2021-05-14
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WebService简介 CXF框架及其两种编程方式 JAVA
本文是我第一次接触webservice的学习成果,着重学习了CXF框架,以及JAXWS和JARWS两种模式整合了Spring和Springboot的运用方式,总结了框架的逻辑流程和易错点
本文项目内容及源码内容基于https://edu.51cto.com/course/13645.html这门课程
简介
WebService 是一种低耦合的应用程序
基于客户端和服务端的远程调用技术
应用场景
用于异构系统的整合(使用不同编程语言的系统)
Apache CXF
CXF = Celtix + XFire
CXF实质是一种框架,支持2种编程方式:JAXWS 和 JAXRS
JAXWS — Java Api for XML WebService
JAXRS — Java Api for RESTful WebService
JAXWS底层原理:
远程调用的本质是信息的传递而不是内存调用
JAXRS:
RESTful: 软件架构设计风格,不是标准(非强制性);用于客户端与服务端交互
RESTful风格特点: 请求地址为同一个,但用不同的请求方法则效果不同(尽可能用不同的请求方式来请求)
JAXWS 和 JAXRS 区别:
- RS基于RESTful风格,WS基于soap的xml协议
- 传输数据:ws比rs效率低,rs不需要传递正文
- Ws只能向服务端传递xml,rs可传多种格式(e.g. xml/json)
JAXWS开发:
SpringBoot整合CXF-JAXWS 服务端
- 创建一个maven程序,导入pom
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>08.cxf-ws-springboot-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-spring-boot-starter-jaxws</artifactId>
<version>3.1.11</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
</project>
- Service接口
/**
* @author Siyu Tu
* @WebService 把该类标注为WebService接口,可能被远程调用
* 该注解须在jdk 1.6以上
*/
@WebService
public interface UserService {
public void saveUser(User user);
public void updateUser(User user);
public void deleteUser(Integer id);
public List<User> findAllUser();
public User findById(Integer id);
}
- Service实现类
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Override
public void saveUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("保存用户: "+user);
}
@Override
public void updateUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("修改用户: "+user);
}
- Config文件
@Configuration
public class JaxWsConfig {
@Autowired
private Bus bus; //发布中间件
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Bean
public Endpoint createEndpoint() {
Endpoint endpoint = new EndpointImpl(bus,userService);
endpoint.publish("/userService"); //发布地址
return endpoint;
}
}
- Springboot启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class CXFSpringApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
SpringApplication.run(CXFSpringApplication.class, args);
}
}
SpringBoot整合CXF-JAXWS 客户端
- 创建一个Maven项目,导入pom
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com</groupId>
<artifactId>09.cxf-ws-springboot-client</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- cxf对jaws的支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 内置jetty web服务器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http-jetty</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 依赖日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.6.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
- 接口(和服务端一样)
- 调用服务端接口
public class ClientDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 1.创建工厂对象
JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
// 2.设置参数
// 2.1 设置访问路径
factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/services/userService");
// 2.2设置接口
factory.setServiceClass(UserService.class);
UserService userService = (UserService) factory.create();
Client client =ClientProxy.getClient(userService);
//输入拦截器
client.getInInterceptors().add(new LoggingInInterceptor());
// 添加响应消息拦截器
client.getOutInterceptors().add(new LoggingOutInterceptor());
// 发布服务相当于JDK的 EndPoint.publish()
// 调用服务端接口的方法
List<User> users = userService.findAllUser();
for(User u:users) System.out.println(u);
}
}
Spring整合cxf-ws 服务端
- 创建一个maven项目,导入pom
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>03.cfx-ws-spring-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<!-- cxf对jaws的支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- Tomcat插件 -->
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<port>8080</port>
<server>tomcat7</server>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- 接口
@WebService
public interface UserService {
public List<User> create();
public void saveUser(User user);
public void updateUser(User user);
public void deleteUser(Integer id);
public List<User> findAllUser();
public User findById(Integer id);
}
- 接口实现
- 配置web.xml
目的:配置cxf框架servlet;指导访问applicationContext文件发布接口
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<display-name>03.cfx-ws-spring-server</display-name>
<!-- 监听器启动Spring配置 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
<!-- 修改访问路径 -->
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 启动CXF -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 在项目加载的时候创建 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
- 配置applicationContext.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws
http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">
<!-- 发布接口 -->
<jaxws:server address="/userService" serviceClass="service.UserService">
<jaxws:serviceBean>
<bean class="impl.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
</jaxws:serviceBean>
<jaxws:inInterceptors>
<bean class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingInInterceptor"/>
</jaxws:inInterceptors>
<jaxws:outInterceptors>
<bean class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingOutInterceptor"/>
</jaxws:outInterceptors>
</jaxws:server>
</beans>
Spring整合cxf-ws 客户端
- 创建一个maven文件,导入 pom
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>03.cfx-ws-spring-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<!-- cxf对jaws的支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId2021-05-14要保持团队作战的模式
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2021-05-14 WebService简介 CXF框架及其两种编程方式 JAVA