xtrabackup安装进行全量备份增量备份

Posted 2021-05-12 卑微小胡

文章目录

• xtrabackup安装
• • xtrabackup
  • 常用命令
• 全量备份
• • 模拟删库
  • 做软连接
  • 恢复数据
• 增量备份
• • 停掉服务删除目录进行数据一致性
  • 恢复数据库

xtrabackup安装

xtrabackup

• 概述：是一款开源免费的热备工具，xtrabackup分为xtrabackup和innobackup

常用命令

innobackupex

--user                   # 以什么用户身份进行操作
--password               # 数据库用户的密码
--port                   # 数据库的端口号，默认3306
--stream                 # 打包（数据流）
--defaults-file          # 指定默认配置文件，默认读取/etc/my.cnf
--no-timestamp           # 不创建时间戳文件，而改用目的地址（可以自动创建）
--copy-back              # 备份还原的主要选项
--incremental            # 使用增量备份，默认使用的完整备份
--incremental-basedir    # 与--incremental选项联合使用，该参数指定上一级备份的地址来做增量备份

下载xtrabackup包

[root@localhost ~]#  wgethttps://downloads.percona.com/downloads/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4.22/binary/redhat/8/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.22-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg              pass
libev-4.04-2.el6.x86_64.rpm  percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.22-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

安装xtrabackup

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh libev-4.04-2.el6.x86_64.rpm 	//安装依赖
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.22-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 

全量备份

mysql> select * from hyh.student;		//创建一个数据库和表并添加数据
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name          | age  |
+----+---------------+------+
|  1 | tom           |   20 |
|  2 | jerry         |   23 |
|  3 | wangqing      |   25 |
|  4 | sean          |   28 |
|  5 | zhangshan     |   26 |
|  7 | lisi          |   50 |
|  8 | chenshuo      |   10 |
|  9 | wangwu        |  100 |
| 10 | qiuyi         |   15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian |   20 |
+----+---------------+------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --user root --password hyh123! /backup		//全量备份
xtrabackup: recognized server arguments: 
xtrabackup: recognized client arguments: 
210510 10:24:20 innobackupex: Starting the backup operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.
           At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex
           prints "completed OK!".

模拟删库

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld stop		//停止服务
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /opt/data/*		//删库

做软连接

[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp/
[root@localhost tmp]# mkdir mysql.sock
[root@localhost tmp]# cd /var/lib/
[root@localhost lib]# mkdir mysql
[root@localhost lib]# ln -sf /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@localhost lib]# ll /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/
/tmp/mysql.sock:
total 0

/var/lib/mysql/:
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 May 10 10:34 mysql.sock -> /tmp/mysql.sock

恢复数据

[root@cloud1 ~]# innobackupex  -uroot -phyh123! --copy-back /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/	//用innobackup进行恢复
[root@cloud1 opt]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/		//给数据库权限
[root@cloud1 ~]# service mysqld start		//启动服务
mysql> select * from hyh.student;
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name          | age  |
+----+---------------+------+
|  1 | tom           |   20 |
|  2 | jerry         |   23 |
|  3 | wangqing      |   25 |
|  4 | sean          |   28 |
|  5 | zhangshan     |   26 |
|  7 | lisi          |   50 |
|  8 | chenshuo      |   10 |
|  9 | wangwu        |  100 |
| 10 | qiuyi         |   15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian |   20 |
+----+---------------+------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

增量备份

mysql> insert student (name) value('xiaoming'); 		//添加数据
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select *from student;
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name          | age  |
+----+---------------+------+
|  1 | tom           |   20 |
|  2 | jerry         |   23 |
|  3 | wangqing      |   25 |
|  4 | sean          |   28 |
|  5 | zhangshan     |   26 |
|  7 | lisi          |   50 |
|  8 | chenshuo      |   10 |
|  9 | wangwu        |  100 |
| 10 | qiuyi         |   15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian |   20 |
| 12 | xiaoming      | NULL |
+----+---------------+------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --incremental /backup/ --incremental-basedir /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/		//基于上次的全量进行增量备份

停掉服务删除目录进行数据一致性

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port Process 
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*            
LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:*            
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /opt/data/*

恢复数据库

[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --apply-log --redo-only /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/ --incremental-dir /backup/2021-05-10_11-37-05/	//操作全量备份进行回滚
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /backup/complete/2021-05-10_10-24-20 --incremental-dir=/backup/inc1/2021-05-10_11-37-05/	//操作第一次增量备份将第一次增量备份应用到完全备份
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --copy-back /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/		//恢复第一次全量备份
[root@cloud1 opt]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/		//给数据库权限
[root@cloud1 ~]# service mysqld start		//启动服务
mysql> select *from hyh.student;
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name          | age  |
+----+---------------+------+
|  1 | tom           |   20 |
|  2 | jerry         |   23 |
|  3 | wangqing      |   25 |
|  4 | sean          |   28 |
|  5 | zhangshan     |   26 |
|  7 | lisi          |   50 |
|  8 | chenshuo      |   10 |
|  9 | wangwu        |  100 |
| 10 | qiuyi         |   15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian |   20 |
| 12 | xiaoming      | NULL |
+----+---------------+------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

再次添加数据

mysql> insert student (name,age) values('qw',12),('wu',20);
mysql> select * from student;
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name          | age  |
+----+---------------+------+
|  1 | tom           |   20 |
|  2 | jerry         |   23 |
|  3 | wangqing      |   25 |
|  4 | sean          |   28 |
|  5 | zhangshan     |   26 |
|  7 | lisi          |   50 |
|  8 | chenshuo      |   10 |
|  9 | wangwu        |  100 |
| 10 | qiuyi         |   15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian |   20 |
| 12 | xiaoming      | NULL |
| 13 | qw            |   12 |
| 14 | xiaoming      |   20 |
+----+---------------+------+
13 rows in set (0.00 sec)

基于上一次增备进行增备

[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phzy123 --incremental /backup/ --incremental-basedir /backup/2021-05-10_11-37-05/

停掉服务删除目录进行数据一致性

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port Process 
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*            
LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:*            
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /opt/data/*

恢复数据库

[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --apply-log --redo-only /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/ --incremental-dir /backup/2021-05-10_11-37-05/	//操作全量备份进行回滚
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /backup/complete/2021-05-10_10-24-20 --incremental-dir=/backup/inc1/2021-05-10_11-37-05/	//操作第一次增量备份将第一次增量备
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --apply-log /backup/complete/2021-05-10_10-24-20 --incremental-dir=/backup/2021-05-10_15-26-53/	//操作第二次增量备份将第二次增量备份应用到完全备份：
 [root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --copy-back /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/	//恢复全备
 [root@cloud1 opt]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/		//给数据库权限
[root@cloud1 ~]# service mysqld start		//启动服务
 mysql> select * from hyh.student;
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name          | age  |
+----+---------------+------+
|  1 | tom           |   20 |
|  2 | jerry         |   23 |
|  3 | wangqing      |   25 |
|  4 | sean          |   28 |
|  5 | zhangshan     |   26 |
|  7 | lisi          |   50 |
|  8 | chenshuo      |   10 |
|  9 | wangwu        |  100 |
| 10 | qiuyi         |   15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian |   20 |
| 12 | xiaoming      | NULL |
| 13 | qw            |   12 |
| 14 | xiaoming      |   20 |
+----+---------------+------+
13 rows in set (0.00 sec)