CentOS 7 部署RabbitMQ 服务

Posted 2021-04-24 Linux就该这么学

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导读	MQ全称为Message Queue, 消息队列（MQ）是一种应用程序对应用程序的通信方法。应用程序通过读写出入队列的消息（针对应用程序的数据）来通信，而无需专用连接来链接它们。消息传递指的是程序之间通过在消息中发送数据进行通信，而不是通过直接调用彼此来通信，直接调用通常是用于诸如远程过程调用的技术。排队指的是应用程序通过 队列来通信。队列的使用除去了接收和发送应用程序同时执行的要求。其中较为成熟的MQ产品有IBM WEBSPHERE MQ等等。

RabbitMQ 简介

• 安装RabbitMQ的消息代理软件,实现了AMQP(高级消息队列协议)

• RabbitMQ 教程： http://www.rabbitmq.com/getstarted.html

• RabbitMQ 安装：http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html

• RabbitMQ 专栏：http://blog.csdn.net/column/details/rabbitmq.html

RabbitMQ 安装

# Install from EPEL
[root@vdevops~]# yum --enablerepo=epel -y install rabbitmq-server
[root@vdevops~]# systemctl start rabbitmq-server
[root@vdevops /]# journalctl -xe
Nov 12 01:30:01 vdevops.org CROND[3856]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1)
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: DIAGNOSTICS
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: ===========
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: attempted to contact: [rabbit@vdevops]
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: rabbit@vdevops:
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: * unable to connect to epmd (port 4369) on vdevops: timeout (timed out)
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: current node details:
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: - node name: rabbitmqctl3831@vdevops
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: - home dir: /var/lib/rabbitmq
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: - cookie hash: s++dDMtIhAufFItw+ercBw==
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org polkitd[1007]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:3798:36632 (system bus name :1.23, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale en_US.UTF-8) (disconnected f
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org systemd[1]: rabbitmq-server.service: control process exited, code=exited status=2
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org systemd[1]: Failed to start RabbitMQ broker.
-- Subject: Unit rabbitmq-server.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- 
-- Unit rabbitmq-server.service has failed.
-- 
-- The result is failed.
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org systemd[1]: Unit rabbitmq-server.service entered failed state.
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org systemd[1]: rabbitmq-server.service failed.
Nov 12 01:30:42 vdevops.org systemd[1]: Got automount request for /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc, triggered by 3860 (find)
Nov 12 01:30:42 vdevops.org systemd[1]: Mounting Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System...
-- Subject: Unit proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount has begun start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- 
-- Unit proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount has begun starting up.
Nov 12 01:30:42 vdevops.org systemd[1]: Mounted Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System.
-- Subject: Unit proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- 
-- Unit proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount has finished starting up.
-- 
-- The start-up result is done.

rabbitmq-server启动报错：Failed to start RabbitMQ broker

度娘解析：主机hostname配置错误，原本hostname为vdevops.org,更改为vdevops，修改hosts文件中hostname设置

[root@vdevops /]# hostnamectl set-hostname vdevops  # hostname更改重启启动rabbitmq-server
[root@vdevops /]# systemctl status rabbitmq-server
● rabbitmq-server.service - RabbitMQ broker
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2016-11-12 01:32:41 CST; 3min 58s ago
  Process: 3831 ExecStop=/usr/lib/rabbitmq/bin/rabbitmqctl stop (code=exited, status=2)
 Main PID: 3891 (beam)
   CGroup: /system.slice/rabbitmq-server.service
           ├─3891 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-5.10.4/bin/beam -W w -K true -A30 -P 1048576 -- -root /usr/lib64/erlang -progname erl -- -home /var/lib/rabbitmq -- -pa /usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq_server-3.3.5/sbin/../ebin -nos...
           ├─3908 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-5.10.4/bin/epmd -daemon
           ├─3963 inet_gethost 4
           └─3964 inet_gethost 4

Nov 12 01:32:39 vdevops systemd[1]: Starting RabbitMQ broker...
Nov 12 01:32:39 vdevops systemd[1]: rabbitmq-server.service: Got notification message from PID 3908, but reception only permitted for main PID 3891
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: RabbitMQ 3.3.5. Copyright (C) 2007-2014 GoPivotal, Inc.
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: ##  ##      Licensed under the MPL.  See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: ##  ##
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: ##########  Logs: /var/log/rabbitmq/[e-mail]
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: ######  ##        /var/log/rabbitmq/[e-mail]
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: ##########
Nov 12 01:32:41 vdevops systemd[1]: Started RabbitMQ broker.
Nov 12 01:32:41 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: Starting broker... completed with 0 plugins.
[root@vdevops~]# systemctl enable rabbitmq-server
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rabbitmq-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service.

防火墙设置

[root@linuxprobe~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=5672/tcp --permanent
success
[root@linuxprobe~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success 

要使用RabbitMQ，请先添加用户

[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl add_user linuxprobe password
Creating user "linuxprobe" ...
...done.
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl list_users
Listing users ...
guest   [administrator]
linuxprobe  []
...done.
# granting admin role to a user is like follows
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl change_password linuxprobe strongpassword
Changing password for user "linuxprobe" ...
...done.
# granting admin role to a user is like follows
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl set_user_tags linuxprobe administrator
Setting tags for user "linuxprobe" to [administrator] ...
...done.
# deleting a user is like follows
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl delete_user linuxprobe 
Deleting user "linuxprobe " ...
...done.

要使用RabbitMQ，也要添加虚拟主机

[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl add_vhost /my_vhost
Creating vhost "/my_vhost" ...
...done.
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl list_vhosts 
Listing vhosts ...
/
/my_vhost
...done.
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl delete_vhost /my_vhost
Deleting vhost "/my_vhost" ...
...done.

给虚拟主机的用户授予权限，请如下配置

# rabbitmqctl set_permissions [-p vhost] [user] [permission ? (modify) (write) (read)]
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p /my_vhost linuxprobe ".*" ".*" ".*"
Setting permissions for user "linuxprobe" in vhost "/my_vhost" ...
...done.
# 
[root@vdevops ~]#  rabbitmqctl list_user_permissions linuxprobe
Listing permissions for user "linuxprobe" ...
/my_vhost   .*  .*  .*
...done.
# deleting permission of a specific user is like follows
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl clear_permissions -p /my_vhost linuxprobe
Clearing permissions for user "linuxprobe" in vhost "/my_vhost" ...
...done.

RabbitMQ：使用Web UI

[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
The following plugins have been enabled:
  mochiweb
  webmachine
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch
  amqp_client
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_management
Plugin configuration has changed. Restart RabbitMQ for changes to take effect.
[root@vdevops ~]# systemctl restart rabbitmq-server

客户端访问

rabbitmqadmin使用

可以配置RabbitMQ使用rabbitmqadmin命

将rabbitmqadmin上传到RabbitMQ服务器并设置合适的权限，此示例显示如下设置

[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/bin/rabbitmqadmin 
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 36112 Nov 11 17:23 /usr/local/bin/rabbitmqadmin
[root@vdevops bin]# rabbitmqadmin list users+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
|    name    |        password_hash         |     tags      |
+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
| guest      | k2rhpzCrZBKkY5WRhUWrGm5DCkg= | administrator |
| linuxprobe | P+YxK1QXIYrJpek5i//rPjn5SME= | administrator |
+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
[root@vdevops bin]# cd
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin list users+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
|    name    |        password_hash         |     tags      |
+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
| guest      | k2rhpzCrZBKkY5WRhUWrGm5DCkg= | administrator |
| linuxprobe | P+YxK1QXIYrJpek5i//rPjn5SME= | administrator |
+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin list vhosts+-----------+---------+
|   name    | tracing |
+-----------+---------+
| /         | False   |
| /my_vhost | False   |
+-----------+---------+

rabbitmqadmin 更多使用教程参考：

[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin declare user name=centos password=password tags=administrator 
user declared
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin declare permission vhost=/vhost01 user=centos configure=".*" write=".*" read=".*" 
*** vhost_or_user_not_found
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin declare vhost name=/vhost01 
vhost declared
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin declare permission vhost=/vhost01 user=centos configure=".*" write=".*" read=".*" 
permission declared
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin -V /vhost01 -u centos -p password declare queue name=my_queue01 
queue declared
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin -V /vhost01 -u centos -p password publish routing_key=my_queue01 payload='Hello RabbitMQ World!' exchange=amq.default 
Message published
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin -V /vhost01 -u centos -p password get queue=my_queue01 requeue=false
+-------------+----------+---------------+-----------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+
<>| routing_key | exchange | message_count |        payload        | payload_bytes | payload_encoding | properties | redelivered |
+-------------+----------+---------------+-----------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+
| my_queue01  |          | 0             | Hello RabbitMQ World! | 21            | string           |            | False       |
+-------------+----------+---------------+-----------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin -V /vhost01 -u centos -p password publish routing_key=my_queue01 payload='Hello LinuxProbe!' exchange=amq.default 
Message published
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin -V /vhost01 -u centos -p password get queue=my_queue01 requeue=false
+-------------+----------+---------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+
| routing_key | exchange | message_count |      payload      | payload_bytes | payload_encoding | properties | redelivered |
+-------------+----------+---------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+
| my_queue01  |          | 0             | Hello LinuxProbe! | 17            | string           |            | False       |
+-------------+----------+---------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+

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