SSM 项目整合详细解读

Posted Xiu Yan

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一、搭建整合环境

  1. 整合说明:SSM整合可以使用多种方式,本文选择XML + 注解的方式

  2. 整合的思路

    1. 先搭建整合的环境
    2. 先把 Spring 的配置搭建完成
    3. 再使用 Spring 整合 SpringMVC 框架
    4. 最后使用 Spring 整合 MyBatis 框架
  3. 创建数据库和表结构

  4. 创建maven的工程,并导入依赖

    <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
      <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
      <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
      <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
      <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
      <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
      <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
    </properties>
    
    <dependencies>
      <!-- spring -->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        <version>1.6.8</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>compile</scope>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>${mysql.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- log start -->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>${log4j.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- log end -->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.0</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    
  5. 编写实体类

    public class Account implements Serializable {
    
        private Integer id;
        private String name;
        private Double money;
    
        public Integer getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public Double getMoney() {
            return money;
        }
    
        public void setMoney(Double money) {
            this.money = money;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Account{" +
                    "id=" + id +
                    ", name='" + name + '\\'' +
                    ", money=" + money +
                    '}';
        }
    }
    
  6. 编写 dao 接口

    public interface AccountDao {
    
    	public void saveAccount(Account account);
    	
    	public List<Account> findAll();
    }
    
  7. 编写 service 接口和实现类

    public interface AccountService {
    
        //查询所有账户
        public List<Account> findAll();
    
        //保存账户信息
        public void saveAccount(Account account);
    }
    
    public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    
        private AccountDao accountDao;
    
        @Override
        public List<Account> findAll() {
            System.out.println("业务层,查询所有账户信息");
            return accountDao.findAll();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void saveAccount(Account account) {
            System.out.println("业务层,保存账户...");
            accountDao.saveAccount(account);
        }
    }
    

二、Spring 框架代码的编写

  1. 项目中创建applicationContext.xml的配置文件,编写具体的配置信息。

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
           xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    
        <!--开启注解的扫描,希望处理service和dao,controller不需要spring去处理-->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima">
            <!--配置哪些注解不扫描-->
            <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        </context:component-scan>
    </beans>
    
  2. 在业务层实现类中添加 @service 注解,并在web层类中添加自动注入的注解 @Autowired

    @Service("accountService")
    public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    
        ...
    }
    
    public class AccountController {
    
        @Autowired
        private AccountService accountService;
    
    	......
    }
    

三、Spring 整合 SpringMVC 框架

3.1 搭建 SpringMVC 的开发环境

  1. 在 web.xml 中配置 DispatcherServlet 前端控制器

    <!--配置前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
       <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
       <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
       <!--加载springmvc.xml-->
       <init-param>
         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
         <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
       </init-param>
       <!--启动服务器,创建该servlet-->
       <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
     </servlet>
     <servlet-mapping>
       <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
     </servlet-mapping>
    
  2. 在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet过滤器解决中文乱码

    <!--解决中文乱码的过滤器-->
    <filter>
      <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
      <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
      <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
      </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
  3. 创建springmvc.xml的配置文件,编写配置文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
        <!--开启注解扫描,只扫描Controller注解-->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima">
            <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        </context:component-scan>
    
        <!--配置的视图解析器对象-->
        <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
    
        <!--过滤静态资源-->
        <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>
        <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>
        <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
    
        <!--开启SpringMVC注解的支持 -->
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
    </beans>
    
  4. 在 web 层添加 @ResquestMapping 注解

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(path = "/account")
    public class AccountController {
    
        @Autowired
        private AccountService accountService;
    
    
        @RequestMapping(path = "/findAll")
        public String findAll(Model model){
            ...
            return "list";
        }
    
    
        @RequestMapping(path = "/save")
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