请问vc中为啥有的函数前缀为下划线,有的函数无下划线?两者有啥区别?
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比如getch和_getch()有什么区别。
谢谢!
像这种我倒是看到过,
当C++程序调用C编译出来的库时,(当然要用extern先声明下)C的函数会自动在函数名前加个下滑线,貌似是这样描述的。 参考技术B 加下划线的是微软写的函数.
Linux Kernel中函数命名
在Linux Kernel中某些特定含义的函数命令有自己的规律,比如这里将简单的介绍一下函数名前双下划线__和devm_xxx函数的意思。
函数名称前的双下划线__
标记需要加锁:
在内核中,有很多函数,有的是需要调用者自己加锁保护的,有些是不需要加锁保护的。对于这些场景,linux kernel采取了统一的策略:基本函数名字是一样的,只不过需要调用者自己加锁保护的那个函数需要增加__的前缀,例如内核有有下面两个函数:setup_irq()和__setup_irq()。
两个函数在kernel/irq/manage.c中定义:
/**
* setup_irq - setup an interrupt
* @irq: Interrupt line to setup
* @act: irqaction for the interrupt
*
* Used to statically setup interrupts in the early boot process.
*/
int setup_irq(unsigned int irq, struct irqaction *act)
{
int retval;
struct irq_desc *desc = irq_to_desc(irq);
if (WARN_ON(irq_settings_is_per_cpu_devid(desc)))
return -EINVAL;
chip_bus_lock(desc);
retval = __setup_irq(irq, desc, act);
chip_bus_sync_unlock(desc);
return retval;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(setup_irq);
标记更接近底层的调用
一般双下划线也用于标记更接近底层的调用,如kernel/irq/manage.c中的__disable_irq_nosync():
```
/** * disable_irq_nosync - disable an irq without waiting
- @irq: Interrupt to disable
- Disable the selected interrupt line. Disables and Enables are
- nested.
- Unlike disable_irq(), this function does not ensure existing
- instances of the IRQ handler have completed before returning.
- This function may be called from IRQ context.
*/
void disable_irq_nosync(unsignedint irq)
{
__disable_irq_nosync(irq);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(disable_irq_nosync);
/**
- disable_irq - disable an irq and wait for completion
- @irq: Interrupt to disable
- Disable the selected interrupt line. Enables and Disables are
- nested.
- This function waits for any pending IRQ handlers for this interrupt
- to complete before returning. If you use this function while
- holding a resource the IRQ handler may need you will deadlock.
- This function may be called - with care - from IRQ context.
*/
void disable_irq(unsignedint irq)
{
if(!__disable_irq_nosync(irq)) synchronize_irq(irq);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(disable_irq);
devm_xxx 函数
下面列举一些常用的资源申请接口,它们由各个framework(如clock、regulator、gpio等等)基于device resource management实现。使用时,直接忽略devm_的前缀,后面剩下的部分,driver工程师都很熟悉。只需记住一点,driver可以只申请,不释放,设备模型会帮忙释放。不过如果为了严谨,在driver remove时,可以主动释放(也有相应的接口,这里没有列出)。
externvoiddevm_kzalloc(struct device dev,size_t size, gfp_t gfp);
void __iomem devm_ioremap_resource(struct device dev,struct resource *res);
void __iomem devm_ioremap(struct device dev, resource_size_t offset,unsignedlong size);
struct clk devm_clk_get(struct device dev,constchar*id);
int devm_gpio_request(struct device dev,unsigned gpio,constcharlabel);
static inline struct pinctrl * devm_pinctrl_get_select(struct device dev,constcharname)
static inline struct pwm_device devm_pwm_get(struct device dev,constchar*consumer);
struct regulator devm_regulator_get(struct device dev,constcharid);
static inline int devm_request_irq(struct device dev,unsignedint irq, irq_handler_t handler,
unsignedlong irqflags,constchardevname,voiddev_id);
struct reset_control devm_reset_control_get(struct device dev,constchar*id);
```
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