Python基础教程之操作NoSQL型数据库

Posted 2021-06-19 ProChick

非关系型数据库

• 1.操作Redis数据库
• 2.操作MongoDB数据库

1.操作Redis数据库

• 下载安装redis相关库

  $ pip install redis
  

• 连接数据库示例

  import redis
  
  client = redis.Redis(host='127.0.0.1',port=6379,password='')
  
  # 清空操作
  client.flushdb()
  client.flushAll()
  

• 字符串类型数据

  import redis
  
  client = redis.Redis(host='127.0.0.1',port=6379,password='')
  
  client.set('name','张三')
  client.get('name')
  client.mset({'k1':'value1','k2':'value2'})
  client.mget(['k1','k2'])
  

• Hash类型数据

  import redis
  
  client = redis.Redis(host='127.0.0.1',port=6379,password='')
  
  client.hset('student','{}')
  client.hget('student','name')
  client.hgetall('student')
  

• List类型数据

  import redis
  
  client = redis.Redis(host='127.0.0.1',port=6379,password='')
  
  client.lpush('name','zhangsan')
  client.lpush('name','lisi')
  client.llen('name')
  client.lpop('name')
  

• Set类型数据

  import redis
  
  client = redis.Redis(host='127.0.0.1',port=6379,password='')
  
  client.sadd('zhangsan','lisi')
  client.scard('zhangsan')
  client.spop('zhangsan')
  

• ZSet类型数据

  import redis
  
  client = redis.Redis(host='127.0.0.1',port=6379,password='')
  
  client.zadd('student',{'stu1':'zhangsan','stu2':'lisi'})
  client.zcard('student')
  client.zcount('student', 1, 2)
  client.zrange('student', start=0, end=2)
  

2.操作MongoDB数据库

• 术语对应关系
  

• 下载安装mongodb数据库

  sudo yum install epel-release.noarch
  
  # 如果失败执行上面
  sudo yum install mongodb-server -y
  sudo yum install mongodb -y
  
  # 启动服务
  mongod -f /etc/mongod.conf
  
  # 启动客户端
  mongo
  

• 命令行相关操作

  # 展示数据库
  show databases;
  
  # 创建、删除数据库
  use newdatabase;
  db.dropDatabase()
  
  # 创建表、展示表、删除表
  db.createCollection('student')
  db.createCollection('teacher')
  show collections;
  db.student.drop()
  
  # 数据的增删改查
  db.student.insert({'name':'zhangsan','age':20})
  db.student.update({'name':'zhangsan'},{'name':'lisi','age':21})
  db.student.remove({'name':'zhangsan'})
  db.student.find()
  db.student.find().pretty()
  

• 下载安装mongodb的相关库

  $ pip3 install pymongo
  

• 代码相关操作

  from pymongo import MongoClient
  
  # 创建连接对象
  client = MongoClient(host='localhost',port=27017)
  
  # 获取数据库对象
  db = client.newdatabase
  
  # 获取指定数据表的操作游标
  cursor = db.student
  
  # 进行增删改查操作
  cursor.insert({"name":"zhangsan","age":18})
  cursor.save({"name":"zhangsan","age":18})
  cursor.update({"name":"zhangsan"},{'$set':{"age":20}})
  cursor.remove({'name': 'zhangsan'})
  cursor.remove()
  
  # 遍历查询操作
  for stu in cursor.find()
  	print(stu)
  	
  cursor.find_one({'name':'zhangsan'})