自动化运维之 PSSH

Posted 2021-05-01 51reboot运维开发

01

PSSH 简介

PSSH 提供 OpenSSH 和相关工具的并行版本。包括 pssh，pscp，prsync，pnuke 和 pslurp。该项目包括 psshlib，可以在自定义应用程序中使用。

02

PSSH 使用

2.1

安装 PSSH

前提条件：注意需要安装 python 2.4 或以上版本

wget https://clsn.io/files/pssh/pssh-2.3.1.tar.gztar zxf pssh-2.3.1.tar.gzcd pssh-2.3.1python setup.py install

安装过程

[[e-mail] /opt/pssh-2.3.1] #python setup.py installrunning installrunning buildrunning build_pycreating buildcreating build/libcreating build/lib/psshlibcopying psshlib/task.py -> build/lib/psshlibcopying psshlib/askpass_server.py -> build/lib/psshlibcopying psshlib/__init__.py -> build/lib/psshlibcopying psshlib/cli.py -> build/lib/psshlibcopying psshlib/psshutil.py -> build/lib/psshlibcopying psshlib/manager.py -> build/lib/psshlibcopying psshlib/askpass_client.py -> build/lib/psshlibcopying psshlib/version.py -> build/lib/psshlibcopying psshlib/color.py -> build/lib/psshlibrunning build_scriptscreating build/scripts-2.6copying and adjusting bin/pssh -> build/scripts-2.6copying and adjusting bin/pnuke -> build/scripts-2.6copying and adjusting bin/prsync -> build/scripts-2.6copying and adjusting bin/pslurp -> build/scripts-2.6copying and adjusting bin/pscp -> build/scripts-2.6copying and adjusting bin/pssh-askpass -> build/scripts-2.6changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pssh from 644 to 755changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pnuke from 644 to 755changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/prsync from 644 to 755changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pslurp from 644 to 755changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pscp from 644 to 755changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pssh-askpass from 644 to 755running install_libcreating /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlibcopying build/lib/psshlib/task.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlibcopying build/lib/psshlib/askpass_server.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlibcopying build/lib/psshlib/__init__.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlibcopying build/lib/psshlib/cli.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlibcopying build/lib/psshlib/psshutil.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlibcopying build/lib/psshlib/manager.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlibcopying build/lib/psshlib/askpass_client.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlibcopying build/lib/psshlib/version.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlibcopying build/lib/psshlib/color.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlibbyte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/task.py to task.pycbyte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/askpass_server.py to askpass_server.pycbyte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/__init__.py to __init__.pycbyte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/cli.py to cli.pycbyte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/psshutil.py to psshutil.pycbyte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/manager.py to manager.pycbyte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/askpass_client.py to askpass_client.pycbyte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/version.py to version.pycbyte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/color.py to color.pycrunning install_scriptscopying build/scripts-2.6/pscp -> /usr/bincopying build/scripts-2.6/prsync -> /usr/bincopying build/scripts-2.6/pnuke -> /usr/bincopying build/scripts-2.6/pssh -> /usr/bincopying build/scripts-2.6/pssh-askpass -> /usr/bincopying build/scripts-2.6/pslurp -> /usr/binchanging mode of /usr/bin/pscp to 755changing mode of /usr/bin/prsync to 755changing mode of /usr/bin/pnuke to 755changing mode of /usr/bin/pssh to 755changing mode of /usr/bin/pssh-askpass to 755changing mode of /usr/bin/pslurp to 755running install_datacreating /usr/mancreating /usr/man/man1copying man/man1/pssh.1 -> /usr/man/man1copying man/man1/pscp.1 -> /usr/man/man1copying man/man1/prsync.1 -> /usr/man/man1copying man/man1/pslurp.1 -> /usr/man/man1copying man/man1/pnuke.1 -> /usr/man/man1running install_egg_infoWriting /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pssh-2.3.1-py2.6.egg-info

2.2

安装完成

使用 yum 安装后，只能使用 pssh，但是编译安装后会包括其他命令也安装了（pscp prsync pnuke pslurp）
pssh：在远程多台主机上并行运行命令

Example: pssh -h hosts.txt -l irb2 -o /tmp/foo uptime

pscp :把文件并行复制到多台远程主机上

Example: pscp -h hosts.txt -l irb2 foo.txt /home/irb2/foo.txt

prsync:使用 rsync 协议本地文件同步到远程多台主机上。

Example: prsync -r -h hosts.txt -l irb2 foo /home/irb2/foo

pnuke:在远程多台主机上并行 killall 某一进程

Example: pnuke -h hosts.txt -l irb2 java

pslurp:把文件从远程多台主机上复制到本地主机上

Example: pslurp -h hosts.txt -L /tmp/outdir -l irb2/home/irb2/foo.txt foo.txt

2.3

pssh 参数说明

-h HOST_FILE 后边跟远程主机列表（ip）

-l USER 指定远程主机的用户名-p PAR 指定 pssh 最大的并行线程数。

-o 将输出的内容重定向到一个指定的文件中

-O 指定 ssh参数的具体配置

-e 将执行错误重定向到一个指定的文件中

-t 设定命令执行超时时间

-x 传递 ssh命令的一些参数

-i 在远程主机上执行命令完成后显示标准输出和标准错误

-P 在执行远程命令时，输出执行结果

2.4

其他常用的方法

pssh 使用帮助

pssh --help

pssh 查看所有服务器的 uptime

 -h list 指定了执行命令的机器列表 -A表示提示输入密码（如果机器都是ssh key打通的则无需加-A）pssh -i -A -h list 'uptime'

使用 pscp 向一堆机器分发文件

pscp -h list localfile remote_dir

从一堆机器中拷贝文件到中心机器

pslurp -h list /etc/hosts local_dir

2.5

常见问题

如果你遇到这样的错误：

IOError: [Errno 4] Interrupted system call

建议升级python版本到python2.7

03

附录

3.1

pssh CLSN 站点镜像地址

本站将 pssh 软件包镜像到本地，以防丢失，有需求的可以执行下载，下载后注意校验 MD5 值。

3.2

pssh GOOGLE 源

3.3

文件包MD5 值

下载完成后务必校验 MD5 值

04

参考文献

https://code.google.com/archive/p/parallel-ssh/
http://opstool.com/article/266
https://www.cnblogs.com/Dicky-Zhang/p/5988415.html
https://help.aliyun.com/knowledge_detail/38835.html

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