请求https错误： unable to find valid certification path to requested target

Posted 2022-09-01 catoop

错误及原因

当Java客户端请求实现https协议的服务时，出现异常：’unable to find valid certification path to requested target’

是因为服务期端的证书没有被认证，需要做的是把服务端证书导入到Java keystore。

解决方法

使用下面的类安装证书

package com.shanhy.caogen;
/*
 * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;

import java.security.*;
import java.security.cert.*;

import javax.net.ssl.*;

/**
 * 安装证书
 *
 * @author   单红宇(365384722)
 * @myblog  http://blog.csdn.net/catoop/
 * @create    2016年4月14日
 */
public class InstallCert 

    // 我们要访问的HTTPS服务，如访问 https://www.shanhy.com
    public static final String hostName = "www.shanhy.com";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception 
        args = new String[]hostName;
        String host;
        int port;
        char[] passphrase;
        if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) 
            String[] c = args[0].split(":");
            host = c[0];
            port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
            String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
            passphrase = p.toCharArray();
         else 
            System.out.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
            return;
        

        File file = new File("jssecacerts");
        if (file.isFile() == false) 
            char SEP = File.separatorChar;
            File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib" + SEP + "security");
            file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
            if (file.isFile() == false) 
                file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
            
        
        System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
        InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
        ks.load(in, passphrase);
        in.close();

        SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
        tmf.init(ks);
        X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf.getTrustManagers()[0];
        SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
        context.init(null, new TrustManager[]  tm , null);
        SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();

        System.out.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
        SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);
        socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
        try 
            System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
            socket.startHandshake();
            socket.close();
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
         catch (SSLException e) 
            System.out.println();
            e.printStackTrace(System.out);
        

        X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
        if (chain == null) 
            System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
            return;
        

        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
        System.out.println();
        MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
        MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) 
            X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
            System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject " + cert.getSubjectDN());
            System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());
            sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
            System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
            md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
            System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
            System.out.println();
        

        System.out.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
        String line = reader.readLine().trim();
        int k;
        try 
            k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
         catch (NumberFormatException e) 
            System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
            return;
        

        X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
        String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
        ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);

        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
        ks.store(out, passphrase);
        out.close();

        System.out.println();
        System.out.println(cert);
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '" + alias + "'");
    

    private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();

    private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) 
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
        for (int b : bytes) 
            b &= 0xff;
            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
            sb.append(' ');
        
        return sb.toString();
    

    private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager 

        private final X509TrustManager tm;
        private X509Certificate[] chain;

        SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) 
            this.tm = tm;
        

        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() 
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        

        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException 
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        

        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException 
            this.chain = chain;
            tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
        
    

该类为包含main方法的入口类，直接运行即可。
在出现提示后，输入1后回车完成（如果你要放弃并退出输入q即可）。

执行完毕后，在执行该类的当然目录中找到生成的 jssecacerts 文件，然后拷贝该文件到JDK中，如我的是放到：……\\jdk1.8.0_60\\jre\\lib\\security 中。

最后再使用之前的Java代码请求HTTPS接口，就不会出现错误了。