Centos 8二进制安装Mysql-8.0.23

Posted 2021-05-18 y_zilong

1.mysql tar包的下载

#下载官网：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

 

 

 

 

2、解压

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# tar xf mysql-8.0.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz 
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# mkdir /app
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# mv mysql-8.0.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /app/mysql
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# cd /app/
[root@cent8_yzil app]# ls
mysql
[root@cent8_yzil app]# 

3、配置环境变量

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/app/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 

注意：必须以.sh结尾

4、配置数据目录及权限

#创建数据目录
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
#创建mysql启动用户
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
#更改目录用户
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /app/mysql

5、初始化

#初始化数据，及管理员的临时密码

#如果有配置文件，根据配置文件，将相关文件初始化到对应位置

#如果没有配置文件，可在命令后面跟上相关选项：--basedir，--datadir，--pid-file,--log-error等，否则按编译时的默认规则来

#默认basedir=/usr/local/mysql，datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

#-initialize-insecure，不生成密码

#如果是centos7这里我们将mariadb库自带的/etc/my.cnf删除在初始化

注意：

mysql5.7开始，增加了新的安全机制，不允许无密码登陆。

#初始化完成后，会生成一个临时密码，记录下来

#初始化过程，数据目录不能有数据，如果有，清空

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/app/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
2021-05-10T11:46:48.897155Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /app/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.23) initializing of server in progress as process 49478
2021-05-10T11:46:48.921435Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2021-05-10T11:46:49.740473Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2021-05-10T11:46:51.567124Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: =Mj.a-E9U5Vo
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# 

#注意：：后面密码要记下来

6、重新初始化

注意：重新初始化，数据目录必须为空

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# rm -rf /data/mysql/*
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/app/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
2021-05-10T11:59:23.009242Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /app/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.23) initializing of server in progress as process 49778
2021-05-10T11:59:23.021150Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2021-05-10T11:59:23.522328Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2021-05-10T11:59:24.536485Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: XfPbbIwBw3>A
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# 

7、定义配置文件

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

#服务端配置
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/app/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
server_id=1
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysql.log
character-set-server=utf8mb4


#客户端配置
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
prompt="\\\\r:\\\\m:\\\\s(\\\\u@\\\\h) [\\\\d]>\\\\_" #自定义提示符
default-character-set=utf8mb4


[root@cent8_yzil ~]# 

#创建日志目录，并修改权限

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# mkdir /var/log/mysql
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# chown mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql

8、启动

#mysql自带一个启动脚本

/app/mysql/support-files/mysql.server

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# ls /app/mysql/support-files/mysql.server 
/app/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# cd /app/mysql/support-files/
[root@cent8_yzil support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/var/log/mysql/mysql.log'.
. SUCCESS! 
[root@cent8_yzil support-files]# 

#查看mysqld的进程

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# ps -elf |grep mysqld
4 S root       49979       1  0  80   0 -  3241 -      08:07 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh /app/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/cent8_yzil.example.com.pid
4 S mysql      50164   49979  0  80   0 - 563411 x64_sy 08:07 pts/1   00:00:01 /app/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/app/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/app/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysql.log --pid-file=/data/mysql/cent8_yzil.example.com.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
0 S root       50266   43508  0  80   0 -  3028 -      08:10 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# 

9、登录

#使用初始化时候的密码进行登录

#默认密码登陆，不允许作任何操作，需要先改密码

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# mysql -uroot -p'XfPbbIwBw3>A'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.23

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.

hello [(none)]>alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'redhat';   
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

hello [(none)]>exit
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# 

#查看以下账号密码信息

hello [(none)]>select user,host,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| user             | host      | authentication_string                                                  |
+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| mysql.session    | localhost | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| mysql.sys        | localhost | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| root             | localhost | $A$005$_7bG1]/g>jp`KNQ;nDPAYE0cetaZOgH/KtZUHsroWH15J8j9CUEKiypaTM2 |
+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

hello [(none)]>

10、开机启动

#杀死所有mysqld进程

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# killall mysqld

#编写systemd配置文件

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# vi /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service 
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# cat /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service 
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/app/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# 

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-05-11 21:02:31 EDT; 4min 19s ago
 Main PID: 3387 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 38 (limit: 11251)
   Memory: 348.3M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─3387 /app/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

May 11 21:02:31 cent8_yzil.example.com systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@cent8_yzil ~]#