【Linux】Linux argument list too long错误解决方法

Posted 2023-03-21

参考技术A 在某个文件夹执行命令完全卡死，（ctrl+z,ctrl+c等都不能用），表现为：

只好关闭当前shell，重新登录。

产生原因：
该文件夹中有一个服务挂载在该文件夹某一目录下，因突然关机等异常情况导致该服务无限制等待，机器重启后也不能正常连接。

解决方法：
查看与该文件夹相应的服务挂载情况：mount -l | grep 有问题文件夹名，如mount -l | grep "/root/bakup"

umount -l 文件夹，此刻，再访问文件夹即可使用命令了！

作为一个linux用户/系统管理员, 有些时候你会遇到以下错误提示:

bash: /bin/ls: Argument list too long
bash: /bin/rm: Argument list too long

产生原因：
“Argument list too long”参数列表过长错误经常发生在用户在一行简单命令中提供了过多的参数而导致,经常在ls *, cp *, rm * 等中出现，一般是因为受到 shell 参数个数限制所致

解决方法：

方法1 : 将文件群手动划分为比较小的组合

这是最基本的方法，只是简单的使参数数量符合要求，这种方法应用范围有限，只适用于文件列表中的名字分布比较均匀，另外这也是个初级用户可以考虑的解决方案，不过需要很多重复命令和对文件名分布的观察与猜测。

方法2 : 使用find命令

通过find命令，将文件清单输出到rm命令，使其一次处理一个，这样就完全避免了过量参数的存在，另外通过不同的参数，可以指定除了名称以外的时间戳，权限，以及inode等匹配模式。

方法3： 使用xargs命令

用xargs 命令将文件以每 100 个为一组为单位处理

xargs 命令会将文件以每 100 个为一组做 rm 处理。

方法4： 使用 ls 结合 awk 操作

可以使用 awk 一次删除一个的方式进行删除，但必须先进入该目录下。

Linux 命令 argument list too long 错误解决
https://blog.51cto.com/u_14782715/5082973
https://blog.csdn.net/fdipzone/article/details/41558461

Linux删除文件出现/bin/rm: Argument list too long解决方法
https://southcat.net/1481.html

Linux下经过 rm -f 删除大量文件时报错：Argument list too long
http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-pucmuhoh-v.html

Linux文件系统十问
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/pOKjwl3ONPMPSRF6RSmvaw

新建一个空文件占用多少磁盘空间？
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/9YeUEnRnegplftpKlW4ZCA

文件过多时ls命令为什么会卡住？
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/g-fFoYsBJkonV3ezdGDJKA

fdisk添加分区引起的Linux Error: 22: Invalid argument

[[email protected] ~]# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 584.6 GB, 584646328320 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 71079 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1       19441   156151808   83  Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2           19441       44937   204796672   83  Linux

Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda3           44937       57685   102398336   83  Linux

Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda4           57685       71080   107595584    5  Extended

Partition 4 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda5           57685       70433   102398336   83  Linux

/dev/sda6           70433       70949     4144768   82  Linux swap

/dev/sda7           70949       71080     1052288   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 146.1 GB, 146156158976 bytes

2 heads, 24 sectors/track, 5947109 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 48 * 512 = 24576 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               3     5947064   142729472   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdc1               1       13054   104856223+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdd: 85.8 GB, 85899345920 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdd doesn‘t contain a valid partition table

[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won‘t be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 10443.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): m

Command action

   a   toggle a bootable flag

   b   edit bsd disklabel

   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

   d   delete a partition

   l   list known partition types

   m   print this menu

   n   add a new partition

   o   create a new empty DOS partition table

   p   print the partition table

   q   quit without saving changes

   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel

   t   change a partition‘s system id

   u   change display/entry units

   v   verify the partition table

   w   write table to disk and exit

   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdd: 85.8 GB, 85899345920 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-10443, default 1): 

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-10443, default 10443): 

Using default value 10443

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdd1

mke2fs 1.35 (28-Feb-2004)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

10485760 inodes, 20970841 blocks

1048542 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=20971520

640 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

16384 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks: 

        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 

        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000

Writing inode tables: done                            

Creating journal (8192 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[[email protected] ~]# more /etc/fstab

# This file is edited by fstab-sync - see ‘man fstab-sync‘ for details

LABEL=/1                /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

none                    /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

none                    /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

none                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

none                    /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

LABEL=/tmp              /tmp                    ext3    defaults        1 2

LABEL=/u01              /u01                    ext3    defaults        1 2

LABEL=/u02              /u02                    ext3    defaults        1 2

LABEL=/u03              /u03                    ext3    defaults        1 2

LABEL=SWAP-sda6         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

/dev/sdb1               /u03/flash_recovery_area        ext3    defaults        1 2

/dev/sdc1               /u04                            ext3    defaults        1 2

192.168.4.21:/volume1/NFSforLinux/7222  /mnt/nfsbak     nfs     defaults        0 0

/dev/hda                /media/cdrecorder       auto    pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed 0 0

/dev/fd0                /media/floppy           auto    pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed 0 0

[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/fstab

# This file is edited by fstab-sync - see ‘man fstab-sync‘ for details

LABEL=/1                /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

none                    /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

none                    /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

none                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

none                    /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

LABEL=/tmp              /tmp                    ext3    defaults        1 2

LABEL=/u01              /u01                    ext3    defaults        1 2

LABEL=/u02              /u02                    ext3    defaults        1 2

LABEL=/u03              /u03                    ext3    defaults        1 2

LABEL=SWAP-sda6         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

/dev/sdb1               /u03/flash_recovery_area        ext3    defaults        1 2

/dev/sdc1               /u04                            ext3    defaults        1 2

/dev/sdd1               /u05                            ext3    defaults        1 2

192.168.7.63:/volume1/NFSforLinux/7222  /mnt/nfsbak     nfs     defaults        0 0

/dev/hda                /media/cdrecorder       auto    pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed 0 0

/dev/fd0                /media/floppy           auto    pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed 0 0

"/etc/fstab" 17L, 1285C written

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /u05

[[email protected] ~]# mount -a

[[email protected] ~]# df -h

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda1             147G   90G   51G  65% /

/dev/sda7            1012M   34M  927M   4% /tmp

/dev/sda5              97G   78G   14G  86% /u01

/dev/sda3              97G   77G   15G  85% /u02

/dev/sda2             193G  165G   18G  91% /u03

/dev/sdb1             134G   95G   33G  75% /u03/flash_recovery_area

/dev/sdc1              99G   66G   28G  71% /u04

192.168.7.63:/volume1/NFSforLinux/7222

                      2.7T  1.9T  839G  70% /mnt/nfsbak

/dev/sdd1              79G   89M   75G   1% /u05

[[email protected] ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u05

[[email protected] ~]# chmod -R 775 /u05

[[email protected] ~]#