鏁版嵁搴撲紭鍖栫殑鎬濊矾

Posted 2021-05-01 娓摜鐨勭瑪璁?/a> 鏁版

瑕佸涔營T缂栫▼(Java,澶ф暟鎹?web,python...)锛孶I璁捐锛屽氨鑱旂郴鎴戝惂

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鍏嶈垂鍜ㄨ锛屽厤璐硅瘯鍚?/span>

鍓嶈█

鏁版嵁搴撲紭鍖栦竴鏂归潰鏄壘鍑虹郴缁熺殑鐡堕,鎻愰珮mysql鏁版嵁搴撶殑鏁翠綋鎬ц兘,鑰屽彟涓€鏂归潰闇€瑕佸悎鐞嗙殑缁撴瀯璁捐鍜屽弬鏁拌皟鏁?浠ユ彁楂樼敤鎴风殑鐩稿簲閫熷害,鍚屾椂杩樿灏藉彲鑳界殑鑺傜害绯荤粺璧勬簮,浠ヤ究璁╃郴缁熸彁渚涙洿澶х殑璐熻嵎.

1. 浼樺寲涓€瑙堝浘

2. 浼樺寲

绗旇€呭皢浼樺寲鍒嗕负浜嗕袱澶х被,杞紭鍖栧拰纭紭鍖?杞紭鍖栦竴鑸槸鎿嶄綔鏁版嵁搴撳嵆鍙?鑰岀‖浼樺寲鍒欐槸鎿嶄綔鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ‖浠跺強鍙傛暟璁剧疆.

2.1 杞紭鍖?/span>

2.1.1 鏌ヨ璇彞浼樺寲

1.棣栧厛鎴戜滑鍙互鐢‥XPLAIN鎴朌ESCRIBE(绠€鍐?DESC)鍛戒护鍒嗘瀽涓€鏉℃煡璇㈣鍙ョ殑鎵ц淇℃伅.

2.渚?

DESC SELECT * FROM `user`

鏄剧ず:

鍏朵腑浼氭樉绀虹储寮曞拰鏌ヨ鏁版嵁璇诲彇鏁版嵁鏉℃暟绛変俊鎭?

2.1.2 浼樺寲瀛愭煡璇?/span>

鍦∕ySQL涓?灏介噺浣跨敤JOIN鏉ヤ唬鏇垮瓙鏌ヨ.鍥犱负瀛愭煡璇㈤渶瑕佸祵濂楁煡璇?宓屽鏌ヨ鏃朵細寤虹珛涓€寮犱复鏃惰〃,涓存椂琛ㄧ殑寤虹珛鍜屽垹闄ら兘浼氭湁杈冨ぇ鐨勭郴缁熷紑閿€,鑰岃繛鎺ユ煡璇笉浼氬垱寤轰复鏃惰〃,鍥犳鏁堢巼姣斿祵濂楀瓙鏌ヨ楂?

2.1.3 浣跨敤绱㈠紩

绱㈠紩鏄彁楂樻暟鎹簱鏌ヨ閫熷害鏈€閲嶈鐨勬柟娉曚箣涓€,鍏充簬绱㈠紩鍙互鍙傞珮绗旇€?/span>涓€鏂?浠嬬粛姣旇緝璇︾粏,姝ゅ璁板綍浣跨敤绱㈠紩鐨勪笁澶ф敞鎰忎簨椤?

• LIKE鍏抽敭瀛楀尮閰?%'寮€澶寸殑瀛楃涓?涓嶄細浣跨敤绱㈠紩.

• OR鍏抽敭瀛楃殑涓や釜瀛楁蹇呴』閮芥槸鐢ㄤ簡绱㈠紩,璇ユ煡璇㈡墠浼氫娇鐢ㄧ储寮?

• 浣跨敤澶氬垪绱㈠紩蹇呴』婊¤冻鏈€宸﹀尮閰?

2.1.4 鍒嗚В琛?/span>

瀵逛簬瀛楁杈冨鐨勮〃,濡傛灉鏌愪簺瀛楁浣跨敤棰戠巼杈冧綆,姝ゆ椂搴斿綋,灏嗗叾鍒嗙鍑烘潵浠庤€屽舰鎴愭柊鐨勮〃,

2.1.5 涓棿琛?/span>

瀵逛簬灏嗗ぇ閲忚繛鎺ユ煡璇㈢殑琛ㄥ彲浠ュ垱寤轰腑闂磋〃,浠庤€屽噺灏戝湪鏌ヨ鏃堕€犳垚鐨勮繛鎺ヨ€楁椂.

2.1.6 澧炲姞鍐椾綑瀛楁

绫讳技浜庡垱寤轰腑闂磋〃,澧炲姞鍐椾綑涔熸槸涓轰簡鍑忓皯杩炴帴鏌ヨ.

2.1.7 鍒嗘瀽琛?妫€鏌ヨ〃,浼樺寲琛?/span>

鍒嗘瀽琛ㄤ富瑕佹槸鍒嗘瀽琛ㄤ腑鍏抽敭瀛楃殑鍒嗗竷,妫€鏌ヨ〃涓昏鏄鏌ヨ〃涓槸鍚﹀瓨鍦ㄩ敊璇?浼樺寲琛ㄤ富瑕佹槸娑堥櫎鍒犻櫎鎴栨洿鏂伴€犳垚鐨勮〃绌洪棿娴垂.

1. 鍒嗘瀽琛? 浣跨敤 ANALYZE 鍏抽敭瀛?濡侫NALYZE TABLE user;

• Op:琛ㄧず鎵ц鐨勬搷浣?

• Msg_type:淇℃伅绫诲瀷,鏈塻tatus,info,note,warning,error.

• Msg_text:鏄剧ず淇℃伅.

2. 妫€鏌ヨ〃: 浣跨敤 CHECK鍏抽敭瀛?濡侰HECK TABLE user [option]

option 鍙MyISAM鏈夋晥,鍏变簲涓弬鏁板€?

• QUICK:涓嶆壂鎻忚,涓嶆鏌ラ敊璇殑杩炴帴.

• FAST:鍙鏌ユ病鏈夋纭叧闂殑琛?

• CHANGED:鍙鏌ヤ笂娆℃鏌ュ悗琚洿鏀圭殑琛ㄥ拰娌¤姝ｇ‘鍏抽棴鐨勮〃.

• MEDIUM:鎵弿琛?浠ラ獙璇佽鍒犻櫎鐨勮繛鎺ユ槸鏈夋晥鐨?涔熷彲浠ヨ绠楀悇琛屽叧閿瓧鏍￠獙鍜?

• EXTENDED:鏈€鍏ㄩ潰鐨勭殑妫€鏌?瀵规瘡琛屽叧閿瓧鍏ㄩ潰鏌ユ壘.

3. 浼樺寲琛?浣跨敤OPTIMIZE鍏抽敭瀛?濡侽PTIMIZE [LOCAL|NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG] TABLE user;

LOCAL|NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG閮芥槸琛ㄧず涓嶅啓鍏ユ棩蹇?,浼樺寲琛ㄥ彧瀵筕ARCHAR,BLOB鍜孴EXT鏈夋晥,閫氳繃OPTIMIZE TABLE璇彞鍙互娑堥櫎鏂囦欢纰庣墖,鍦ㄦ墽琛岃繃绋嬩腑浼氬姞涓婂彧璇婚攣.

2.2 纭紭鍖?/span>

2.2.1 纭欢涓変欢濂?/span>

1. 閰嶇疆澶氭牳蹇冨拰棰戠巼楂樼殑cpu,澶氭牳蹇冨彲浠ユ墽琛屽涓嚎绋?

2. 閰嶇疆澶у唴瀛?鎻愰珮鍐呭瓨,鍗冲彲鎻愰珮缂撳瓨鍖哄閲?鍥犳鑳藉噺灏戠鐩業/O鏃堕棿,浠庤€屾彁楂樺搷搴旈€熷害.

3. 閰嶇疆楂橀€熺鐩樻垨鍚堢悊鍒嗗竷纾佺洏:楂橀€熺鐩樻彁楂業/O,鍒嗗竷纾佺洏鑳芥彁楂樺苟琛屾搷浣滅殑鑳藉姏.

2.2.2 浼樺寲鏁版嵁搴撳弬鏁?/span>

浼樺寲鏁版嵁搴撳弬鏁板彲浠ユ彁楂樿祫婧愬埄鐢ㄧ巼,浠庤€屾彁楂楳ySQL鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ€ц兘.MySQL鏈嶅姟鐨勯厤缃弬鏁伴兘鍦╩y.cnf鎴杕y.ini,涓嬮潰鍒楀嚭鎬ц兘褰卞搷杈冨ぇ鐨勫嚑涓弬鏁?

• key_buffer_size:绱㈠紩缂撳啿鍖哄ぇ灏?/span>

• table_cache:鑳藉悓鏃舵墦寮€琛ㄧ殑涓暟

• query_cache_size鍜宷uery_cache_type:鍓嶈€呮槸鏌ヨ缂撳啿鍖哄ぇ灏?鍚庤€呮槸鍓嶉潰鍙傛暟鐨勫紑鍏?0琛ㄧず涓嶄娇鐢ㄧ紦鍐插尯,1琛ㄧず浣跨敤缂撳啿鍖?浣嗗彲浠ュ湪鏌ヨ涓娇鐢⊿QL_NO_CACHE琛ㄧず涓嶈浣跨敤缂撳啿鍖?2琛ㄧず鍦ㄦ煡璇腑鏄庣‘鎸囧嚭浣跨敤缂撳啿鍖烘墠鐢ㄧ紦鍐插尯,鍗砈QL_CACHE.

• sort_buffer_size:鎺掑簭缂撳啿鍖?/span>

鏇村鍙傛暟浼犻€侀棬:

https://www.mysql.com/cn/why-mysql/performance/index.html

2.2.3 鍒嗗簱鍒嗚〃

鍥犱负鏁版嵁搴撳帇鍔涜繃澶э紝棣栧厛涓€涓棶棰樺氨鏄珮宄版湡绯荤粺鎬ц兘鍙兘浼氶檷浣庯紝鍥犱负鏁版嵁搴撹礋杞借繃楂樺鎬ц兘浼氭湁褰卞搷銆?/span>鍙﹀涓€涓紝鍘嬪姏杩囧ぇ鎶婁綘鐨勬暟鎹簱缁欐悶鎸備簡鎬庝箞鍔烇紵

鎵€浠ユ鏃朵綘蹇呴』寰楀绯荤粺鍋氬垎搴撳垎琛?+ 璇诲啓鍒嗙锛屼篃灏辨槸鎶婁竴涓簱鎷嗗垎涓哄涓簱锛岄儴缃插湪澶氫釜鏁版嵁搴撴湇鍔′笂锛岃繖鏃朵綔涓轰富搴撴壙杞藉啓鍏ヨ姹傘€?/span>鐒跺悗姣忎釜涓诲簱閮芥寕杞借嚦灏戜竴涓粠搴擄紝鐢变粠搴撴潵鎵胯浇璇昏姹傘€?/span>

2.2.4 缂撳瓨闆嗙兢

濡傛灉鐢ㄦ埛閲忚秺鏉ヨ秺澶э紝姝ゆ椂浣犲彲浠ヤ笉鍋滅殑鍔犳満鍣紝姣斿璇寸郴缁熷眰闈笉鍋滃姞鏈哄櫒锛屽氨鍙互鎵胯浇鏇撮珮鐨勫苟鍙戣姹傘€?/span>鐒跺悗鏁版嵁搴撳眰闈㈠鏋滃啓鍏ュ苟鍙戣秺鏉ヨ秺楂橈紝灏辨墿瀹瑰姞鏁版嵁搴撴湇鍔″櫒锛岄€氳繃鍒嗗簱鍒嗚〃鏄彲浠ユ敮鎸佹墿瀹规満鍣ㄧ殑锛屽鏋滄暟鎹簱灞傞潰鐨勮骞跺彂瓒婃潵瓒婇珮锛屽氨鎵╁鍔犳洿澶氱殑浠庡簱銆?/span>

浣嗘槸杩欓噷鏈変竴涓緢澶х殑闂锛?/span>鏁版嵁搴撳叾瀹炴湰韬笉鏄敤鏉ユ壙杞介珮骞跺彂璇锋眰鐨勶紝鎵€浠ラ€氬父鏉ヨ锛屾暟鎹簱鍗曟満姣忕鎵胯浇鐨勫苟鍙戝氨鍦ㄥ嚑鍗冪殑鏁伴噺绾э紝鑰屼笖鏁版嵁搴撲娇鐢ㄧ殑鏈哄櫒閮芥槸姣旇緝楂橀厤缃紝姣旇緝鏄傝吹鐨勬満鍣紝鎴愭湰寰堥珮銆?/span>濡傛灉浣犲氨鏄畝鍗曠殑涓嶅仠鐨勫姞鏈哄櫒锛屽叾瀹炴槸涓嶅鐨勩€?/span>鎵€浠?span class="mq-196">鍦ㄩ珮骞跺彂鏋舵瀯閲岄€氬父閮芥湁缂撳瓨杩欎釜鐜妭锛岀紦瀛樼郴缁熺殑璁捐灏辨槸涓轰簡鎵胯浇楂樺苟鍙戣€岀敓銆?/span>

鎵€浠ュ崟鏈烘壙杞界殑骞跺彂閲忛兘鍦ㄦ瘡绉掑嚑涓囷紝鐢氳嚦姣忕鏁板崄涓囷紝瀵归珮骞跺彂鐨勬壙杞借兘鍔涙瘮鏁版嵁搴撶郴缁熻楂樺嚭涓€鍒颁袱涓暟閲忕骇銆?/span>鎵€浠ヤ綘瀹屽叏鍙互鏍规嵁绯荤粺鐨勪笟鍔＄壒鎬э紝瀵归偅绉嶅啓灏戣澶氱殑璇锋眰锛屽紩鍏ョ紦瀛橀泦缇ゃ€?/span>

鍏蜂綋鏉ヨ锛屽氨鏄?span class="mq-203">鍦ㄥ啓鏁版嵁搴撶殑鏃跺€欏悓鏃跺啓涓€浠芥暟鎹埌缂撳瓨闆嗙兢閲岋紝鐒跺悗鐢ㄧ紦瀛橀泦缇ゆ潵鎵胯浇澶ч儴鍒嗙殑璇昏姹傘€?/span>杩欐牱鐨勮瘽锛岄€氳繃缂撳瓨闆嗙兢锛屽氨鍙互鐢ㄦ洿灏戠殑鏈哄櫒璧勬簮鎵胯浇鏇撮珮鐨勫苟鍙戙€?/span>

缁撹

涓€涓畬鏁磋€屽鏉傜殑楂樺苟鍙戠郴缁熸灦鏋勪腑锛屼竴瀹氫細鍖呭惈锛?/span>鍚勭澶嶆潅鐨勮嚜鐮斿熀纭€鏋舵瀯绯荤粺銆?/span>鍚勭绮惧鐨勬灦鏋勮璁?鍥犳涓€绡囧皬鏂囬《澶氬叿鏈夋姏鐮栧紩鐜夌殑鏁堟灉,浣嗘槸鏁版嵁搴撲紭鍖栫殑鎬濇兂宸笉澶氬氨杩欎簺浜嗐€?/span>

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