简单实现自定义持久层框架,手写MyBatis实现基础功能
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简单实现自定义持久层框架,手写MyBatis实现基础功能
源码请点击–>手写持久层框架源码
1、 分析JDBC操作问题
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
try {
// 加载数据库驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
// 通过驱动管理类获取数据库链接
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?
characterEncoding=utf-8", "root", "root");
// 定义sql语句?表示占位符
String sql = "select * from user where username = ?";
// 获取预处理statement
preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
// 设置参数,第一个参数为sql语句中参数的序号(从1开始),第二个参数为设置的参数值
preparedStatement.setString(1, "tom");
// 向数据库发出sql执行查询,查询出结果集
resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
// 遍历查询结果集
while (resultSet.next()) {
int id = resultSet.getInt("id");
String username = resultSet.getString("username");
// 封装User
user.setId(id);
user.setUsername(username);
}
System.out.println(user);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 释放资源
if (resultSet != null) {
try {
resultSet.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (preparedStatement != null) {
try {
preparedStatement.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (connection != null) {
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
JDBC问题总结:
原始jdbc开发存在的问题如下:
- 数据库连接创建、释放频繁造成系统资源浪费,从而影响系统性能。
- Sql语句在代码中硬编码,造成代码不易维护,实际应用中sql变化的可能较大,sql变动需要改变 java代码。
- 使用preparedStatement向占有位符号传参数存在硬编码,因为sql语句的where条件不一定,可能多也可能少,修改sql还要修改代码,系统不易维护。
- 对结果集解析存在硬编码(查询列名),sql变化导致解析代码变化,系统不易维护,如果能将数据库记录封装成pojo对象解析比较方便。
2、 问题解决思路
- 使用数据库连接池初始化连接资源
- 将sql语句抽取到xml配置文件中
- 使用反射、内省等底层技术,自动将实体与表进行属性与字段的自动映射
3、 自定义框架设计
使用端:
提供核心配置文件:
sqlMapConfig.xml : 存放数据源信息,引入mapper.xml
Mapper.xml : sql语句的配置文件信息
框架端:
1、读取配置文件
读取完成以后以流的形式存在,我们不能将读取到的配置信息以流的形式存放在内存中,不好操作,可以创建javaBean来存储
Configuration : 存放数据库基本信息、Map<唯一标识,Mapper> 唯一标识:namespace + “.” + id
MappedStatement:sql语句、statement类型、输入参数java类型、输出参数java类型
2、解析配置文件
创建sqlSessionFactoryBuilder类:
方法:sqlSessionFactory build():
第一:使用dom4j解析配置文件,将解析出来的内容封装到Configuration和MappedStatement中
第二:创建SqlSessionFactory的实现类DefaultSqlSession
3、创建SqlSessionFactory:
方法:openSession() : 获取sqlSession接口的实现类实例对象
4、创建sqlSession接口及实现类:主要封装crud方法
方法:selectList(String statementId,Object param):查询所有
selectOne(String statementId,Object param):查询单个
具体实现:封装JDBC完成对数据库表的查询操作
涉及到的设计模式:
Builder构建者设计模式、工厂模式、代理模式
4、 自定义框架实现
在使用端项目中创建配置配置文件
创建 sqlMapConfig.xml
<configuration>
<!--数据库连接信息-->
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///zdy_mybatis"></property>
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
<! --引入sql配置信息-->
<mapper resource="mapper.xml"></mapper>
</configuration>
mapper.xml
<mapper namespace="User">
<select id="selectOne" paramterType="com.tao.pojo.User" resultType="com.tao.pojo.User">
select * from user where id = #{id} and username =#{username}
</select>
<select id="selectList" resultType="com.tao.pojo.User">
select * from user
</select>
</mapper>
User实体
public class User {
//主键标识
private Integer id;
//用户名
private String username;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\\'' + '}';
}
}
再创建一个Maven子工程并且导入需要用到的依赖坐标
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>dom4j</groupId>
<artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jaxen</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxen</artifactId>
<version>1.1.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
Configuration
public class Configuration {
//数据源
private DataSource dataSource;
//map集合: key:statementId value:MappedStatement
private Map<String,MappedStatement> mappedStatementMap = new HashMap<String,
MappedStatement>();
public DataSource getDataSource() {
return dataSource;
}
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
}
public Map<String, MappedStatement> getMappedStatementMap() {
return mappedStatementMap;
}
public void setMappedStatementMap(Map<String, MappedStatement> mappedStatementMap) {
this.mappedStatementMap = mappedStatementMap;
}
}
MappedStatement
public class MappedStatement {
//id
private Integer id;
//sql语句
private String sql;
//输入参数
private Class<?> paramterType;
//输出参数
private Class<?> resultType;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getSql() {
return sql;
}
public void setSql(String sql) {
this.sql = sql;
}
public Class<?> getParamterType() {
return paramterType;
}
public void setParamterType(Class<?> paramterType) {
this.paramterType = paramterType;
}
public Class<?> getResultType() {
return resultType;
}
public void setResultType(Class<?> resultType) {
this.resultType = resultType;
}
}
Resources
public class Resources {
public static InputStream getResourceAsSteam(String path){
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.class.getClassLoader.getResourceAsStream(path);
return resourceAsStream;
}
}
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder
public class SqlSessionFactoryBuilder {
private Configuration configuration;
public SqlSessionFactoryBuilder() {
this.configuration = new Configuration();
}
public SqlSessionFactory build(InputStream inputStream) throws
DocumentException, PropertyVetoException, ClassNotFoundException {
//1.解析配置文件,封装Configuration XMLConfigerBuilder
xmlConfigerBuilder = new XMLConfigerBuilder(configuration);
Configuration configuration =
xmlConfigerBuilder.parseConfiguration(inputStream);
//2.创建 sqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new
DefaultSqlSessionFactory(configuration);
return sqlSessionFactory;
}
}
XMLConfigerBuilder
public class XMLConfigerBuilder {
private Configuration configuration;
public XMLConfigerBuilder(Configuration configuration) {
this.configuration = new Configuration();
}
public Configuration parseConfiguration(InputStream inputStream) throws
DocumentException, PropertyVetoException, ClassNotFoundException {
Document document = new SAXReader().read(inputStream); //<configuation>
Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
List<Element> propertyElements = rootElement.selectNodes("//property");
Properties properties = new Properties();
for (Element propertyElement : propertyElements) {
String name = propertyElement.attributeValue("name");
String value = propertyElement.attributeValue("value");
properties.setProperty(name,value);
}
//连接池
ComboPooledDataSource comboPooledDataSource = new
ComboPooledDataSource();
comboPooledDataSource.setDriverClass(properties.getProperty("driverClass"));
comboPooledDataSource.setJdbcUrl(properties.getProperty("jdbcUrl"));
comboPooledDataSource.setUser(properties.getProperty("username"));
comboPooledDataSource.setPassword(properties.getProperty("password"));
//填充 configuration
configuration.setDataSource(comboPooledDataSource);
//mapper 部分
List<Element> mapperElements = rootElement.selectNodes("//mapper");
XMLMapperBuilder xmlMapperBuilder = new XMLMapperBuilder(configuration);
for (Element mapperElement : mapperElements) {
String mapperPath = mapperElement.attributeValue("resource");
InputStream resourceAsSteam = Resources.getResourceAsSteam(mapperPath);
xmlMapperBuilder.parse(resourceAsSteam);
}
return configuration;
}
}
XMLMapperBuilder
public class XMLMapperBuilder {
private Configuration configuration;
public XMLMapperBuilder(Configuration configuration) {
this.configuration = configuration;
}
public void parse(InputStream inputStream) throws DocumentException {
Document document = new SAXReader().read(inputStream);
Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
String namespace = rootElement.attributeValue("namespace");
List<Element> list = rootElement.selectNodes("//select");
for (Element element : list) {
String id = element.attributeValue("id");
String resultType = element.attributeValue("resultType");
String paramterType = element.attributeValue("paramterType");
String sqlText = element.getTextTrim();
MappedStatement mappedStatement = new MappedStatement();
mappedStatement.setId(id);
mappedStatement.setParamterType(paramterType);
mappedStatement.setResultType(resultType);
mappedStatement.setSql(sqlText);
String key = namespace + "." + id;
configuration.getMappedStatementMap().put(key,mappedStatement);
Java精进-手写持久层框架