Qt+ECharts开发笔记:ECharts的柱状图介绍基础使用和Qt封装Demo

Posted 长沙红胖子Qt

tags:

篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了Qt+ECharts开发笔记:ECharts的柱状图介绍基础使用和Qt封装Demo相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。

若该文为原创文章,转载请注明原文出处
本文章博客地址:https://hpzwl.blog.csdn.net/article/details/125731144

红胖子(红模仿)的博文大全:开发技术集合(包含Qt实用技术、树莓派、三维、OpenCV、OpenGL、ffmpeg、OSG、单片机、软硬结合等等)持续更新中…(点击传送门)

Qt开发专栏:三方库开发技术

上一篇:《Qt+ECharts开发笔记(二):Qt窗口动态调整大小,使ECharts跟随Qt窗口大小变换而变换大小
下一篇:《Qt+ECharts开发笔记(四):ECharts的饼图介绍、基础使用和Qt封装百分比图Demo


前言

  上一篇成功是EChart随着Qt窗口变化而变化,本篇将开始正式介绍柱状图介绍、基础使用,并将其封装一层Qt。
  本篇的demo实现了隐藏js代码的方式,实现了一个条形图的基本交互方式,即Qt调用js脚本操作html


Demo演示

  


ECharts调试工具

  ECharts提供的纯JS代码编辑开发调试工具,可编辑js,并且查看运行效果:
  https://echarts.apache.org/examples/zh/editor.html
  
  开发过程中对于属性的查询和调试ECharts也提供了配置帮助。
  官方配置手册:https://echarts.apache.org/zh/option.html
  


目标

  随便找一个预期目标:
  


ECharts接口静态方式

  使用EChart调试工具开发,先调试出基础框架。
  这里贴出的全部代码:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <title>ECharts</title>
    <!-- 引入刚刚下载的 ECharts 文件 -->
    <!--<script src="echarts.js"></script>-->
    <script src="./echarts.js"></script>
    <!--<script src="D:/qtProject/echartsDemo/echartsDemo/modules/barEChartWidget/html/echarts.js"></script>-->
    <!--<script src="echarts.min.js"></script>-->
    <!--<script src="./echarts.min.js"></script>-->
    <!--<script src="./html/echarts.min.js"></script>-->
    <!--<script src="D:/qtProject/echartsDemo/echartsDemo/modules/barEChartWidget/html/echarts.min.js"></script>-->
  </head>
  <body>

    <!--设置body跟随查u哪个口,main填充body-->
    <style>
        #main,
        html,
        body
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            overflow: hidden;
        
        #main 
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
        
    </style>


    <div id="main"></div>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        // 基于准备好的dom,初始化echarts实例
        var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main'));
        // 窗口高度变化设置
        window.onresize = function() 
            myChart.resize();
        ;
        // 指定图表的配置项和数据
        var option = 
            title: 
                text: 'ECharts 入门示例'
            ,
            tooltip: ,
            legend: 
                data: ['销量']
            ,
            xAxis: 
            data: ['衬衫', '羊毛衫', '雪纺衫', '裤子', '高跟鞋', '袜子']
            ,
            yAxis: ,
            series: [
                
                    name: '销量',
                    type: 'bar',
                    data: [5, 20, 36, 10, 10, 20]
                
            ]
        ;
        // 使用刚指定的配置项和数据显示图表。
        myChart.setOption(option);


        function initJs() 
            var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main'));
            var option;
            option = 
                tooltip: 
                    trigger: 'axis'
                ,
                grid: 
                    left: '3%',
                    right: '4%',
                    bottom: '50',
                    containLabel: true
                ,
                legend: 
                    orient: 'horizontal',
                    x: 'center',
                    y: 'bottom',
                    itemGap: 100
                ,
                xAxis: 
                    type: 'value'
                ,
                yAxis: 
                    type: 'category',
                    data: ['项目1', '项目2', '项目3']
                ,
                series: [
                    
                        name: '变量1',
                        type: 'bar',
                        stack: 'totla',
                        label: 
                            show: true
                        ,
                        data: [11, 12, 13]
                    ,
                    
                        name: '子项目1',
                        type: 'bar',
                        stack: 'totla',
                        label: 
                            show: true
                        ,
                        data: [24, 20, 21]
                    ,
                    
                        name: '变量3',
                        type: 'bar',
                        stack: 'totla',
                        label: 
                            show: true
                        ,
                        data: [95, 87, 55]
                    
                ]
            ;
        ;
        initJs();
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

ECharts接口动态方式

  动态方式,最初目的是为了动态实现数据的js操作,在开发过程中发现动态方式还能隐藏echarts代码,使echarts代码不被抓取,最后决定全部改为动态加载方式。

步骤一:修改html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <title>ECharts</title>
    <script src="./echarts.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <style>
        #main,
        html,
        body
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            overflow: hidden;
        
        #main 
            width: 95%;
            height: 95%;
        
    </style>
    <div id="main"></div>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main'));
        window.onresize = function() 
            myChart.resize();
        ;
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

步骤二:初始化

  新增了loadFinished信号槽关联。

void BarEChartWidget::initControl()

    _pWebEngineView = new QWebEngineView(this);
    _pWebEnginePage = new QWebEnginePage(this);
    _pWebChannel = new QWebChannel(this);
    QString filePath;
#if 1
    filePath = QString("%1/%2").arg(_htmlDir).arg(_indexFileName);
#else
    filePath = "qrc:/barEChartWidget/html/barEChartWidget.html";
#endif
    LOG << "file exist:" << QFile::exists(filePath) << filePath;
#if 0
    // 打印html文件内容
    QFile file(_indexFilePath);
    file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);
    LOG << QString(file.readAll());
    file.close();
#endif
    connect(_pWebEnginePage, SIGNAL(loadFinished(bool)), this, SLOT(slot_loadFinished(bool)));
    _pWebEnginePage->load(QUrl(filePath));
    _pWebEnginePage->setWebChannel(_pWebChannel);
    _pWebEngineView->setPage(_pWebEnginePage);

    // 背景透明
//    _pWebEngineView->setStyleSheet("background-color: transparent");
    _pWebEnginePage->setBackgroundColor(Qt::transparent);

步骤三:加载完成页面后进行初始化

void BarEChartWidget::slot_loadFinished(bool result)

    if(result)
    
        initJs();
    

void BarEChartWidget::initJs()

    _initJsStr = QSTRING(
            "var option;"
            "option = "
            "    tooltip: "
            "        trigger: 'axis'"
            "    ,"
            "    grid: "
            "        left: '10',"
            "        right: '10',"
            "        top: '10',"
            "        bottom: 30,"
            "        containLabel: true"
            "    ,"
            "    legend: "
            "        orient: 'horizontal',"
            "        x: 'center',"
            "        y: 'bottom',"
            "        itemGap: 20"
            "    ,"
            "    xAxis: "
            "        type: 'value'"
            "    ,"
            "    yAxis: "
            "        type: 'category',"
            "        data: ['项目1', '项目2', '项目3']"
            "    ,"
            "    series: ["
            "        "
            "            name: '变量1',"
            "            type: 'bar',"
            "            stack: 'totla',"
            "            label: "
            "                show: true"
            "            ,"
            "            data: [11, 12, 13]"
            "        ,"
            "        "
            "            name: '变量2',"
            "            type: 'bar',"
            "            stack: 'totla',"
            "            label: "
            "                show: true"
            "            ,"
            "            data: [24, 20, 21]"
            "        ,"
            "        "
            "            name: '变量3',"
            "            type: 'bar',"
            "            stack: 'totla',"
            "            label: "
            "                show: true"
            "            ,"
            "            data: [95, 87, 55]"
            "        "
            "    ]"
            ";"
            "myChart.setOption(option);");
    runJsScript(_initJsStr);


void BarEChartWidget::runJsScript(QString str)

    if(_pWebEnginePage)
    
        _pWebEnginePage->runJavaScript(str);
    

步骤四:动态执行js操作

重置

void BarEChartWidget::on_pushButton_reset_clicked()

    initJs();

刷新

void BarEChartWidget::on_pushButton_flush_clicked()

    QString jsStr =
            "var empty = ;"
            "myChart.setOption(empty, true);"
            "myChart.setOption(option, true);";
    runJsScript(jsStr);

清空

void BarEChartWidget::on_pushButton_clear_clicked()

    QString jsStr =
            "option.series[0].data = [];"
            "option.series[1].data = [];"
            "option.series[2].data = [];"
            "myChart.setOption(option, true);";
    runJsScript(jsStr);

随机生成(使用js代码)

void BarEChartWidget::on_pushButton_createRandom_clicked()

    QString jsStr =
    "var min = 0;"
    "var max = 100;"
    "for(var i = 0; i < option.series.length; i++)"
    ""
    "    for(var j = 0; j < option.yAxis.data.length; j++)"
    "    "
    "        option.series[i].data[j] = Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min)) + min;"
    "    "
    ""
    "myChart.setOption(option, true);";
    runJsScript(jsStr);

  后续用会将数据进行Qt的一份缓存数据,由Qt的数据去生成ecahrts的js脚本。


Demo

html文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <title>ECharts</title>
    <script src="./echarts.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <style>
        #main,
        html,
        body
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            overflow: hidden;
        
        #main 
            width: 95%;
            height: 95%;
        
    </style>
    <div id="main"></div>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main'));
        window.onresize = function() 
            myChart.resize();
        ;
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

  在代码中使用js初始化echarts:
BarECartWidget.h

#ifndef BARECHARTWIDGET_H
#define BARECHARTWIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QWebEngineView>
#include <QWebEnginePage>
#include <QWebChannel>

namespace Ui 
class BarEChartWidget;


class BarEChartWidget : public QWidget

    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit BarEChartWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~BarEChartWidget();

protected:
    void initControl();

protected slots:
    void slot_loadFinished(bool result);

protected:
    void initJs();

protected:
    void runJsScript(QString str);

protected:
    void resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *event);

private slots:
    void on_pushButton_clear_clicked();
    void on_pushButton_flush_clicked();
    void on_pushButton_createRandom_clicked();
    void on_pushButton_reset_clicked();

private:
    Ui::BarEChartWidget *ui;

private:
    QWebEngineView *_pWebEngineView;            // 浏览器窗口
    QWebEnginePage *_pWebEnginePage;            // 浏览器页面
    QWebChannel *_pWebChannel;                  // 浏览器js交互

    QString _htmlDir;                           // html文件夹路径
    QString _indexFileName;                     // html文件

    QString _initJsStr;                         // 第一次初始化的表格
;

#endif // BARECHARTWIDGET_H

BarEChartWidget.cpp

#include "BarEChartWidget.h"
#include "ui_BarEChartWidget.h"

#include <QFile>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QTimer>

// QtCreator在msvc下设置编码也或有一些乱码,直接一刀切,避免繁琐的设置
//#define MSVC
#ifdef MSVC
#define QSTRING(s)  QString::fromLocal8Bit(s)
#else
#define QSTRING(s)以上是关于Qt+ECharts开发笔记:ECharts的柱状图介绍基础使用和Qt封装Demo的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章

Qt+ECharts开发笔记:ECharts介绍下载和Qt调用ECharts基础柱状图Demo

Qt+ECharts开发笔记:ECharts的动态排序柱状图介绍基础使用和Qt封装Demo

Qt+ECharts开发笔记:ECharts的柱状图介绍基础使用和Qt封装Demo

Qt+ECharts开发笔记:ECharts的柱状图介绍基础使用和Qt封装Demo

Qt+ECharts开发笔记:ECharts的动态排序柱状图介绍基础使用和Qt封装Demo

Qt+ECharts开发笔记:ECharts的动态排序柱状图介绍基础使用和Qt封装Demo