CentOS8 Yum安装MySQL
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RPM包安装mysql
- CentOS 8：安装光盘直接提供
- mysql-server：8.0
- mariadb-server : 10.3.17
- CentOS 7：安装光盘直接提供 （抛弃了mysql）
- mariadb-server：5.5 服务器包
- mariadb 客户端工具包
- CentOS 6：
- mysql-server：5.1 服务器包
- mysql 客户端工具包
CentOS 8 yum安装自带mysql
yum -y install mysql-server
- 安装 mysql-community-server是不行的
[root@C8-194 ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:28:45 ago on Wed 12 May 2021 05:03:54 PM CST.
No match for argument: mysql-community-server
Error: Unable to find a match: mysql-community-server
- 需要安装mysql-server
[root@C8-194 ~]# yum -y install mysql-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:28:53 ago on Wed 12 May 2021 05:03:54 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
===============================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===============================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-server x86_64 8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36 AppStream 22 M
Upgrading:
audit x86_64 3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8 BaseOS 254 k
audit-libs x86_64 3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8 BaseOS 116 k
libsemanage x86_64 2.9-3.el8 BaseOS 165 k
policycoreutils x86_64 2.9-9.el8 BaseOS 377 k
Installing dependencies:
checkpolicy x86_64 2.9-1.el8 BaseOS 348 k
libaio x86_64 0.3.112-1.el8 BaseOS 33 k
policycoreutils-python-utils noarch 2.9-9.el8 BaseOS 251 k
python3-audit x86_64 3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8 BaseOS 86 k
python3-libsemanage x86_64 2.9-3.el8 BaseOS 127 k
python3-policycoreutils noarch 2.9-9.el8 BaseOS 2.2 M
python3-setools x86_64 4.3.0-2.el8 BaseOS 626 k
mecab x86_64 0.996-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.9 AppStream 393 k
mysql-errmsg x86_64 8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36 AppStream 581 k
protobuf-lite x86_64 3.5.0-13.el8 AppStream 149 k
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================
Install 11 Packages
Upgrade 4 Packages
Total download size: 28 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/15): libaio-0.3.112-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 238 kB/s | 33 kB 00:00
(2/15): policycoreutils-python-utils-2.9-9.el8.noarch.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 251 kB 00:00
(3/15): python3-audit-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.0 MB/s | 86 kB 00:00
(4/15): python3-libsemanage-2.9-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 3.2 MB/s | 127 kB 00:00
(5/15): checkpolicy-2.9-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 348 kB 00:00
(6/15): python3-setools-4.3.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 4.6 MB/s | 626 kB 00:00
(7/15): mysql-errmsg-8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.x86_64.rpm 2.0 MB/s | 581 kB 00:00
(8/15): mecab-0.996-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.9.x86_64.rpm 892 kB/s | 393 kB 00:00
(9/15): python3-policycoreutils-2.9-9.el8.noarch.rpm 4.1 MB/s | 2.2 MB 00:00
(10/15): protobuf-lite-3.5.0-13.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 149 kB 00:00
(11/15): audit-libs-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64.rpm 706 kB/s | 116 kB 00:00
(12/15): libsemanage-2.9-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.3 MB/s | 165 kB 00:00
(13/15): policycoreutils-2.9-9.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 377 kB 00:00
(14/15): audit-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64.rpm 289 kB/s | 254 kB 00:00
(15/15): mysql-server-8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.x86_64.rpm 7.7 MB/s | 22 MB 00:02
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 7.8 MB/s | 28 MB 00:03
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Running scriptlet: audit-libs-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64 1/1
Upgrading : audit-libs-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64 1/19
Upgrading : libsemanage-2.9-3.el8.x86_64 2/19
Installing : python3-libsemanage-2.9-3.el8.x86_64 3/19
Upgrading : policycoreutils-2.9-9.el8.x86_64 4/19
Running scriptlet: policycoreutils-2.9-9.el8.x86_64 4/19
Installing : python3-audit-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64 5/19
Installing : protobuf-lite-3.5.0-13.el8.x86_64 6/19
Installing : mysql-errmsg-8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.x86_64 7/19
Installing : mecab-0.996-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.9.x86_64 8/19
Running scriptlet: mecab-0.996-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.9.x86_64 8/19
Installing : python3-setools-4.3.0-2.el8.x86_64 9/19
Installing : libaio-0.3.112-1.el8.x86_64 10/19
Installing : checkpolicy-2.9-1.el8.x86_64 11/19
Installing : python3-policycoreutils-2.9-9.el8.noarch 12/19
Installing : policycoreutils-python-utils-2.9-9.el8.noarch 13/19
Running scriptlet: mysql-server-8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.x86_64 14/19
Installing : mysql-server-8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.x86_64 14/19
Running scriptlet: mysql-server-8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.x86_64 14/19
ValueError: File context for /var/log/mysql(/.*)? already defined
Upgrading : audit-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64 15/19
Running scriptlet: audit-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64 15/19
Running scriptlet: policycoreutils-2.9-3.el8.x86_64 16/19
Cleanup : policycoreutils-2.9-3.el8.x86_64 16/19
Running scriptlet: audit-3.0-0.10.20180831git0047a6c.el8.x86_64 17/19
Cleanup : audit-3.0-0.10.20180831git0047a6c.el8.x86_64 17/19
Running scriptlet: audit-3.0-0.10.20180831git0047a6c.el8.x86_64 17/19
Cleanup : libsemanage-2.9-1.el8.x86_64 18/19
Cleanup : audit-libs-3.0-0.10.20180831git0047a6c.el8.x86_64 19/19
Running scriptlet: audit-libs-3.0-0.10.20180831git0047a6c.el8.x86_64 19/19
Verifying : checkpolicy-2.9-1.el8.x86_64 1/19
Verifying : libaio-0.3.112-1.el8.x86_64 2/19
Verifying : policycoreutils-python-utils-2.9-9.el8.noarch 3/19
Verifying : python3-audit-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64 4/19
Verifying : python3-libsemanage-2.9-3.el8.x86_64 5/19
Verifying : python3-policycoreutils-2.9-9.el8.noarch 6/19
Verifying : python3-setools-4.3.0-2.el8.x86_64 7/19
Verifying : mecab-0.996-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.9.x86_64 8/19
Verifying : mysql-errmsg-8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.x86_64 9/19
Verifying : mysql-server-8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.x86_64 10/19
Verifying : protobuf-lite-3.5.0-13.el8.x86_64 11/19
Verifying : audit-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64 12/19
Verifying : audit-3.0-0.10.20180831git0047a6c.el8.x86_64 13/19
Verifying : audit-libs-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64 14/19
Verifying : audit-libs-3.0-0.10.20180831git0047a6c.el8.x86_64 15/19
Verifying : libsemanage-2.9-3.el8.x86_64 16/19
Verifying : libsemanage-2.9-1.el8.x86_64 17/19
Verifying : policycoreutils-2.9-9.el8.x86_64 18/19
Verifying : policycoreutils-2.9-3.el8.x86_64 19/19
Upgraded:
audit-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64 audit-libs-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64
libsemanage-2.9-3.el8.x86_64 policycoreutils-2.9-9.el8.x86_64
Installed:
mysql-server-8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.x86_64
checkpolicy-2.9-1.el8.x86_64
libaio-0.3.112-1.el8.x86_64
policycoreutils-python-utils-2.9-9.el8.noarch
python3-audit-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64
python3-libsemanage-2.9-3.el8.x86_64
python3-policycoreutils-2.9-9.el8.noarch
python3-setools-4.3.0-2.el8.x86_64
mecab-0.996-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.9.x86_64
mysql-errmsg-8.0.21-1.module_el8.2.0+493+63b41e36.x86_64
protobuf-lite-3.5.0-13.el8.x86_64
Complete!
启动mysql服务并设置为开机启动
[root@C8-194 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[root@C8-194 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL 8.0 database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-05-12 17:36:06 CST; 48s ago
Process: 2879 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-upgrade (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 2753 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-prepare-db-dir mysqld.service (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 2728 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-socket (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 2835 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 39 (limit: 11353)
Memory: 432.9M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─2835 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr
May 12 17:36:00 C8-194 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL 8.0 database server...
May 12 17:36:00 C8-194 mysql-prepare-db-dir[2753]: Initializing MySQL database
May 12 17:36:06 C8-194 systemd[1]: Started MySQL 8.0 database server.
查看端口是否已打开
[root@C8-194 ~]# ss -ntl | grep 3306
LISTEN 0 70 *:33060 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:*
[root@C8-194 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.21 Source distribution
查看数据库状态
mysql> status
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.21 for Linux on x86_64 (Source distribution)
Connection id: 8
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.0.21 Source distribution
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 8 min 28 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 6 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 137 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 55 Queries per second avg: 0.011
--------------
查看默认数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
跑一遍初始化脚本
- 重置了密码
- 仅用了匿名用户
- 删除了默认库
[root@C8-194 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.
VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y
There are three levels of password validation policy:
LOW Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file
Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG:
Invalid option provided.
There are three levels of password validation policy:
LOW Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file
Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG:
Invalid option provided.
There are three levels of password validation policy:
LOW Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file
Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 0
Please set the password for root here.
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Estimated strength of the password: 25
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
... Failed! Error: Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Estimated strength of the password: 50
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Estimated strength of the password: 50
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
- Dropping test database...
Success.
- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
All done!
使用更改过的密码登录
mysql -uroot -p'aaaaaaaa'
[root@C8-194 ~]# mysql
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
[root@C8-194 ~]# mysql -uroot -p aaaaaaaa
Enter password:
ERROR 1049 (42000): Unknown database 'aaaaaaaa'
[root@C8-194 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'aaaaaaaa'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.0.21 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
再次查看自带数据库内容
- 剩下的都是系统数据库了
mysql> show;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '' at line 1
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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