第138天学习打卡（Docker 实战测试 Tomcat）
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实战测试
Docker Hub中99%镜像都是从这个基础镜像过来的FROM scratch ，然后配置需要的软件和配置来进行的构建。
创建一个自己的centos
[root@kuangshen ~]# cd /
[root@kuangshen /]# clear
[root@kuangshen /]# cd /home
[root@kuangshen home]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.44-windows-x64 ceshi kuangshen qinjiang test.java
apache-tomcat-9.0.45 docker-test-volume kuangshen.java redis www
apache-tomcat-9.0.45.tar.gz jdk-8u291-linux-x64.rpm mysql swagger-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[root@kuangshen home]# mkdir dockerfile
[root@kuangshen home]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.44-windows-x64 ceshi jdk-8u291-linux-x64.rpm mysql swagger-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
apache-tomcat-9.0.45 dockerfile kuangshen qinjiang test.java
apache-tomcat-9.0.45.tar.gz docker-test-volume kuangshen.java redis www
[root@kuangshen home]# cd dockerfile
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# ls
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# vim mydockerfile-centos
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-oBbrR4fE-1622102572550)(C:\\Users\\HP\\AppData\\Roaming\\Typora\\typora-user-images\\image-20210526145407592.png)]
pwd 命令来查看”当前工作目录“的完整路径
添加功能：
FROM centos
MAINTAINER kuangshen<24736743@qq.com>
ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH
RUN yum -y install vim
RUN yum -y install net-tools
EXPOSE 80
CMD echo $MYPATH
CMD echo "----end----"
CMD /bin/bash
然后按esc键，输入:wq命令保存退出。
#1. 编写Dockerfile的文件
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# cat mydockerfile-centos
FROM centos
MAINTAINER kuangshen<24736743@qq.com>
ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH
RUN yum -y install vim
RUN yum -y install net-tools
EXPOSE 80
CMD echo $MYPATH
CMD echo "----end----"
CMD /bin/bash
# 2.通过这个文件构建镜像
# docker build -f dockerfile文件路径 -t 镜像名:[tag]
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# docker build -f mydockerfile-centos
"docker build" requires exactly 1 argument.
See 'docker build --help'.
Usage: docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -
Build an image from a Dockerfile
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# docker build -f mydockerfile-centos -t mycentos:0.1 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048kB
Step 1/10 : FROM centos
---> 300e315adb2f
Step 2/10 : MAINTAINER kuangshen<24736743@qq.com>
---> Running in 3a7a2a9a9aab
Removing intermediate container 3a7a2a9a9aab
---> 801c422e5b05
Step 3/10 : ENV MYPATH /usr/local
---> Running in 9e146d3f70c0
Removing intermediate container 9e146d3f70c0
---> f1af1d780034
Step 4/10 : WORKDIR $MYPATH
---> Running in 9f891871174c
Removing intermediate container 9f891871174c
---> 6676cda251f0
Step 5/10 : RUN yum -y install vim
---> Running in 906117676d62
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream 3.7 MB/s | 6.3 MB 00:01
CentOS Linux 8 - BaseOS 1.2 MB/s | 2.3 MB 00:01
CentOS Linux 8 - Extras 6.8 kB/s | 9.6 kB 00:01
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
vim-enhanced x86_64 2:8.0.1763-15.el8 appstream 1.4 M
Installing dependencies:
gpm-libs x86_64 1.20.7-15.el8 appstream 39 k
vim-common x86_64 2:8.0.1763-15.el8 appstream 6.3 M
vim-filesystem noarch 2:8.0.1763-15.el8 appstream 48 k
which x86_64 2.21-12.el8 baseos 49 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 5 Packages
Total download size: 7.8 M
Installed size: 30 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/5): gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64.rpm 115 kB/s | 39 kB 00:00
(2/5): vim-filesystem-8.0.1763-15.el8.noarch.rp 296 kB/s | 48 kB 00:00
(3/5): vim-enhanced-8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.8 MB/s | 1.4 MB 00:00
(4/5): which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64.rpm 113 kB/s | 49 kB 00:00
(5/5): vim-common-8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64.rpm 6.2 MB/s | 6.3 MB 00:01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 4.2 MB/s | 7.8 MB 00:01
warning: /var/cache/dnf/appstream-02e86d1c976ab532/packages/gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8483c65d: NOKEY
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream 373 kB/s | 1.6 kB 00:00
Importing GPG key 0x8483C65D:
Userid : "CentOS (CentOS Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
Fingerprint: 99DB 70FA E1D7 CE22 7FB6 4882 05B5 55B3 8483 C65D
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64 1/5
Installing : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.noarch 2/5
Installing : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64 3/5
Installing : gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64 4/5
Running scriptlet: gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64 4/5
Installing : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64 5/5
Running scriptlet: vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64 5/5
Running scriptlet: vim-common-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64 5/5
Verifying : gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64 1/5
Verifying : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64 2/5
Verifying : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64 3/5
Verifying : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.noarch 4/5
Verifying : which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64 5/5
Installed:
gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64 vim-common-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64
vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64 vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.noarch
which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64
Complete!
Removing intermediate container 906117676d62
---> f56ca51b90b8
Step 6/10 : RUN yum -y install net-tools
---> Running in 384928d98541
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:10 ago on Wed May 26 07:10:37 2021.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
net-tools x86_64 2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8 baseos 322 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 322 k
Installed size: 942 k
Downloading Packages:
net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64.rpm 462 kB/s | 322 kB 00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 272 kB/s | 322 kB 00:01
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64
Complete!
Removing intermediate container 384928d98541
---> d7e9bb2d1271
Step 7/10 : EXPOSE 80
---> Running in f75080cd5eed
Removing intermediate container f75080cd5eed
---> 82b43e520a75
Step 8/10 : CMD echo $MYPATH
---> Running in e99fa39a873d
Removing intermediate container e99fa39a873d
---> f54e6fa1b453
Step 9/10 : CMD echo "----end----"
---> Running in 5a443ddf2f6b
Removing intermediate container 5a443ddf2f6b
---> aa4d15151e3e
Step 10/10 : CMD /bin/bash
---> Running in 13c55005ed95
Removing intermediate container 13c55005ed95
---> 300c9b0fd545
Successfully built 300c9b0fd545
Successfully tagged mycentos:0.1
# 3.测试运行
对比：之前原生的centos
我们增加后的镜像：
我们可以列出本地进行的变更历史：
我们平时拿到一个镜像，可以研究一下它是怎么做的了。
CMD 和 ENTRYPOINT的区别
CMD # 指定这个容器启动的时候要运行的命令,只有最后一个会生效， 可被替代
ENTRYPOINT #指定这个容器启动的时候要运行的命令，可以追加命令！
测试cmd:
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# ls
mydockerfile-centos
#编写dockerfile文件
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# vim dockerfile-cmd-test
FROM centos
CMD ["ls","-a"]
#构建镜像
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# docker build -f dockerfile-cmd-test -t cmdtest .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072kB
Step 1/2 : FROM centos
---> 300e315adb2f
Step 2/2 : CMD ["ls","-a"]
---> Running in 749b16e55bab
Removing intermediate container 749b16e55bab
---> ec083efa7e49
Successfully built ec083efa7e49
Successfully tagged cmdtest:latest
#run 运行 CMD # 指定这个容器启动的时候要运行的命令,只有最后一个会生效， 可被替代
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# docker run ec083efa7e49 #发现ls -a生效了
.
..
.dockerenv
bin
dev
etc
home
lib
lib64
lost+found
media
mnt
opt
proc
root
run
sbin
srv
sys
tmp
usr
var
#项追加一个命令-l 返回的是 ls -al 展示列表的详细数据
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# docker run ec083efa7e49 -l
docker: Error response from daemon: OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:367: starting container process caused: exec: "-l": executable file not found in $PATH: unknown.
#cmd的情况下，-l替换了CMD["LS","-a"] 命令，-l不是命令所以报错！
# 必须写完整命令才可以查看到
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# docker run ec083efa7e49 ls -al
total 56
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 May 26 07:59 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 May 26 07:59 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 May 26 07:59 .dockerenv
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Nov 3 2020 bin -> usr/bin
测试ENTRYPOINT
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# vim dockerfile-cmd-entrypoint
ENTRYPOINTFROM centos
ENTRYPOINT ["ls","-a"]
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# docker build -f dockerfile-cmd-entrypoint
"docker build" requires exactly 1 argument.
See 'docker build --help'.
Usage: docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -
Build an image from a Dockerfile
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# docker build -f dockerfile-cmd-entrypoint -t entrypoint-test .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 4.096kB
Step 1/2 : FROM centos
---> 300e315adb2f
Step 2/2 : ENTRYPOINT ["ls","-a"]
---> Running in 5cd3782eb276
Removing intermediate container 5cd3782eb276
---> 76e236292fce
Successfully built 76e236292fce
Successfully tagged entrypoint-test:latest
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# docker run 76e236292fce
.
..
.dockerenv
bin
dev
etc
home
lib
lib64
lost+found
media
mnt
opt
proc
root
run
sbin
srv
sys
tmp
usr
var
# 追加的命令，是直接拼接在我们的ENTRYPOINT命令后面的！
[root@kuangshen dockerfile]# docker run 76e236292fce -l
total 56
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 May 26 08:09 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 May 26 08:09 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 May 26 08:09 .dockerenv
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Nov 3 2020 bin -> usr/bin
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 340 May 26 08:09 dev
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 May 26 08:09 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 home
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Nov 3 2020 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 3 2020 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 17:37 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 media
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 mnt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 137 root root 0 May 26 08:09 proc
dr-xr-x--- 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 17:37 root
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Dec 4 17:37 run
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Nov 3 2020 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 srv
dr-xr-xr-x 13 root root 0 May 24 10:50 sys
drwxrwxrwt 7 root root 4096 Dec 4 17:37 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Dec 4 17:37 usr
drwxr-xr-x 20 root root 4096 Dec 4 17:37 var
Dockerfile中很多的命令都是十分相似的，需要了解它们的区别，最好的学习方式就是对比它们然后测试效果。
实战：Tomcat镜像
1.准备镜像文件tomcat压缩包，jdk压缩包！
2.编写dockerfile文件,官方命令 Dockerfile， build 会自动寻找这个文件，就不需要-f指定了。
[root@kuangshen home]# touch readme.txt
[root@kuangshen home]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos
MAINTAINER kuangshen<24736743@qq.com>
COPY readme.txt /usr/local/readme.txt
ADD jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/
ADD apache-tomcat-9.0.45.tar.gz /usr/local/
RUN yum -y install vim
ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_291
ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.45
ENV CATALINA_BASH /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.45
ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/lib:$CATALINA_HOME/bin
EXPOSE 8080
CMD /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.45/bin/startup.sh && tail -F /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.45/bin/logs/catalina.out
3.构建镜像
[root@kuangshen home]# docker build -t diytomcat .
- 启动镜像
[root@kuangshen home]# docker run -d -p 9092:8080 --name kuangshentomcat5 -v /home/test:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.45/webapps/test -v /home/tomcatlogs/:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.45/logs diytomcat
3f119c6138ed7a1f5b2e2707f8a942cf15ccfec35f937dc158efae2747446198
[root@kuangshen home]# docker exec -it 3f119c6138ed7 /bin/bash
[root@3f119c6138ed local]# ls
aegis apache-tomcat-9.0.45 bin etc games include jdk1.8.0_291 lib lib64 libexec readme.txt sbin share src
[root@3f119c6138ed local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@3f119c6138ed local]# ls -l
total 56
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 26 12:10 aegis
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 May 26 09:18 apache-tomcat-9.0.45
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 games
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 include
drwxr-xr-x 8 10143 10143 4096 Apr 7 19:26 jdk1.8.0_291
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 4 17:37 lib64
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 libexec
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 26 09:18 readme.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Dec 4 17:37 share
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 2020 src
[root@3f119c6138ed local]# cd apache-tomcat-9.0.45/
[root@3f119c6138ed apache-tomcat-9.0.45]# ls
BUILDING.txt CONTRIBUTING.md LICENSE NOTICE README.md RELEASE-NOTES RUNNING.txt bin conf lib logs temp webapps work
[root@3f119c6138ed apache-tomcat-9.0.45]# ls -l
total 152
-rw-r----- 1 root root 18984 Mar 30 10:29 BUILDING.txt
-rw-r----- 1 root root 5587 Mar 30 10:29 CONTRIBUTING.md
-rw-r----- 1 root root 57092 Mar 30 10:29 LICENSE
-rw-r----- 1 root root 2333 Mar 30 10:29 NOTICE
-rw-r----- 1 root root 3257 Mar 30 10:29 README.md
-rw-r----- 1 root root 6898 Mar 30 10:29 RELEASE-NOTES
-rw-r----- 1 root root 16507 Mar 30 10:29 RUNNING.txt
drwxr-x--- 2 root root 4096 Mar 30 10:29 bin
drwx------ 1 root root 4096 May 26 12:10 conf
drwxr-x--- 2 root root 4096 Mar 30 10:29 lib
drwxr-x--- 1 root root 4096 May 26 12:10 logs
drwxr-x--- 2 root root 4096 Mar 30 10:29 temp
drwxr-x--- 7 root root 4096 Mar 30 10:29 webapps
drwxr-x--- 1 root root 4096 May 26 12:10 work
[root@3f119c6138ed apache-tomcat-9.0.45]#
报这个错误的时候： curl: (56) Recv failure: Connection reset by peer
解决方法：
1.看配置文件写错没有
2.看jdk的版本是否对应自己的压缩包的版本,注意这里的配置得一样
ADD jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_291
对应的端口要去阿里云的安全组里面配置：
5.访问测试：
6.发布项目（由于做了卷挂载，我们直接在本地编写项目就可以发布了）
[root@kuangshen home]# cd test/
[root@kuangshen test]# pwd
/home/test
[root@kuangshen test]# mkdir WEB-INF
[root@kuangshen test]# ls
WEB-INF
[root@kuangshen test]# cd WEB-INF/
[root@kuangshen WEB-INF]# vim web.xml
[root@kuangshen WEB-INF]# cd ..
[root@kuangshen test]# ls
WEB-INF
[root@kuangshen test]# vim index.jsp
[root@kuangshen test]# cat index.jsp
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0"
metadata-complete="true">
</web-app>
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<%--居中--%>
<div >
<%-- 这里表单表示的意思是：以post方式提交表单，提交到外面的login请求--%>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="post">
用户名: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
密码: <input type="password"name="password"><br>
爱好:
<%-- checkbox多选框--%>
<input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" value="女孩">女孩
<input type="checkbox"name="hobbies" value="代码">代码
<input type="checkbox"name="hobbies" value="唱歌">唱歌
<input type="checkbox"name="hobbies" value="电影">电影
<br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
项目部署成功，可以直接访问页面：
打印日志：
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