MySQL单机改造成HA方案的配置
Posted IT那活儿
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了MySQL单机改造成HA方案的配置相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
CentOS 7.9 64位
2.2 禁用selinux（双主节点）
2.3 设置用户的文件句柄及进程数（双主节点）
2.4 系统内核参数优化（双主节点）
Vim /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.swappiness = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.core.somaxconn = 65535
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 65535
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65535
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 10
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 40000 65500
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
vm.min_free_kbytes = 524288
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2542751744
vm.min_free_kbytes=524288
kernel.shmall = free/4
kernel.shmmax = free*1024*0.83.1 部署MySQL服务器（双主节点）
安装mysql数据库
在Oracle官网下载对应版本的mysql免编译二进制安装包解压即可。
配置mysql
配置mysql master节点：
▼▼▼
[mysql]
port=3306
socket=/data/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql/log/mysql.error
[mysqld]
port=3306
user=shsnc
basedir=/home/shsnc/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
socket=/data/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file=/data/mysql/log/mysql.pid
character-set-server=utf8
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
transaction_isolation=READ-COMMITTED
server_id=1
autocommit=1
tmp_table_size=128M
max_heap_table_size=96M
max_connections=1000
max_connect_errors=6000
long_query_time=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size=16G
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_log_buffer_size=8M
innodb_log_file_size=128M
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
innodb_write_io_threads=8
innodb_read_io_threads=4
innodb_doublewrite=0
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_stats_on_metadata=OFF
innodb_io_capacity=1000
log-bin-trust-function-creators=1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER
event_scheduler=on
max_allowed_packet=2G
slow_query_log=1
auto_increment_offset=1
auto_increment_increment=2
#replication
log_bin=/data/mysql/log/bin.log
log_bin_index=/data/mysql/log/bin.index
sync_binlog=1
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
sync_binlog=1
log_slave_updates
binlog_format=ROW
binlog_rows_query_log_events=1
relay_log=/data/mysql/log/relay.log
relay_log_recovery=1
slave_skip_errors=ddl_exist_errors
slave-rows-search-algorithms='INDEX_SCAN,HASH_SCAN'
#gtid
enforce_gtid_consistency=1
gtid_mode=ON
master_info_repository=table
relay_log_info_repository=table
slave_parallel_type=logical_clock
slave_parallel_workers=4
slave_pending_jobs_size_max=1G
slave_preserve_commit_order=1
sync_master_info=1
sync_relay_log_info=1
注：配置slave节点的时候只需修改server_id选项即可。
启动mysql服务
▼▼▼
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/home/mysql/my_cnf/my.cnf &
创建mysql复制账号
▼▼▼
create userrepl@'192.168.1.%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'xxxxxx';
grant REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* to repl@'192.168.1.%';
flush privileges;
配置双主同步
配置113同步到115:
▼▼▼
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.113',
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='xxxxxx',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
Start slave;
配置115同步到113：
▼▼▼
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.115',
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='xxxxxx',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
Start slave;
查看slave状态,Show slave status\G，若 IO、SQL进程状态都为YES则配置OK。
3.2 配置mysql HA高可用（双主节点）
-
安装keeepliaved
▼▼▼
./configure --prefix=/opt/keepalived && make && make install
配置keeepliaved
配置keepalived MASTER路由器
vi /opt/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
▼▼▼
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
shsnc@shsnc.com
}
notification_email_from smtp.163.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script checkk_mysql {
script "/opt/keepalived/script/check_mysql.sh"
interval 5
fall 3
rise 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface ens160
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
nopreempt
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 110120
}
virtual_ipaddress {
135.10.51.8
}
track_script {
checkk_mysql
}
notify_master "/opt/keepalived/script/keepalived_notify.sh master"
notify_backup "/opt/keepalived/script/keepalived_notify.sh backup"
}
注：BACKUP路由器只需修改优先级选项即可。
HA实时监测脚本，检查 mysql 进程是否存在，如果mysql挂了就停止keepalived,使VIP漂移到BACKUP机器上
Vim /opt/keepalived/script/check_mysql.sh
▼▼▼
A=`ps -C mysqld --no-header |wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ]
then
/bin/systemctl stop syskeepalived
fi
HA切换执行脚本：
Vim /opt/keepalived/script/keepalived_notify.sh
▼▼▼
#!/bin/bash
. ~/.bash_profile
#mysql user
DB_USER="root"
#mysql user password
DB_PASSWORD='shsnc!@#'
MYSQL_SOCK=""
#mysql_bin
MYSQL_BIN="/home/shsnc/mysql/bin/mysql"
#mysql client command
MYSQL_CMD="${MYSQL_BIN} -u${DB_USER} -p${DB_PASSWORD}"
#query the killed seesion's id sql
MYSQL_SQL="select concat('kill ',id,';') from information_schema.processlist where user not in ('system user','repl','replic','backup','bkpuser','bomcjk','root','myrobot')"
#关闭事件任务
AMP_EVENT_PARTITION_DISABLE="ALTER event domp.event_add_partitions ON COMPLETION PRESERVE DISABLE"
DOMP_EVENT_PARTITION_DISABLE="ALTER event amp.event_add_partitions ON COMPLETION PRESERVE DISABLE"
#开启事件任务
AMP_EVENT_PARTITION_ENABLE="ALTER event domp.event_add_partitions ON COMPLETION PRESERVE ENABLE"
DOMP_EVENT_PARTITION_ENABLE="ALTER event amp.event_add_partitions ON COMPLETION PRESERVE ENABLE"
#define function: get mysql service information
function get_mysql_infor()
{
for sock in `ps -ef | grep mysqld | grep '\-\-socket=' | awk -F'--socket=' '{print $2}' | awk '{print $1}'`
do
MYSQL_SOCK="${MYSQL_SOCK}$(echo $sock)"
done
}
#define function: mysql kill sessions
function kill_sessions()
{
#receive a mysql socket file parameter
#my_sock=$(get_mysql_infor)
unset MYSQL_SOCK
get_mysql_infor
# kill session
#..................
#begin to kill mysql sessions
${MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -Ne "${MYSQL_SQL}" 2>/dev/null | ${MYSQL_CMD} > /dev/null 2>&1
}
#define function: set mysql read_only mode
function set_readonly()
{
#receive mysql socket file && read_only sign parameter
#my_sock=$(get_mysql_infor)
unset MYSQL_SOCK
get_mysql_infor
my_sign=$1
#begin to set mysql read_only mode
${MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -Ne "set global read_only=${my_sign}" 2>/dev/null
}
#define function: keepalived state changed to master
function Keepalived_changed_to_master()
{
#my_sock=$(get_mysql_infor)
unset MYSQL_SOCK
get_mysql_infor
#开始事件任务
${MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -Ne "${AMP_EVENT_PARTITION_ENABLE} 2>/dev/null "
${MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -Ne "${DOMP_EVENT_PARTITION_ENABLE} 2>/dev/null "
Seconds_Behind_Master=$(${MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Seconds_Behind_Master | awk -F": " '{print $2}')
Slave_IO_Running=$(${MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Slave_IO_Running | awk -F": " '{print $2}')
Slave_SQL_Running=$(${MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Slave_SQL_Running | awk -F": " '{print $2}')
Master_Log_File=$(${MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Master_Log_File | awk -F": " '{print $2}')
Relay_Master_Log_File=$({MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Relay_Master_Log_File | awk -F": " '{print $2}')
Read_Master_Log_Pos=$({MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Read_Master_Log_Pos | awk -F": " '{print $2}')
Exec_Master_Log_Pos=$({MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Exec_Master_Log_Pos | awk -F": " '{print $2}')
echo
#
if [ "${Slave_IO_Running}" = "Yes" -a "${Slave_SQL_Running}" = "Yes" ]
then
if [ $Seconds_Behind_Master -eq 0 ]
then
echo '判断复制无延迟,即将切换'
#.........set mysql no read_only mode.........
set_readonly 0
exit 0
fi
fi
if [ "${Slave_IO_Running}" = "Connecting" -a "${Slave_SQL_Running}" = "Yes" ]
then
if [ "${Master_Log_File}" = "${Relay_Master_Log_File}" -a "${Read_Master_Log_Pos}" = "${Exec_Master_Log_Pos}" ]
then
echo "主库宕机,即将切换"
#.........set mysql no read_only mode.........
set_readonly 0
exit 0
fi
fi
}
#define function: keepalived state changed to backup
function Keepalived_changed_to_backup()
{
#my_sock=$(get_mysql_infor)
unset MYSQL_SOCK
get_mysql_infor
${MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -Ne "${AMP_EVENT_PARTITION_DISABLE} 2>/dev/null "
${MYSQL_CMD} -S ${MYSQL_SOCK} -Ne "${DOMP_EVENT_PARTITION_DISABLE} 2>/dev/null "
#set mysql read_only mode
set_readonly 1
#kill mysql sessions
kill_sessions
}
#start this shell
case $1 in
master)
Keepalived_changed_to_master
;;
backup)
Keepalived_changed_to_backup
;;
*)
;;
esac
启动keepalived
systemctl start keepalived
观察113/115机器上的日志情况
tailf /var/logs/message
ip addr
同时模拟keepalived故障时ip漂移情况以及主从节点只读状态设置情况：
4.1 在数据库上创建VIP地址白名单账号
▼▼▼
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, REFERENCES, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, EXECUTE, CREATE VIEW, SHOW VIEW, CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, EVENT, TRIGGER ON *.* TO 'shsnc'@'135.10.66.125' identified by 'xxxxxx';
4.2 验证MySQL HA
mysql -h135.10.51.8 -u'shsnc' -p
应用修改数据库配置文件，并启动应用及测试:
将配置文件中数据库连接中配置IP 改为 HA方案的虚拟VIP: 135.10.51.8
经测试，启动应用后，测试业务数据正常，且能正常写入和读取数据，MySQL高可用配置ok。
更多精彩干货分享
点击下方名片关注
IT那活儿