JS与APP原生控件交互

Posted 小破孩123

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  “热更新”、“热部署”相信对于混合式开发的童鞋一定不陌生,那么APP怎么避免每次升级都要在APP应用商店发布呢?这里就用到了混合式开发的概念,对于电商网站尤其显得重要,不可能每次发布一个活动,都要发布一个现版本,当然这样对于android还算可以,但是对于ios呢?苹果应用商店每次审核的时间基本都在1~2周,这对于一个促销活动来说审核时间实在太长。而混合式开发正好可以解决这个问题,基本的原理时,通过原生控件实现APP的主体结构,借助H5开发对应的页面,这样每次发布活动,只需要在服务器端,将活动发布,便可以达到所有安装用户不升级便可查阅最新活动的效果。今天就为大家分享一下,如何实现javascript与APP原生控件交互。

  一、首先为大家介绍的是JS与Android交互,首先让大家看一下Android工程的目录结构:

  

  JSObject.java文件封装了JS调用Android原生控件的方法;MainActivity.java是调用WebView控件实现网页页面加载,以及进行控件调用JS方法的封装;test.html是我们加载的HTML页面。接下来我们具体看一下实现:

  MainActivity.java

package com.chinaonenet.mywebview;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.webkit.WebSettings;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.widget.Button;

/**
 * SuppressLint一定要加上去!!!
 * 低版本可能没问题,高版本JS铁定调不了Android里面的方法
 */
@SuppressLint("SetJavaScriptEnabled")
public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private Button button1,button2;
    private WebView mWebView;
    
    private MyWebViewClient WVClient;
    private WebSettings webSettings;
    
    private MyWebChromeClient chromeClient;
    
    //封装接收js调用Android的方法类
    private JSObject  jsobject;
    
    //异步请求
    private Handler mHandler = new Handler();
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        init();
        initView();
        setButton();
    }

    private void setButton() {
        //无参调用
        button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        mWebView.loadUrl("javascript:showNoMessage()");
                    }
                });
            }
        });
        
        
        //有参调用
        button2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        mWebView.loadUrl("javascript:showMessage(\'顺带给JS传个参数\')");
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    }

    private void init() {
        mWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
        button1 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button2 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2);
        
        WVClient = new MyWebViewClient();
        chromeClient = new MyWebChromeClient();
        jsobject = new JSObject(MainActivity.this); 
    }

    private void initView() {
        webSettings = mWebView.getSettings();
        webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
        webSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(true);
        webSettings.setSavePassword(false);
        
        //支持多种分辨率,需要js网页支持
        webSettings.setUserAgentString("mac os");
        webSettings.setDefaultTextEncodingName("utf-8");
        
        //显示本地js网页
        mWebView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/test.html");
        
        mWebView.setWebViewClient(WVClient);
        mWebView.setWebChromeClient(chromeClient);
        
        //注意第二个参数android,这个是JS网页调用Android方法的一个类似ID的东西
        mWebView.addJavascriptInterface(jsobject, "android");
    }
}

  页面的配置文件(activity_main.xml)

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.chinaonenet.mywebview.MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:text="无参" />
    
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:text="有参" />

    <WebView
        android:id="@+id/webview"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button2" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:text="js与android交互" />

</RelativeLayout>

  JSObject.java

package com.chinaonenet.mywebview;

import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.webkit.JavascriptInterface;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * JS调用android的方法
 * @JavascriptInterface仍然必不可少
 */
public class JSObject {
    private Context context;
    public JSObject(Context context){
        this.context = context;
    }
    
    //js调用无参方法
    @JavascriptInterface
    public void callNull(){
        Toast.makeText(context, "JsCallAndroid", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
    
    //js调用有参方法
    @JavascriptInterface
    public void callMessage(String data){
        Toast.makeText(context, data, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
    
    //js调用有参方法,参数类型:JSON
    @JavascriptInterface
    public void callJson(String data) throws JSONException{
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(data);
        Toast.makeText(context, jsonArray.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
    
    //js调用有参方法,参数类型:JSON,获取电话号码拨打
    @JavascriptInterface
    public void callPhone(String data){
        context.startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:" + data)));
    }
}

  加载的HTML页面:

<style>
    .main-wrap ul {
        width: 100%;
        display: inline-block;
        padding-top: 20px;
    }

        .main-wrap ul li {
            float: left;
            width: 100%;
            height: 40px;
            line-height: 40px;
            font-size: 14px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            background-color: #00D000;
            color: #fff;
            text-align: center;
            cursor: pointer;
        }

            .main-wrap ul li:active {
                opacity: 0.8;
            }
</style>

<div class="main-wrap">
    <ul class="postAndroid">
        <li onclick="jsCallAndroid(\'1\')">不传参数调用原生控件</li>
        <li onclick="jsCallAndroid(\'2\')">传参数调用原生控件</li>
        <li onclick="jsCallAndroid(\'3\')">以JSON格式传参数调用原生控件</li>
        <li onclick="jsCallAndroid(\'4\')">调用打电话服务</li>
    </ul>
</div>

<script>
    function jsCallAndroid(rel) {
        switch(rel){
            case "1":
                android.callNull();
                break;
            case "2":
                android.callMessage("javaScript操作Android原生");
                break;
            case "3":
                var json = "[{\\"name\\":\\"满艺网\\", \\"phone\\":\\"4008366069\\"}]";
                android.callJson(json);
                break;
            case "4":
                android.callPhone("4008366069");
                break;
        }
    }
    function showNoMessage() {
        alert("Android无参调用");
    }
    function showMessage(data) {
        alert("Android有参调用-data:" + data);
    }
</script>

  这里因为需要实现一个拨打电话的功能,所以需要在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加拨打电话的权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />

  当然这里加载的页面是本地页面,当加载网络页面时需要添加请求网络权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

  好了关于JS与Android原生的控件进行相互调用的知识就介绍完了,最后附上DEML下载地址:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1eR6l7Fk  提取密码:4st0

  二、JS与IOS原生交互,这里的开发语言选用的是Swift语言,版本是2.2。首先上工程目录结构:

  

  ViewController.swift

import UIKit
import JavaScriptCore

class ViewController: UIViewController {
 
    var context = JSContext()
    var jsContext: JSContext?
    
    @IBOutlet weak var webView: UIWebView!
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        webView.delegate = self//初始化webView
        loadJS()
    }
    
    /**
     *加载html页面
     */
    func loadJS() {
        let str = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("test", ofType: "html")
        let request = NSURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: str!)!)
        webView.loadRequest(request)
    }
   
    //Swift 调用JS 方法 (无参数)
    @IBAction func swift_js_pargram(sender: AnyObject) {
        self.context.evaluateScript("Swift_JS1()")
        //self.webView.stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString("Swift_JS1()") //此方法也可行
    }
    
    //Swift 调用JS 方法 (有参数)
    @IBAction func swift_js_nopargam(sender: AnyObject) {
        self.context.evaluateScript("Swift_JS2(\'Ios\' ,\'Swift\')")
        //self.webView.stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString("Swift_JS2(\'oc\',\'swift\')") //此方法也可行
    }
    
    //js调用Swift方法(无参)
    func menthod1() {
        print("JS调用了无参数swift方法")
        
        let title = "操作提示";
        let msg = "JS调用了无参数swift方法";
        //创建提示信息
        let alert = UIAlertController(title: title, message: msg, preferredStyle: .Alert)
        //确定按钮
        alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "ok", style: .Default, handler: nil))
        //显示提示框
        self.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }
    
    //js调用Swift方法(有参数)
    func menthod2(str1: String, str2: String) {
        print("JS调用了有参数swift方法:参数为\\(str1),\\(str2)")
        
        //创建提示信息
        let alert = UIAlertController(title: str1, message: str2, preferredStyle: .Alert)
        //确定按钮
        alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "ok", style: .Default, handler: nil))
        //显示提示框
        self.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }
    
    func webView(webView: UIWebView, didFailLoadWithError error: NSError) {
        print(error)
    }
}

//js调用Swift方法注入
extension ViewController: UIWebViewDelegate {
    func webView(webView: UIWebView, shouldStartLoadWithRequest request: NSURLRequest, navigationType: UIWebViewNavigationType) -> Bool {
        
        let str = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("test", ofType: "html")
        let request = NSURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: str!)!)
        
        let connecntion = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self)
        connecntion?.start()
        return true
    }
    
    func webViewDidStartLoad(webView: UIWebView) {
        print("webViewDidStartLoad----")
    }
    
    func webViewDidFinishLoad(webView: UIWebView) {
        self.context = webView.valueForKeyPath("documentView.webView.mainFrame.javaScriptContext") as! JSContext
        //JS调用了无参数swift方法---menthod1
        let temp1: @convention(block) () ->() = {
            self.menthod1()
        }
        //forKeyedSubscript:参数为JS调用方法名
        self.context.setObject(unsafeBitCast(temp1, AnyObject.self), forKeyedSubscript: "test1")
        
        //JS调用了有参数swift方法---menthod2
        let temp2: @convention(block) () ->() = {
            let array = JSContext.currentArguments()//这里接到的array中的内容是JSValue类型
            for object in array {
                print("参数:" + object.toString())
            }
            self.menthod2(array[0].toString(), str2: array[1].toString())
        }
        //forKeyedSubscript:参数为JS调用方法名
        self.context.setObject(unsafeBitCast(temp2, AnyObject.self), forKeyedSubscript: "test2")
        
        //模型注入的方法
        let model = JSObjCModel()
        model.controller = self
        model.jsContext = context
        self.jsContext = context
        
        //这一步是将OCModel这个模型注入到JS中,JS就可以通过OCModel调用我们公暴露的方法了。
        self.jsContext?.setObject(model, forKeyedSubscript: "OCModel")
        
        let url = NSBundle.mainBundle().URLForResource("test", withExtension: "html")
        self.jsContext?.evaluateScript(try? String(contentsOfURL: url!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding));
        
        self.jsContext?.exceptionHandler = {
            (context, exception) in
            print("exception @", exception)
        }
    }
}

@objc protocol JavaScriptSwiftDelegate: JSExport {
    func callSystemCamera()
    
    func showAlert(title: String, msg: String)
    
    func callWithDict(dict: [String: AnyObject])
    
    func jsCallObjcAndObjcCallJsWithDict(dict: [String: AnyObject])
}

//js调用Swift模型方法
@objc class JSObjCModel: NSObject, JavaScriptSwiftDelegate {
    weak var controller: UIViewController?
    weak var jsContext: JSContext?
    
    //JS无参调用Swift方法并返回处理结果
    func callSystemCamera() {
        print("js call objc method: callSystemCamera");
        
        let jsFunc = self.jsContext?.objectForKeyedSubscript("jsFunc");
        jsFunc?.callWithArguments([]);
    }
    
    //JS有参调用Swift方法
    func showAlert(title: String, msg: String) {
        print("js call objc method: showAlert, title: %@", title, "   msg: %@", msg)
        
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) { () -> Void in
            let alert = UIAlertController(title: title, message: msg, preferredStyle: .Alert)
            alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "ok", style: .Default, handler: nil))
            self.controller?.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
        }
    }
    
    //JS有参调用Swift方法
    func callWithDict(dict: [String : AnyObject]) {
        print("js call objc method: callWithDict, args: %@", dict)
        
        let alert = UIAlertController(title: "消息提示", message: "查看控制台打印信息", preferredStyle: .Alert)
        alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "ok", style: .Default, handler: nil))
        self.controller?.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }
    
    //JS有参调用Swift方法并返回处理结果
    func jsCallObjcAndObjcCallJsWithDict(dict: [String : AnyObject]) {
        print("js call objc method: jsCallObjcAndObjcCallJsWithDict, args: %@", dict)
        
        let jsParamFunc = self.jsContext?.objectForKeyedSubscript("jsParamFunc");
        let dict = NSDictionary(dictionary: ["age": 2, "height": 178, "name": "满艺网"])
        jsParamFunc?.callWithArguments([dict])
    }
}

extension ViewController: NSURLConnectionDelegate,NSURLConnectionDataDelegate {

    func connection(connection: NSURLConnection, didReceiveData data: NSData) {
        print("didReceiveData\\(data)")
    }
    
    func connection(connection: NSURLConnection, willSendRequest request: NSURLRequest, redirectResponse response: NSURLResponse?) -> NSURLRequest? {
        print("request:\\(request)response:\\(response)")
        return request
    }
    
    func connection(connection: NSURLConnection, didFailWithError error: NSError) {
        
    }
}

//MARK: - allowsAnyHTTPSCertificateForHost
extension NSURLRequest {
    static func allowsAnyHTTPSCertificateForHost(host: String) -> Bool {
        return true
    }
}

  test.html

<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
        <title>JSAndIos</title>
    </head>
    
     <style>
        .main-wrap ul {
            width: 100%;
            display: inline-block;
            padding-top: 20px;
        }
    
        .main-wrap ul li {
            float: left;
            width: 100%;
            height: 40px;
            line-height: 40px;
            font-size: 14px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            background-color: #00D000;
            color: #fff;
            text-align: center;
            cursor: pointer;
        }
    
        .main-wrap ul li:active {
            opacity: 0.8;
        }
      </style>
    
     <body bgcolor="#dddd">
         <div class="main-wrap">
             <ul class="postAndroid">
                 <li onclick="JS_Swift1()">不传参数调用原生控件(常规方式)</li>
                 <li onclick="JS_Swift2()">传参数调用原生控件(常规方式)</li>
                 <li onclick="JS_Swift3()">不传参数调用原生控件,带返回结果处理(模型注入)</li>
                 <li onclick="JS_Swift4()">传参数调用原生控件(模型注入)</li>
                 <li onclick="JS_Swift5()">传对象格式参数调用原生控件(模型注入)</li>
                 <li onclick="JS_Swift6()">传对象格式参数调用原生控件,带返回结果处理(模型注入)</li>
             </ul>
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