一篇搞定分布式事务Seata
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1、概述
①、分布式事务问题
分布式前
单机单库，即一个
web服务仅对应一个mysql数据库1:N或者N:N，也就是一个服务对应多个数据库或多个服务对应多个数据库。
分布式后
单体应用被拆分成微服务应用，原来的三个模块被拆分成三个独立的应用，分别使用三个独立的数据源，业务操作需要调用三个服务来完成。此时每个服务内部的数据—致性由本地事务来保证，但是
全局的数据一致性问题没法保证。
②、什么是Seata
官方中文档
Seata（Simple Extensible Autonomous Transaction Architecture）是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于在微服务架构下提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务，能处理一个典型的分布式事务过程
③、Seata术语
分布式事务处理过程的
ID+三组件模型
Transaction ID全局唯一的事务ID
三组件概念
TC (Transaction Coordinator) - 事务协调者：维护全局和分支事务的状态，驱动全局事务提交或回滚。
TM (Transaction Manager) - 事务管理器：定义全局事务的范围：开始全局事务、提交或回滚全局事务。
RM (Resource Manager) - 资源管理器：管理分支事务处理的资源，与TC交谈以注册分支事务和报告分支事务的状态，并驱动分支事务提交或回滚。
官方示意图
TM向TC申请开启一个全局事务，全局事务创建成功并生成一个全局唯一的XIDXID在微服务调用链路的上下文中传播;RM向TC注册分支事务，将其纳入XID对应全局事务的管辖TM向TC发起针对XID的全局提交或回滚决议;TC调度XID下管辖的全部分支事务完成提交或回滚请求。
翻译成人话就是
三个
万年不理人的辅导员Microservices表示三个宿舍，每个宿舍设定8个人，合在一起表示我们班的大家伙（班里人够少的啊）。TC表示我们班的JAVA授课老师伟哥，TM表示我们那现在辅导员要我们的伟哥开一个班，讲授
SpringCloud，伟哥毫不犹豫的就答应了，由于疫情期间，学生都在家，所以就在网课平台开了一个ID为XID的直播房间（每次上课都重新创建，房间号都不一样）当同学们都进入直播间以后，老师是可以在房间成员列表看到这些同学的，老师确认对应的同学在线后，便会在心里将这个同学记下来，当要点名回答问题的时候，可以抽他。
这时候辅导员确认同学们都到了以后，就通知伟哥开始上课。
上课结束以后，伟哥通知大家下课休息，可以退出直播间了。
④、怎么用
Seata单说使用，并不复杂，对于如下的分布式交易解决方案
我们只需要使用一个
@GlobalTransactional注解在业务方法上，加了这个注解的方法就是我们的事务请求发起方，也就是TM，白话也是不理人的辅导员
@GlobalTransactional
public void purchase(String userId, String commodityCode, int orderCount) {
......
}
⑤、Windows安装
版本发行说明
秉着新版都是留给大佬踩
bug的心态，我们稳坐第二排，Git仓库找到一个带有GA标识的稳定版本，然后下载。
Git仓库和官网都有下载链接，都在source资源目录下
下载完成后，解压到本地，进入
conf目录，将file.conf文件复制备份一份
编辑该文件，文件中的中文注释自行删除，否则运行可能会报错，这里是给大家说明
既然配置了本地的数据库，就创建所需要的数据库
创建了数据库，还需要建三张表，建表语句如果
conf下面没有（部分版本没有，比如我这个1.0），可以上官网找，我这里找到一份，直接复制到navicat中执行
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
`xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`status` TINYINT NOT NULL,
`application_id` VARCHAR(32),
`transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
`transaction_name` VARCHAR(128),
`timeout` INT,
`begin_time` BIGINT,
`application_data` VARCHAR(2000),
`gmt_create` DATETIME,
`gmt_modified` DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
KEY `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
`branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
`resource_id` VARCHAR(256),
`branch_type` VARCHAR(8),
`status` TINYINT,
`client_id` VARCHAR(64),
`application_data` VARCHAR(2000),
`gmt_create` DATETIME(6),
`gmt_modified` DATETIME(6),
PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
`row_key` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`xid` VARCHAR(96),
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`resource_id` VARCHAR(256),
`table_name` VARCHAR(32),
`pk` VARCHAR(36),
`gmt_create` DATETIME,
`gmt_modified` DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
然后回到
conf文件夹将registry.conf复制备份一份，再次编辑
然后启动
bin目录下的seata-server.bat（前提是你的nacos已经启动成功），启动如果闪退，就以管理员模式启动
然后进入
nacos控制台查看服务是否开启
⑥、Docker安装
Ⅰ、MySQL
docker pull mysql:5.7
进入开启容器
docker run -p 33306:3306 --name mysql5.7 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7
连接
navicat
开始配置数据库
#进入mysql容器
docker exec -it mysql5.7 /bin/bash
#进入mysql
mysql -uroot -p
#创建seata数据库
create database seata character set utf8;
use seata;
#创建Seate所需要的表
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
`xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`status` TINYINT NOT NULL,
`application_id` VARCHAR(32),
`transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
`transaction_name` VARCHAR(128),
`timeout` INT,
`begin_time` BIGINT,
`application_data` VARCHAR(2000),
`gmt_create` DATETIME,
`gmt_modified` DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
KEY `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
`branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
`resource_id` VARCHAR(256),
`branch_type` VARCHAR(8),
`status` TINYINT,
`client_id` VARCHAR(64),
`application_data` VARCHAR(2000),
`gmt_create` DATETIME(6),
`gmt_modified` DATETIME(6),
PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
`row_key` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`xid` VARCHAR(96),
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`resource_id` VARCHAR(256),
`table_name` VARCHAR(32),
`pk` VARCHAR(36),
`gmt_create` DATETIME,
`gmt_modified` DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
#退出容器
exit
接下来创建
nacos持久化所需要的nacos_config表，这里演示直接执行sql文件创建数据库，先把nacos的conf目录下的nacos-mysql.sql文件上传到服务器，然后在mysql中执行
#这里我没有用数据卷映射宿主机路径了，直接就根据复制到默认的映射文件夹中，其中的id为mysql容器的id，这个怎么查不用教吧
docker cp /opt/nacos-mysql.sql 17c3f76e61f4:/home
#创建nacos数据库
create database nacos character set utf8;
use nacos;
#执行sql文件
source /home/nacos-mysql.sql
Ⅱ、nacos
docker pull nacos/nacos-server
指定数据库
MySQL启动nacos（这样就不用进入nacos容器对配置文件一行行进行修改，具体参数需要修改为你自己对于的参数）
docker run --env MODE=standalone --name nacos_seata -d -p 8848:8848 -e MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST=39.105.43.3 -e MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT=33306 -e MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_NAME=nacos -e MYSQL_SERVICE_USER=root -e MYSQL_SERVICE_PASSWORD=123456 -e SPRING_DATASOURCE_PLATFORM=mysql -e MYSQL_DATABASE_NUM=1 nacos/nacos-server
随意增加两条配置，查看数据库是否正常持久化（貌似两条记录的时间和我本机的时间不一样，可能容器里面没同步，暂时不管，应该不影响）
Ⅲ、seata
#拉取镜像
docker pull seataio/seata-server
#运行
docker run --name seata -d -h 39.105.43.3 -p 8091:8091 seataio/seata-server
#进入容器，由于这个镜像是由alpine制作的，执行的是sh而不是bash
docker exec -it seata /bin/sh
#切换目录
cd resource
#备份两个配置文件
cp file.conf file.conf.bk
cp registry.conf registry.conf.bk
#修改file.conf，由于没有vim工具，就用vi编辑了
vi file.conf
url:url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:33306/seata?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8"
#修改registry.conf文件
最后一次重新启动
mysql，nacos，seata，阿里云莫名1G连三个容器都开不起来了，本文案例演示仍然在windows平台进行，图个方便，有空去虚拟机搞一下
2、配置官网案例
①、分析业务逻辑
回顾业务逻辑
用户购买商品的业务逻辑。整个业务逻辑由3个微服务提供支持：
仓储服务：对于给定的商品扣除仓储数量。
订单服务：根据采购需求创建订单。
账户服务：从用户账户中扣除余额。
这里我们会创建三个服务，一个订单服务，一个库存服务，一个账户服务。
当用户下单时，会在订单服务中创建一个订单，然后通过远程调用库存服务来扣减下单商品的库存，再通过远程调用账户服务来扣减用户账户里面的余额，最
后在订单服务中修改订单状态为已完成。该操作跨越三个数据库，有两次远程调用，很明显会有分布式事务问题。
也就是下订单=》减库存=》减余额
②、创建数据库
CREATE DATABASE seata_order;
CREATE DATABASE seata_storage;
CREATE DATABASE seata_account;
seata_order库
CREATE TABLE t_order(
`id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
`user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
`product_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',
`count` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`money` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '金额',
`status` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单状态: 0创建中 1已完结'
) ENGINE = INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
seata_storage库
CREATE TABLE t_storage(
`id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
`product_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',
`total` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总库存',
`used` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用库存',
`residue` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存'
) ENGINE = INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO t_storage( `id`,`product_id`, `total`,`used`,`residue`) values(1,1,100,0,100);
SELECT * FROM t_storage;
seata_account库
CREATE TABLE t_account(
`id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
`user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
`total` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总额度',
`used` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用额度',
`residue` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余额度'
) ENGINE = INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO t_account( `id`,`user_id`, `total`,`used`,`residue`) values(1,1,1000,0,1000);
SELECT * FROM t_account;
找到
conf目录下的db_undo_log.sql文件，拷贝其中的sql语句执行（1.0的又没有），有没有都无所谓了，我直接贴出来，在三个数据库中分别执行以下语句，创建日志回滚表
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
`log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
`log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
`log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
`ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
③、订单模块
Ⅰ、建Module
Ⅱ、POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>SpringCloudDemo</artifactId>
<groupId>com.phz.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>SeataConsumerOrder2001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!-- nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- seata-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!--上面派出了自带的seata，然后引入我们本地版本的1.0-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--hutool 测试雪花算法-->
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-captcha</artifactId>
<version>5.2.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
Ⅲ、YML
server:
port: 2001
spring:
application:
name: seata-order-service
cloud:
alibaba:
seata:
# 自定义事务组名称需要与seata-server中的对应
tx-service-group: phz_test
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 39.105.43.3:8848
datasource:
# 当前数据源操作类型
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
# mysql驱动类
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql:///seata_order?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
username: root
password: 123456
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: false
logging:
level:
io:
seata: info
mybatis:
mapperLocations: classpath*:mapper/*.xml
Ⅳ、file.conf
transport {
# tcp udt unix-domain-socket
type = "TCP"
#NIO NATIVE
server = "NIO"
#enable heartbeat
heartbeat = true
#thread factory for netty
thread-factory {
boss-thread-prefix = "NettyBoss"
worker-thread-prefix = "NettyServerNIOWorker"
server-executor-thread-prefix = "NettyServerBizHandler"
share-boss-worker = false
client-selector-thread-prefix = "NettyClientSelector"
client-selector-thread-size = 1
client-worker-thread-prefix = "NettyClientWorkerThread"
# netty boss thread size,will not be used for UDT
boss-thread-size = 1
#auto default pin or 8
worker-thread-size = 8
}
shutdown {
# when destroy server, wait seconds
wait = 3
}
serialization = "seata"
compressor = "none"
}
service {
#vgroup->rgroup
# 事务组名称
vgroup_mapping.fsp_tx_group = "default"
#only support single node
default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091"
#degrade current not support
enableDegrade = false
#disable
disable = false
#unit ms,s,m,h,d represents milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, days, default permanent
max.commit.retry.timeout = "-1"
max.rollback.retry.timeout = "-1"
disableGlobalTransaction = false
}
client {
async.commit.buffer.limit = 10000
lock {
retry.internal = 10
retry.times = 30
}
report.retry.count = 5
tm.commit.retry.count = 1
tm.rollback.retry.count = 1
}
## transaction log store
store {
## store mode: file、db
#mode = "file"
mode = "db"
## file store
file {
dir = "sessionStore"
# branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions
max-branch-session-size = 16384
# globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions
max-global-session-size = 512
# file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer
file-write-buffer-cache-size = 16384
# when recover batch read size
session.reload.read_size = 100
# async, sync
flush-disk-mode = async
}
## database store
db {
## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp) etc.
datasource = "dbcp"
## mysql/oracle/h2/oceanbase etc.
db-type = "mysql"
driver-class-name = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata"
user = "root"
password = "123456"
min-conn = 1
max-conn = 3
global.table = "global_table"
branch.table = "branch_table"
lock-table = "lock_table"
query-limit = 100
}
}
lock {
## the lock store mode: local、remote
mode = "remote"
local {
## store locks in user's database
}
remote {
## store locks in the seata's server
}
}
recovery {
#schedule committing retry period in milliseconds
committing-retry-period = 1000
#schedule asyn committing retry period in milliseconds
asyn-committing-retry-period = 1000
#schedule rollbacking retry period in milliseconds
rollbacking-retry-period = 1000
#schedule timeout retry period in milliseconds
timeout-retry-period = 1000
}
transaction {
undo.data.validation = true
undo.log.serialization = "jackson"
undo.log.save.days = 7
#schedule delete expired undo_log in milliseconds
undo.log.delete.period = 86400000
undo.log.table = "undo_log"
}
## metrics settings
metrics {
enabled = false
registry-type = "compact"
# multi exporters use comma divided
exporter-list = "prometheus"
exporter-prometheus-port = 9898
}
support {
## spring
spring {
# auto proxy the DataSource bean
datasource.autoproxy = false
}
}
Ⅴ、registry.conf
registry {
# file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
type = "nacos"
nacos {
#serverAddr = "localhost"
serverAddr = "39.105.43.3:8848"
namespace = ""
cluster = "default"
}
eureka {
serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
application = "default"
weight = "1"
}
redis {
serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
db = "0"
}
zk {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
session.timeout = 6000
connect.timeout = 2000
}
consul {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
}
etcd3 {
cluster = "default"
serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
}
sofa {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
application = "default"
region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
cluster = "default"
group = "SEATA_GROUP"
addressWaitTime = "3000"
}
file {
name = "file.conf"
}
}
config {
# file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
type = "file"
nacos {
serverAddr = "localhost"
namespace = ""
}
consul {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
}
apollo {
app.id = "seata-server"
apollo.meta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
}
zk {
serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
session.timeout = 6000
connect.timeout = 2000
}
etcd3 {
serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
}
file {
name = "file.conf"
}
}
Ⅵ、业务类
domain
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 16:52
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className Order.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Order {
private Long id;
private Long userId;
private Long productId;
private Integer count;
private BigDecimal money;
private Integer status; // 订单状态 0：创建中 1：已完结
}
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 16:51
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className CommonResult.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
private Integer code;
private String message;
private T data;
public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
this(code, message, null);
}
}
dao
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 16:55
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className OrderDao.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Mapper
public interface OrderDao {
/**
* 1 新建订单
*
* @param order
* @return
*/
int create(Order order);
/**
* 2 修改订单状态,从0改为1
*
* @param userId
* @param status
* @return
*/
int update(@Param("userId") Long userId, @Param("status") Integer status);
}
mapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.phz.dao.OrderDao">
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.phz.domain.Order">
<id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"></id>
<result column="user_id" property="userId" jdbcType="BIGINT"></result>
<result column="product_id" property="productId" jdbcType="BIGINT"></result>
<result column="count" property="count" jdbcType="INTEGER"></result>
<result column="money" property="money" jdbcType="DECIMAL"></result>
<result column="status" property="status" jdbcType="INTEGER"></result>
</resultMap>
<insert id="create" parameterType="com.phz.domain.Order" useGeneratedKeys="true"
keyProperty="id">
insert into t_order(user_id,product_id,count,money,status) values (#{userId},#{productId},#{count},#{money},0);
</insert>
<update id="update">
update t_order set status =1 where user_id =#{userId} and status=#{status};
</update>
</mapper>
service
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:01
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className StorageService.java
* @description TODO
*/
@FeignClient(value = "seata-storage-service")
public interface StorageService {
/**
* 减库存
* @param productId
* @param count
* @return
*/
@PostMapping(value = "/storage/decrease")
CommonResult decrease(@RequestParam("productId") Long productId, @RequestParam("count") Integer count);
}
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:01
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className OrderService.java
* @description TODO
*/
public interface OrderService {
/**
* 创建订单
* @param order
*/
void create(Order order);
}
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:01
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className AccountService.java
* @description TODO
*/
@FeignClient(value = "seata-account-service")
public interface AccountService {
/**
* 减余额
* @param userId
* @param money
* @return
*/
@PostMapping(value = "/account/decrease")
CommonResult decrease(@RequestParam("userId") Long userId, @RequestParam("money") BigDecimal money);
}
impl
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:03
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className OrderServiceImpl.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Service
@Slf4j
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
@Resource
private OrderDao orderDao;
@Resource
private AccountService accountService;
@Resource
private StorageService storageService;
/**
* 创建订单->调用库存服务扣减库存->调用账户服务扣减账户余额->修改订单状态
* 简单说:
* 下订单->减库存->减余额->改状态
* GlobalTransactional seata开启分布式事务,异常时回滚,name保证唯一即可
*
* @param order 订单对象
*/
@Override
///@GlobalTransactional(name = "fsp-create-order", rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void create(Order order) {
// 1 新建订单
log.info("----->开始新建订单");
orderDao.create(order);
// 2 扣减库存
log.info("----->订单微服务开始调用库存,做扣减Count");
storageService.decrease(order.getProductId(), order.getCount());
log.info("----->订单微服务开始调用库存,做扣减End");
// 3 扣减账户
log.info("----->订单微服务开始调用账户,做扣减Money");
accountService.decrease(order.getUserId(), order.getMoney());
log.info("----->订单微服务开始调用账户,做扣减End");
// 4 修改订单状态,从0到1,1代表已完成
log.info("----->修改订单状态开始");
orderDao.update(order.getUserId(), 0);
log.info("----->下订单结束了,O(∩_∩)O哈哈~");
}
}
controller
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:08
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className OrderController.java
* @description TODO
*/
@RestController
public class OrderController {
@Resource
private OrderService orderService;
/**
* 创建订单
*
* @param order
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/order/create")
public CommonResult create(Order order) {
orderService.create(order);
return new CommonResult(200, "订单创建成功");
}
}
config
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:10
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className DataSourceProxyConfig.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Configuration
public class DataSourceProxyConfig {
@Value("${mybatis.mapperLocations}")
private String mapperLocations;
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public DataSource druidDataSource() {
return new DruidDataSource();
}
@Bean
public DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy(DataSource druidDataSource) {
return new DataSourceProxy(druidDataSource);
}
@Bean
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy) throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
bean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy);
ResourcePatternResolver resolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
bean.setMapperLocations(resolver.getResources(mapperLocations));
return bean.getObject();
}
}
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:08
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className MybatisConfig.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Configuration
@MapperScan({"com.phz.dao"})
public class MybatisConfig {
}
Ⅶ、主启动
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:12
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className SeataOrderMain2001.java
* @description TODO
*/
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class) //取消数据源的自动创建
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class SeataOrderMain2001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SeataOrderMain2001.class, args);
}
}
④、库存模块
Ⅰ、Module
Ⅱ、POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>SpringCloudDemo</artifactId>
<groupId>com.phz.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>SeataStorageService2002</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!-- nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- seata-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
Ⅲ、YML
server:
port: 2002
spring:
application:
name: seata-storage-service
cloud:
alibaba:
seata:
# 自定义事务组名称需要与seata-server中的对应
tx-service-group: phz_test
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 39.105.43.3:8848
datasource:
# 当前数据源操作类型
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
# mysql驱动类
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql:///seata_storage?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
username: root
password: 123456
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: false
logging:
level:
io:
seata: info
mybatis:
mapperLocations: classpath*:mapper/*.xml
Ⅳ、file.conf
#参考2001，一样
Ⅴ、registry.conf
#参考2001，一样
Ⅵ、业务类
domain
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:36
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className Storage.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Storage {
private Long id;
private Long productId;
private Integer total;
private Integer used;
private Integer residue;
}
//还有一个CommonResult复制2001即可
dao
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:36
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className StorageDao.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Mapper
public interface StorageDao {
void decrease(@Param("productId") Long productId, @Param("count") Integer count);
}
mapper
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.phz.dao.StorageDao">
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.phz.domain.Storage">
<id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
<result column="product_id" property="productId" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
<result column="total" property="total" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
<result column="used" property="used" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
<result column="residue" property="residue" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
</resultMap>
<update id="decrease">
update t_storage
set used = used + #{count}, residue = residue - #{count}
where product_id= #{productId};
</update>
</mapper>
service
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:38
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className StorageService.java
* @description TODO
*/
public interface StorageService {
void decrease(@RequestParam("productId") Long productId, @RequestParam("count") Integer count);
}
impl
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:40
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className StorageServiceImpl.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Service
@Slf4j
public class StorageServiceImpl implements StorageService {
@Resource
private StorageDao storageDao;
@Override
public void decrease(Long productId, Integer count) {
log.info("----> StorageService中扣减库存");
storageDao.decrease(productId, count);
log.info("----> StorageService中扣减库存完成");
}
}
controller
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:41
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className StorageController.java
* @description TODO
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class StorageController {
@Resource
private StorageService storageService;
@RequestMapping("/storage/decrease")
public CommonResult decrease(@RequestParam("productId") Long productId, @RequestParam("count") Integer count){
storageService.decrease(productId, count);
log.info("扣减库存成功!");
return new CommonResult(200, "扣减库存成功!");
}
}
config
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:46
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className MybatisConfig.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Configuration
@MapperScan({"com.phz.dao"})
public class MybatisConfig {
}
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:47
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className DataSourceProxyConfig.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Configuration
public class DataSourceProxyConfig {
@Value("${mybatis.mapperLocations}")
private String mapperLocations;
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public DataSource druidDataSource() {
return new DruidDataSource();
}
@Bean
public DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy(DataSource druidDataSource) {
return new DataSourceProxy(druidDataSource);
}
@Bean
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy) throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
bean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy);
ResourcePatternResolver resolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
bean.setMapperLocations(resolver.getResources(mapperLocations));
return bean.getObject();
}
}
Ⅶ、主启动
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:47
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className SeataStorageMain2002.java
* @description TODO
*/
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class SeataStorageMain2002 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SeataStorageMain2002.class, args);
}
}
⑤、支付模块
Ⅰ、Module
Ⅱ、POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>SpringCloudDemo</artifactId>
<groupId>com.phz.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>SeataAccountService2003</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!-- nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- seata-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
Ⅲ、YML
server:
port: 2003
spring:
application:
name: seata-account-service
cloud:
alibaba:
seata:
# 自定义事务组名称需要与seata-server中的对应
tx-service-group: phz_test
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 39.105.43.3:8848
datasource:
# 当前数据源操作类型
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
# mysql驱动类
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql:///seata_account?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
username: root
password: 123456
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: false
logging:
level:
io:
seata: info
mybatis:
mapperLocations: classpath*:mapper/*.xml
Ⅳ、file.conf
#参考2001，一样
Ⅴ、registry.conf
#参考2001，一样
Ⅵ、业务类
domain
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:51
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className Account.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Account {
private Long id;
private Long userId;
private BigDecimal total;
private BigDecimal used;
private BigDecimal residue;
}
//还有一个CommonResult复制2001即可
dao
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:51
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className AccountDao.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Mapper
public interface AccountDao {
void decrease(@Param("userId") Long userId, @Param("money") BigDecimal money);
}
mapper
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.phz.dao.AccountDao">
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.phz.domain.Account">
<id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
<result column="user_id" property="userId" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
<result column="total" property="total" jdbcType="DECIMAL"/>
<result column="used" property="used" jdbcType="DECIMAL"/>
<result column="residue" property="residue" jdbcType="DECIMAL"/>
</resultMap>
<update id="decrease">
update t_account
set used = used + #{money}, residue = residue - #{money}
where user_id = #{userId};
</update>
</mapper>
service
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:53
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className AccountService.java
* @description TODO
*/
public interface AccountService {
void decrease(Long userId, BigDecimal money);
}
impl
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:54
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className AccountServiceImpl.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Service
@Slf4j
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
@Resource
private AccountDao accountDao;
@Override
public void decrease(Long userId, BigDecimal money) {
log.info("---> AccountService中扣减账户余额");
accountDao.decrease(userId, money);
log.info("---> AccountService中扣减账户余额完成");
}
}
controller
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:55
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className AccountController.java
* @description TODO
*/
@RestController
public class AccountController {
@Resource
private AccountService accountService;
@RequestMapping("/account/decrease")
public CommonResult decrease(@RequestParam("userId") Long userId, @RequestParam("money") BigDecimal money){
accountService.decrease(userId, money);
return new CommonResult(200, "扣减库存成功!");
}
}
config
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:46
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className MybatisConfig.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Configuration
@MapperScan({"com.phz.dao"})
public class MybatisConfig {
}
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:47
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className DataSourceProxyConfig.java
* @description TODO
*/
@Configuration
public class DataSourceProxyConfig {
@Value("${mybatis.mapperLocations}")
private String mapperLocations;
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public DataSource druidDataSource() {
return new DruidDataSource();
}
@Bean
public DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy(DataSource druidDataSource) {
return new DataSourceProxy(druidDataSource);
}
@Bean
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy) throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
bean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy);
ResourcePatternResolver resolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
bean.setMapperLocations(resolver.getResources(mapperLocations));
return bean.getObject();
}
}
Ⅶ、主启动
/**
* @author PengHuAnZhi
* @createTime 2021/2/25 17:56
* @projectName SpringCloudDemo
* @className SeataAccountMain2003.java
* @description TODO
*/
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class SeataAccountMain2003 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SeataAccountMain2003.class,args);
}
}
⑥、测试
Ⅰ、一般情况
发送下单请求（我直接发了十条全买完了。。）
http://localhost:2001/order/create?userId=1&productId=1&count=10&money=100
查看数据库是否正常
Ⅱ、意外情况
如果支付服务突然失败怎么办？在支付服务
Controller中添加一个超时语句
//模拟超时异常，暂停20秒
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(20);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
前面手贱点了十次直接卖完了，所以这次做个弊，直接手动在数据库中修改库存，再加一百个，然后用户余额再加
1000
浏览器执行访问（我又点了两下），报错肯定报错，图都不用截了，肯定超时了，重点在观察数据库
http://localhost:2001/order/create?userId=1&productId=1&count=10&money=100
Ⅲ、解决办法
我们只需要使用一个
@GlobalTransactional注解在业务方法上，也就是2001的Controller中
/**
* 创建订单
*
* @param order
* @return
*/
//name随便命名，只要不重复即可
//rollbackFor = Exception.class表示出现所有异常都回滚
//rollbackFor表示哪些需要回滚
//noRollbackFor表示哪些不需要回滚
@GlobalTransactional(name = "fsp-create-order", rollbackFor = Exception.class)
@GetMapping("/order/create")
public CommonResult create(Order order) {
orderService.create(order);
return new CommonResult(200, "订单创建成功");
}
重启测试一下
证明配置生效了
3、原理简述
①、是什么
观察官方文档在介绍
Seata的时候，提到了若干的事务模式，而我们个人用户默认只用到了AT模式，其他模式好像是收费，这里介绍AT模式
整体机制
两阶段提交协议的演变：
一阶段：业务数据和回滚日志记录在同一个本地事务中提交，释放本地锁和连接资源。
二阶段：
提交异步化，非常快速地完成。
回滚通过一阶段的回滚日志进行反向补偿。
②、一阶段加载
在一阶段，
Seata会拦截“业务SQL” :
解析
SQL语义，找到“业务SQL”要更新的业务数据，在业务数据被更新前，将其保存成“before images”执行“业务
SQL”更新业务数据，在业务数据更新之后，其保存成“
after image”，最后生成行锁。
以上操作全部在一个数据库事务内完成，这样保证了—阶段操作的原子性。
③、二阶段提交
二阶段如是顺利提交的话，
因为“业务
SQL”在一阶段已经提交至数据库，所以Seata框架只需将一阶段保存的快照数据和行锁删掉，完成数据清理即可。
④、二阶段回滚
二阶段回滚：
二阶段如果是回滚的话，
Seata就需要回滚一阶段已经执行的“业务SQL”，还原业务数据。回滚方式便是用“
before image”还原业务数据;但在还原前要首先要校验脏写，对比“数据库当前业务数据”和“after image'如果两份数据完全一致就说明没有脏写，可以还原业务数据，如果不一致就说明有脏写，出现脏写就需要转人工处理。
版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「两米以下皆凡人」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43509535/article/details/114106330
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