'; } }
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步骤三: dao层的mapper接口定义
package com.itheima.table01; import com.itheima.bean.Card; import java.util.List; public interface OneToOneMapper { //查询全部 public abstract List<Card> selectAll(); }
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步骤四: 映射配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.itheima.table01.OneToOneMapper"> <!--配置字段和实体对象属性的映射关系--> <!--仔细观察column对应的值都是SQL语句中的字段本身或者别名--> <resultMap id="oneToOne" type="card"> <id column="cid" property="id" /> <result column="number" property="number" /> <!-- association:配置被包含对象的映射关系 property:被包含对象的变量名 javaType:被包含对象的数据类型 --> <!--仔细观察column对应的值都是SQL语句中的字段本身或者别名--> <!--下面的property="p"中的p对应的是Card类中引用person对象的变量名--> <association property="p" javaType="person"> <id column="pid" property="id" /> <result column="name" property="name" /> <result column="age" property="age" /> </association> </resultMap> <select id="selectAll" resultMap="oneToOne"> SELECT c.id cid,number,pid,NAME,age FROM card c,person p WHERE c.pid=p.id </select> </mapper>
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步骤五: 测试类(目前相当于service层实现类)
@Test public void selectAll() throws Exception{ //1.加载核心配置文件 InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml"); //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is); //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象 SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true); //4.获取OneToOneMapper接口的实现类对象 OneToOneMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OneToOneMapper.class); //5.调用实现类的方法,接收结果 List<Card> list = mapper.selectAll(); //6.处理结果 for (Card c : list) { System.out.println(c); } //7.释放资源 sqlSession.close(); is.close(); }
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一对一配置总结:
<resultMap>:配置字段和对象属性的映射关系标签。 id 属性:唯一标识 type 属性:实体对象类型 <id>:配置主键映射关系标签。 <result>:配置非主键映射关系标签。 column 属性:表中字段名称 property 属性: 实体对象变量名称 <association>:配置被包含对象的映射关系标签。 property 属性:被包含对象的变量名 javaType 属性:被包含对象的数据类型
3 多表模型一对多操作
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一对多模型: 一对多模型:班级和学生,一个班级可以有多个学生。
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代码实现
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步骤一: sql语句准备
CREATE TABLE classes( id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME VARCHAR(20) ); INSERT INTO classes VALUES (NULL,'一班'); INSERT INTO classes VALUES (NULL,'二班'); CREATE TABLE student( id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME VARCHAR(30), age INT, cid INT, CONSTRAINT cs_fk FOREIGN KEY (cid) REFERENCES classes(id) ); INSERT INTO student VALUES (NULL,'张三',23,1); INSERT INTO student VALUES (NULL,'李四',24,1); INSERT INTO student VALUES (NULL,'王五',25,2); INSERT INTO student VALUES (NULL,'赵六',26,2);
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步骤二: 创建实体类
package com.itheima.bean; import java.util.List; public class Student { private Integer id; //主键id private String name; //学生姓名 private Integer age; //学生年龄 public Student() { } public Student(Integer id, String name, Integer age) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.age = age; this.courses = courses; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\\'' + ", age=" + age + '}'; } }
package com.itheima.bean; import java.util.List; public class Classes { private Integer id; //主键id private String name; //班级名称 private List<Student> students; //班级中所有学生对象 public Classes() { } public Classes(Integer id, String name, List<Student> students) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.students = students; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public List<Student> getStudents() { return students; } public void setStudents(List<Student> students) { this.students = students; } @Override public String toString() { return "Classes{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\\'' + ", students=" + students + '}'; } }
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步骤三: dao层的mapper接口定义
package com.itheima.table02; import com.itheima.bean.Classes; import java.util.List; public interface OneToManyMapper { //查询全部 public abstract List<Classes> selectAll(); }
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步骤四: 映射配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.itheima.table02.OneToManyMapper"> <resultMap id="oneToMany" type="classes"> <id column="cid" property="id"/> <result column="cname" property="name"/> <!-- collection:配置被包含的集合对象映射关系 property:被包含对象的变量名 ofType:被包含对象的实际数据类型 --> <!--仔细观察column对应的值都是SQL语句中的字段本身或者别名--> <!--下面的property="students"中的students对应的是Classes类中引用List<Student>对象的变量名--> <collection property="students" ofType="student"> <id column="sid" property="id"/> <result column="sname" property="name"/> <result column="sage" property="age"/> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="selectAll" resultMap="oneToMany"> SELECT c.id cid,c.name cname,s.id sid,s.name sname,s.age sage FROM classes c,student s WHERE c.id=s.cid </select> </mapper>
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步骤五: 测试类(目前相当于service层实现类)
@Test public void selectAll() throws Exception{ //1.加载核心配置文件 InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml"); //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is); //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象 SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true); //4.获取OneToManyMapper接口的实现类对象 OneToManyMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OneToManyMapper.class); //5.调用实现类的方法,接收结果 List<Classes> classes = mapper.selectAll(); //6.处理结果 for (Classes cls : classes) { System.out.println(cls.学习笔记:python3,代码片段(2017)
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