C# 生成chart图表的三种方式

Posted 2021-06-06 dotNET编程大全

在．net中，微软给我们提供了画图类（system.drawing.imaging），在该类中画图的基本功能都有。比如：直线、折线、矩形、多边形、椭圆形、扇形、曲线等等，因此一般的图形都可以直接通过代码画出来。接下来介绍一些画图函数：
Bitmap bmap=new Bitmap(500,500)　/定义图像大小；
bmap.Save(stream,imagecodecinfo) /将图像保存到指定的输出流；
Graphics gph /定义或创建gdi绘图对像；
PointF cpt　/定义二维平面中x,y坐标；
DrawString(string,font,brush,ponitf) /用指定的brush和font对像在指定的矩形或点绘制指定的字符串；
DrawLine(pen,ponit,ponit) /用指定的笔(pen)对像绘制指定两点之间直线；
DrawPolygon(pen,ponit[]) /用指定的笔(pen)对像绘制指定多边形，比如三角形，四边形等等；
FillPolygon(brush,ponit[]) /用指定的刷子(brush)对像填充指定的多边形；
DrawEllipse(pen,x,y,width,height) /用指定的笔绘制一个边框定义的椭圆；
FillEllipse(brush,x,y,width,height) /用指定的刷子填充一个边框定义的椭圆；
DrawRectangle(pen,x,y,width,height) /用指定的笔绘制一个指定坐标点、宽度、高度的矩形；
DrawPie(pen,x,y,width,height,startangle,sweepangle) /用指定的笔绘制一个指定坐标点、宽度、高度以及两条射线组成的扇形；

如果你在Form中绘图的话，不论是不是采用的双缓存，都会看到图片在更新的时候都会不断地闪烁，解决方法就是在这个窗体的构造函数中增加以下三行代码：

请在构造函数里面底下加上如下几行：

SetStyle(ControlStyles.UserPaint, true);

SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint, true);   //   禁止擦除背景.

SetStyle(ControlStyles.DoubleBuffer, true);   //   双缓冲

参数说明：

UserPaint  

如果为true，控件将自行绘制，而不是通过操作系统来绘制。此样式仅适用于派生自   Control的类。

AllPaintingInWmPaint  

如果为true，控件将忽略 WM_ERASEBKGND窗口消息以减少闪烁。仅当UserPaint   位设置为true时，才应当应用该样式。   

DoubleBuffer  

如果为true，则绘制在缓冲区中进行，完成后将结果输出到屏幕上。双重缓冲区可防止由控件重绘引起的闪烁。要完全启用双重缓冲，还必须将UserPaint和AllPaintingInWmPaint样式位设置为   true。 

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Diagnostics;using System.Drawing;using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting;

namespace WindowsFormsApp2{ public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } private Queue<double> dataQueue = new Queue<double>();//把Queue<double>看成一个类型 int[] a=new int [8] List<int> lis = new List<int>(); private void InitChart() { Chart[] ch = new Chart[1] { chart1 }; for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++) { ch[i].ChartAreas.Clear(); ChartArea chartArea1 = new ChartArea("C1"); ch[i].ChartAreas.Add(chartArea1); //定义存储和显示点的容器 ch[i].Series.Clear(); Series series1 = new Series("S1"); series1.ChartArea = "C1"; ch[i].Series.Add(series1);
 ch[i].ChartAreas[0].AxisY.IsStartedFromZero = false; ch[i].Legends[0].Enabled = false;
 ch[i].ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Interval = 1; ch[i].ChartAreas[0].AxisX.MajorGrid.LineColor = System.Drawing.Color.Silver; ch[i].ChartAreas[0].AxisY.MajorGrid.LineColor = System.Drawing.Color.Silver; //设置标题 ch[i].Titles.Clear(); ch[i].Titles.Add("S01"); ch[i].Titles[0].Text = "通道" + (i + 1) + " 折线图显示"; ch[i].Titles[0].ForeColor = Color.RoyalBlue; ch[i].Titles[0].Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 12F); //设置图表显示样式 ch[i].Series[0].Color = Color.Red; //this.chart1.Titles[0].Text = string.Format("{0}折线图显示", ); ch[i].Series[0].ChartType = SeriesChartType.FastLine; ch[i].Series[0].Points.Clear(); } }
 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {  List<string> xData = new List<string>() ; for (int i = 0; i < 90; i++) { xData.Add("A" + i.ToString()); }  List<int> yData = new List<int>() ; for (int i = 0; i < 90; i++) { yData.Add(Convert.ToInt32 (Math.Sin(i))); } Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); sw.Start(); chart1.Series[0]["PieLabelStyle"] = "Outside";//将文字移到外侧  chart1.Series[0]["PieLineColor"] = "Black";//绘制黑色的连线。 chart1.Series[0].Points.DataBindXY(xData, yData); sw.Stop(); label1.Text = sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString("0000"); }

 private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { //双缓冲参考https://blog.csdn.net/kasama1953/article/details/51637617 this.DoubleBuffered = true;//设置本窗体 SetStyle(ControlStyles.UserPaint, true); SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint, true); // 禁止擦除背景. SetStyle(ControlStyles.DoubleBuffer, true); // 双缓冲
 InitChart(); for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) dataQueue.Enqueue(i+1); for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) { lis.Add(i); //if (i == 5) // lis.RemoveAt(0); } }

 private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); sw.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < lis.Count; i++) chart2.Series[0].Points.AddXY((i + 1), lis[i]); sw.Stop(); label1.Text = sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString("0000"); }

 private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); sw.Start(); string[] month = new string[12] { "一月", "二月", "三月", "四月", "五月", "六月", "七月", "八月", "九月", "十月", "十一月", "十二月" }; float[] d = new float[12] { 20.5f, 60, 10.8f, 15.6f, 30, 70.9f, 50.3f, 30.7f, 70, 50.4f, 30.8f, 20 }; //画图初始化 Bitmap bmap = new Bitmap(500, 500); Graphics gph = Graphics.FromImage(bmap); gph.Clear(Color.White); PointF cpt = new PointF(40, 420);//中心点 PointF[] xpt = new PointF[3] { new PointF(cpt.Y + 15, cpt.Y), new PointF(cpt.Y, cpt.Y - 8), new PointF(cpt.Y, cpt.Y + 8) };//x轴三角形 PointF[] ypt = new PointF[3] { new PointF(cpt.X, cpt.X - 15), new PointF(cpt.X - 8, cpt.X), new PointF(cpt.X + 8, cpt.X) };//y轴三角形 gph.DrawString("某工厂某产品月生产量图表", new Font("宋体", 14), Brushes.Black, new PointF(cpt.X + 60, cpt.X));//图表标题 //画x轴 gph.DrawLine(Pens.Black, cpt.X, cpt.Y, cpt.Y, cpt.Y); gph.DrawPolygon(Pens.Black, xpt); gph.FillPolygon(new SolidBrush(Color.Black), xpt); gph.DrawString("月份", new Font("宋体", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(cpt.Y + 10, cpt.Y + 10)); //画y轴 gph.DrawLine(Pens.Black, cpt.X, cpt.Y, cpt.X, cpt.X); gph.DrawPolygon(Pens.Black, ypt); gph.FillPolygon(new SolidBrush(Color.Black), ypt); gph.DrawString("单位(万)", new Font("宋体", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(0, 7)); for (int i = 1; i <= 12; i++) { //画y轴刻度 if (i < 11) { gph.DrawString((i * 10).ToString(), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black, new PointF(cpt.X - 30, cpt.Y - i * 30 - 6)); gph.DrawLine(Pens.Black, cpt.X - 3, cpt.Y - i * 30, cpt.X, cpt.Y - i * 30); } //画x轴项目 gph.DrawString(month[i - 1].Substring(0, 1), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black, new PointF(cpt.X + i * 30 - 5, cpt.Y + 5)); gph.DrawString(month[i - 1].Substring(1, 1), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black, new PointF(cpt.X + i * 30 - 5, cpt.Y + 20)); if (month[i - 1].Length > 2) gph.DrawString(month[i - 1].Substring(2, 1), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black, new PointF(cpt.X + i * 30 - 5, cpt.Y + 35)); //画点 gph.DrawEllipse(Pens.Black, cpt.X + i * 30 - 1.5f, cpt.Y - d[i - 1] * 3 - 1.5f, 3, 3); gph.FillEllipse(new SolidBrush(Color.Black), cpt.X + i * 30 - 1.5f, cpt.Y - d[i - 1] * 3 - 1.5f, 3, 3); //画数值 gph.DrawString(d[i - 1].ToString(), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black, new PointF(cpt.X + i * 30, cpt.Y - d[i - 1] * 3)); //画折线 if (i > 1) gph.DrawLine(Pens.Red, cpt.X + (i - 1) * 30, cpt.Y - d[i - 2] * 3, cpt.X + i * 30, cpt.Y - d[i - 1] * 3); } //保存输出图片 //bmap.Save(Response.OutputStream, ImageFormat.Gif); pictureBox1.Image = bmap; sw.Stop();
 label1.Text = sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString("0000");
 }
 private void Form1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e) {
 } }}

运行结果：